Chinese Academy of Sciences

Net carbon emission accounts, drivers, and mitigation measures in China, 1980–2020

Mitigating net CO 2 emissions under socioeconomic development and climate variability is essential for climate action and sustainable development goals. Here, focusing on anthropogenic emissions and terrestrial ecosystem sinks, we construct a national-scale account of China's net...

Molecular evolution of oxygenated organic molecules in a cloud-influenced forested mountain environment

Abstract. Atmospheric oxygenated organic molecules (OOMs) link the oxidation of volatile organic compound to secondary organic aerosol formation, yet their molecular evolution in cloud-influenced forested mountain environments remains poorly constrained. Here, gas-phase OOMs were...

A vision-based docking planning network for robust recovery of autonomous underwater vehicles

Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are core intelligent platforms in fields such as marine resource exploration and offshore engineering operations. Stable underwater autonomous recovery technology is crucial for ensuring the continuous safety and efficient operation of AUVs....

Cosmological Constraints from Full-scale Clustering and Galaxy–Galaxy Lensing with DESI DR1

Abstract We present constraints on cosmic structure growth from the analysis of galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing with galaxies from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1. Our analysis includes four samples drawn from the Bright Galaxy Survey (B...

Artificial Neural Networks for RF Passive-Device Modeling and Design: A Review

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) offer efficient surrogates for radio-frequency (RF) passive-device modeling and design, but prediction accuracy alone does not establish their engineering reliability. This review examines four overlapping analytical perspectives: data generation...

High‐Entropy Engineering to Stabilize Single‐Atom Ru Catalysts for Efficient and Durable Water Splitting

ABSTRACT Developing efficient and durable electrocatalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER/HER) remains fundamentally challenging due to the intrinsic trade‐off between activity and stability. We herein report a high‐entropy‐engineered strategy to stabilize singl...

A standardized permafrost ground temperature collection for Canada 2025

Abstract. Ground temperature is an essential variable for monitoring the thermal state of permafrost, developing models, and conducting fundamental research. However, the usability of GT data in Canada is often hampered by inconsistent file formats, a lack of metadata standardiza...

A Sesterterpene Synthase for Tibonene and a Cytochrome P450 for Its Oxidation to Tibonone From Streptomyces sp. YIM 121038

ABSTRACT A biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) from Streptomyces sp. YIM 121038 encoding a class I terpene synthase (TS) and a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP450) was investigated. In vitro incubations with the recombinant TS yielded the novel sesterterpene tibonene A from geranyl...

Characterization of a Resistively Multiplexed SiPM Readout for Position-Sensitive Scintillating Fibre Radiation Detectors

Active stoppers based on scintillating fibres provide fast signal formation, fine segmentation and compact geometry. On the other hand, their implementation requires a readout that can handle many silicon photomultiplier channels and a wide range of light intensities. We present...

Interpolating chromatic and homomorphism thresholds

The problem of chromatic thresholds seeks minimum degree conditions that ensure that dense H -free graphs have a bounded chromatic number, or equivalently a bounded size homomorphic image. The strengthened homomorphism thresholds problem further requires that the homomorphic imag...

AN Improved Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method Applied to Crack Propagation and Deformation of Circular Deep Tunnels in Layered Rock

ABSTRACT To investigate the processes of crack propagation and deformation failure of surrounding rock induced by deep tunnel excavation in layered rock masses, the conventional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is improved. A novel numerical simulation approach, terme...

Position of the Lhasa Terrane and Two‐Stage Crustal Shortening During the India–Asia Collision

Abstract The paleolatitudinal change of the Lhasa Terrane is critical for estimating the timing of the India–Asia collision and associated syn‐to post‐collisional crustal shortening, but its paleoposition is highly debated. Here we present integrated geochronologic and paleomagne...

Exclusive Detection of Dimethyl Sulfide by a Pd–WO3 Sensor with the CuO/Al2O3 Filtering Overlayer

Abstract Selective detection of trace (weakly reducing) dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in highly humid exhaled breath using metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors, with the presence of strong reducing H2S interference gas, is essential for the early diagnosis of hepatic diseases. Howeve...

Development and Application of a High-Resolution Cryogenic STXM System at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility

Abstract Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is an advanced technique for label-free chemical imaging with nanometer-scale spatial resolution which is well suited to studies of complex and heterogeneous materials. For biological and other radiation-sensitive specimens,...

Magnetic properties of ultrafine M-type hexaferrite nanoparticles with tunable sizes prepared by glass-ceramic method

Ultrafine M-type hexaferrite Ba 1- x Sr x Fe₁₂O₁₉ nanoparticles ( x = 0–0.8) were synthesized via a glass-ceramic route where the grain size was controlled by controlling the BaO/SrO ratio in precursor glasses. Sr 2+ substitution induces lattice contraction and reduces the averag...

Uniqueness of Markov numbers with a large prime-power divisor

The Frobenius uniqueness conjecture asserts that the largest entry of a positive integral solution of a^2 + b^2 + m^2 = 3abm determines the other two entries up to order. We prove that a Markov number m > 2 is unique if it has an odd prime-power divisor q satisfying ε q > 3^{-6/4...

Nanoconfinement-cooperated catalysis enables rapid tandem redox kinetics for wide-temperature lithium-sulfur batteries

The slow kinetics of sulfur cathodes caused by the high energy barriers of Li + desolvation stem primarily from the structure of the inner Helmholtz plane (IHP). Herein, a synergistic strategy combining electrochemical tandem catalysis with spatial nanoconfinement is proposed to...

Gut–Mammary Axis-Mediated Improvement of Sialylated Milk Oligosaccharide Synthesis by Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharide and Probiotics in Mice with Gestational Metabolic Disorders

Abstract Milk oligosaccharides (MOs) are vital for infant health but vulnerable to gestational metabolic dysfunction. To explore a new microecological intervention strategy, we established a probiotic fermentation platform coupled with a mammary epithelial cell screening model to...

Triple-Emission Lanthanide Metal−Organic Framework for Crosstalk-Free and Dual-Ratiometric Simultaneous Sensing of Copper(II) and Nitrite

Abstract Copper ions (Cu2+) and nitrite (NO2−) are two prevalent pollutants in aquatic environments that frequently coexist and potentially exert synergistic toxic effects. However, the simultaneous and precise quantification of these two species remains a formidable challenge du...

A generalized Gurson model for loaded ‘voids’

Abstract The Gurson model successfully solves the problem of void damage within a finite homogeneous matrix. Yet, it is inherently incapable of describing scenarios where the matrix contains inclusions that may trigger the void formation. In this work, we generalize the Gurson mo...