Chinese Academy of Sciences

A configurational-force-guided intra-element cracking strategy for ECZM-FDEM rock fracture simulation

Crack paths in cohesive-zone-model-based finite-discrete element method (CZM-FDEM) simulations are often constrained by pre-existing element boundaries, while intrinsic cohesive insertion may introduce artificial compliance before fracture activation. This study develops a config...

Patch fragmentation accelerates alpine meadow degradation through altering soil water migration

The bidirectional coupling of hydrological and ecological processes is pivotal for maintaining ecosystem stability. Fragmented patch patterns are widespread in degraded alpine meadows worldwide, redistributing soil hydrothermal resources and potentially exacerbating ecosystem deg...

Fluorination‐Driven Molecular Polarization Engineering in Hydroxyfluorooxoborates for Generating Strong Short‐Wavelength Nonlinear Optical Responses

ABSTRACT The short‐wavelength ultraviolet (UV, <280 nm) all‐solid‐state lasers, which rely on nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals for second‐harmonic generation (SHG), are of great significance for advanced scientific and industrial. However, the inherent randomness of obtaining non...

Investigation of glacier mass balance based on multi-source observation in the Karakoram over the past 25 years

The “Karakoram Anomaly” — the atypical stability of glaciers in a warming climate—has introduced considerable uncertainty into projections of regional water resources. However, the resilience of this anomaly under sustained climate forcing remains poorly quantified. In this study...

A survey of the reconnection layer around Mercury’s magnetopause

An anomalous reconnection layer (ARL) forms in the Earth’s magnetosheath near the magnetopause when the solar wind has a low Alfvén Mach number. This ARL structure is similar to a magnetic reconnection outflow region and is characterized by a weaker total magnetic field and a hig...

Graphene-Like-Armored Nanosheet Assemblies toward Fast and Stable High-Mass-Loading Sodium Storage

Abstract Sodium-ion batteries represent promising energy storage devices, yet their deployment is severely hampered by sluggish ion-transport kinetics and unstable electrode–electrolyte interfacial chemistry that deteriorate rate capability and cycling lifespan, particularly unde...

PET imaging enables direct evaluation of ferroptosis in HCC synergistically induced by anti-PD-L1 and Olaparib

Abstract The efficacy of PET image-guided immune checkpoint inhibitor-based therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) management is limited by the lack of direct monitoring of therapeutic response. A key challenge is the mismatch between the therapeutic pathway and the imaging ta...

Infrared spectroscopy of MO(CH4) n (M = Ce, Y; n = 1–3) reveals two distinct adsorption configurations

Investigation of the interactions of methane with metal oxides is crucial for elucidating absorption configurations at active sites of catalysts, which has proven to be a challenging experimental target due to the difficulty in size selection of neutral systems. In this work, the...

An Efficient Parcel-Center Sampling Strategy for Parcel-Scale Crop Classification Using Multiresolution Remote Sensing

Parcel-scale crop classification is fundamental to agricultural remote sensing and precision agriculture. The integration of detailed parcel information with medium-spatial-resolution remote sensing data has become an important technical approach to parcel-scale crop classificati...

Exploring the Impact Path of Cultivated Land Use and Its Environmental Factors on Soil Nutrients in Southeastern Tibet

The rapid expansion of agricultural activities on the Tibetan Plateau has raised concerns about soil degradation and nutrient dynamics in this ecologically fragile alpine region. However, existing studies lack a systematic quantification of the vertical influence depth of farmlan...

Quaternary Ammonium Lignin Enabling High‐Na + ‐Conductivity Gel Electrolyte and NaF‐Rich SEI Toward High‐Safety Sodium Metal Batteries

ABSTRACT Sodium metal batteries (SMBs) using gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are considered promising candidates for low‐cost, high energy density, and high‐safety energy storage devices. However, a persistent challenge lies in simultaneously achieving high Na + conductivity of G...

Drought memory and vegetation shifts triggered by recurrent extreme drought events in alpine peatlands amplify the sensitivity of carbon sink function to drought

Climate change is expected to intensify the frequency and severity of extreme drought events, profoundly influencing terrestrial ecosystem carbon budgets. Peatlands are crucial carbon reservoirs in the global carbon cycle, storing nearly one-third of the world's soil carbon. Howe...

Form Measurement of a 300 mm Ellipsoidal Binary Grating Using a Spatio-Temporal Fourier Method

Abstract For conventional laser Fizeau phase-shifting interferometry, form measurement of ellipsoidal binary gratings remains challenging because of the discontinuous grating structure with groove depths exceeding half the illumination wavelength. In this study, we propose a spat...

Engineered nickel foam dual-function electrode optimised electron transfer and biohydrogen evolution in single chambers microbial electrolysis cells

The widespread deployment of microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) for sustainable H 2 production is critically hindered by the reliance on costly platinum-based electrodes. Herein, we develop a ferric oxyhydroxide-intercalated cobalt phosphide composite supported on nickel foam (F...

Intensifying compound drought–heatwave events weaken ecosystem water-use efficiency in the Nile River Basin

Climate warming has intensified compound drought–heatwave (CDHW) events worldwide, posing growing threats to ecosystem carbon–water dynamics. However, the impacts of CDHWs on ecosystem water-use efficiency (WUE), particularly event sequencing, drought memory, and climatic heterog...

Response of alpine runoff to the ‘Warming and Wetting’ climate change trend: a Budyko-based attribution analysis in the Daheba Basin

ABSTRACT Understanding runoff responses in al pine basins is essential for water-resource management under climate change. This study assessed runoff changes and their drivers in the Daheba Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, using hydrometeorological and land-surface data for 1...

A helix-loop-helix gene orchestrates male fate in common carp

Fish show exceptional diversity in sex-determination mechanisms, making them a powerful system for studying how these pathways evolve. However, no definitive master sex-determining gene has yet been identified in Cyprinidae, a widely distributed and species-rich fish family. Here...

Biomimetic cell membrane–functionalized lanthanide nanoplatforms: From bio-interface design to precision theranostic applications

Cell membrane coating technology is a biomimetic approach for replicating the intrinsic properties of natural cell membranes that may be useful in nanoscale biomedicine. When applied to lanthanide nanoparticles (LnNPs), cell membrane coatings have the biological functionalities o...

Influence of Gas Flow on Ion Transport in PTR-MS Drift Tubes Using an Electro-Hydrodynamic Coupled Model

Abstract Proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) is widely used for the real-time detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Previous efforts to improve PTR-MS sensitivity have mainly focused on electric-field optimization, whereas the influence of macroscopic ga...

Wafer-scale low-symmetry graphene moiré superlattice for integrated quantum rectifiers

Low-symmetry materials unlock rich Berry curvature physics and anomalous transport phenomena that are forbidden in high-symmetry quantum systems through rigorous crystalline symmetry constraints. Current approaches rely on external fields or complex heterogeneous stacking to brea...