Chinese Academy of Sciences

Energy-saving hydrogen production coupled with PET-derived ethylene glycol oxidation: Reaction mechanisms, catalyst design, and reactor engineering

Abstract The growing accumulation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste and the increasing demand for clean hydrogen call for integrated electrochemical strategies. Ethylene glycol oxidation reaction (EGOR), derived from PET hydrolysis, offers a thermodynamically favorable...

Gut–Mammary Axis-Mediated Improvement of Sialylated Milk Oligosaccharide Synthesis by Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharide and Probiotics in Mice with Gestational Metabolic Disorders

Abstract Milk oligosaccharides (MOs) are vital for infant health but vulnerable to gestational metabolic dysfunction. To explore a new microecological intervention strategy, we established a probiotic fermentation platform coupled with a mammary epithelial cell screening model to...

Programmable Temporal Dynamics in a Laser Neuron for High‐Speed Photonic Reservoir Computing

ABSTRACT Memory and nonlinearity play crucial roles in reservoir computing (RC) performance, with different tasks requiring different levels of these properties. However, in most physical RC systems, memory and nonlinearity are fixed or can only be changed through hardware redesi...

Pd-Sensitized SnO2@WO3 Nanosheets via Cluster-Nucleus Coassembly: Enhanced Hydrogen Spillover for High-Efficiency H2 Sensing

Abstract The risk of hydrogen explosions in industrial and hydrogen energy facilities presents serious safety threats. An inherent trade-off between response magnitude and response/recovery kinetics plagues chemiresistive H2 sensors: monocomponent materials are incapable of concu...

Triple-Emission Lanthanide Metal−Organic Framework for Crosstalk-Free and Dual-Ratiometric Simultaneous Sensing of Copper(II) and Nitrite

Abstract Copper ions (Cu2+) and nitrite (NO2−) are two prevalent pollutants in aquatic environments that frequently coexist and potentially exert synergistic toxic effects. However, the simultaneous and precise quantification of these two species remains a formidable challenge du...

The Influence Law and Etching Verification of Sub-Wavelength Longitudinal Field Generation

The generation of sub-diffraction-limit focal spots is essential for nanoscale manufacturing, and tight focusing of radially polarized beams provides a promising route to achieve this goal through the longitudinal field. This work proposes an annular-modulation-enhanced focusing...

Practical distributed 3D hydro-acoustic localization technology for spatially heterogeneous response cables with adaptive multi-array fusion

Distributed optical fiber hydro-acoustic localization holds significant importance in underwater object detection, maritime security, and marine ecology monitoring. To address the practical challenge of spatial heterogeneity response of acoustic sensitive optical cable (ASOC), a...

A generalized Gurson model for loaded ‘voids’

Abstract The Gurson model successfully solves the problem of void damage within a finite homogeneous matrix. Yet, it is inherently incapable of describing scenarios where the matrix contains inclusions that may trigger the void formation. In this work, we generalize the Gurson mo...

Enhancing the advection module performance in the EPICC-Model V1.6.0 via GPU-HADVPPM4HIP V1.0 coupling and GPU-optimized strategies

Abstract. The rapid development of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) has established new computational paradigms for enhancing air quality modeling efficiency. In this study, the heterogeneous-compute interface for portability (HIP) was implemented to parallel computing of the pie...

A Transferable Descriptor for Accurate Prediction of Excitonic Couplings in A-D-A Organic Photovoltaic Acceptors

Abstract Exciton diffusion length (LD) is a key parameter determining the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs), yet its fast and accurate calculation is computationally challenging due to thin-film structural disorder and the long-range nature of excitonic co...

Short-Term Simulated NH4+/NO3− Inputs Reorganize Soil Microbial Communities and Modify N-Cycling Functional Potential in Temperate Forests

Forest soil nitrogen (N) turnover and nitrous oxide (N2O) release are strongly influenced by atmospheric N deposition. Although the effects of individual inorganic N species on soil biogeochemistry are well documented, the consequences of changing their relative supply for N2O fo...

ARID1B promotes DNA end resection via MDC1 and co-transactivation of DNA repair genes with c-MYC in small cell lung cancer

Abstract AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1B (ARID1B) has been implicated in DNA damage repair; however, its precise molecular mechanisms and contributions to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) pathogenesis remain incompletely defined. In this study, analysis of clinical...

Synthesis and Curing of Tetra-Component Phenolic Resin as a Candidate Resin for Further Investigation in Photoresist Formulations

The paper describes the synthesis and properties of a tetra-component phenolic resin as a candidate resin for further investigation in photoresist formulations, and its oligomer was synthesized via addition, condensation, and polycondensation reactions. Characterization was condu...

Seasonal Shifts in Nitrogen Isotope Fractionation Regimes in the Leighton Cycle

Abstract Nitrogen isotopes are used to trace nitrogen oxides (NO x = nitric oxide (NO) + nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 )) emissions and nitrate formation, but their interpretation depends on isotope redistribution during NO−NO 2 cycling. A key uncertainty is whether this partitioning is...

Diversity–multifunctionality relationships shift with increasing aridity in grasslands

Grasslands, a dominant global ecosystem, face an uncertain future. Diverse grasslands can maintain multiple functions (multifunctionality); however, the relative roles of species diversity and functional diversity in promoting this resilience remain unclear. We examined how the d...

Enhanced electrochemically-directed oligonucleotide synthesis via porous silica thin-film for DNA data storage

DNA-based data storage has emerged as a promising alternative for long-term information archiving and its implementation accelerates the development for on-chip large scale oligonucleotide synthesis. Among various technological routes, electrochemically directed synthesis offers...

Holographic multipartite entanglement dynamics in AdS3-Vaidya

A bstract We study how multipartite entanglement is dynamically reorganized during holographic thermalization following a global quench in AdS 3 /CFT 2 . We first use the n -partite information (− 1) n I n to probe collective multipartite entanglement in holographic configuration...

Amino Acid Elicitation for Improved Hypocrellin A Biosynthesis in Shiraia bambusicola Under Elevated Fermentation Temperature

Hypocrellin A (HA) is a perylenequinone photosensitizer produced by Shiraia bambusicola during submerged fermentation, but its accumulation during submerged fermentation remains limited by low biosynthetic efficiency. Building on our previous finding that 32 °C increased HA accum...

Warm-sector heavy rainfall over the eastern China plains: identification, characteristics, and precursor dynamic signals

Abstract. Warm-sector heavy rainfall (WSHR) features small spatial scales, posing critical forecast challenges, while its fractional contribution to regional heavy rainfall and its short-term precursors remain poorly quantified. Drawing on 2021–2025 warm-season (June–September) o...

High‐Resolution Temperature and Precipitation Variability in Northeast Asia Since the Last Glacial Maximum Recorded in an Annually Laminated Maar Lake

Abstract Temperature and precipitation variability in monsoonal Asia is central to understanding regional climate dynamics and global teleconnections. How post‐LGM warming and hydroclimate change unfolded in Northeast Asia, and how they were linked to external forcing, remain poo...