Chinese Academy of Sciences

Type-Voltage Covers and Finite Locally Kneser Graphs

For every integer d ≥ 3, we construct a connected graph on twice the binomial coefficient ‘3d + 1 choose d’ vertices that is locally the Kneser graph K(2d + 1, d). The construction on the line n = 2d + 1 uses a binary voltage cover of K(3d + 1, d), with voltage determined only by...

Astronomical spectra as language: Order-agnostic foundation model for low-SNR reconstruction and stellar parameter prediction

Large-scale spectroscopic surveys contain numerous low-SNR stellar spectra that are difficult to analyze with traditional pipelines but remain valuable for Galactic archaeology, chemical-evolution studies, and population-level stellar characterization. We propose an order-agnosti...

Divergent Forest Cover Changes Dominate Inter‐Model Spread in Near‐Surface Wind Speed Trends Over China

Abstract Near‐surface wind speed (NSWS) regulates the intensity of land‐atmosphere fluxes and the viability of wind energy systems, playing a pivotal role in human adaptation to climate change. However, at the current stage, global climate models exhibit a wide inter‐model spread...

Integrated analysis of surface water-groundwater interactions and enhanced hydrological forecasting of glacierized river in cold and arid regions

Abstract In cold and arid regions, climate change has altered precipitation patterns and accelerated glacierized retreat, which imposes severe risks on the stability of regional hydrological systems. Combined with the strong interactions between surface water (SW) and groundwater...

Seasonal dynamics of aquatic organic carbon driven by floating-mat formation in a terrestrializing lake

Lakes are important components of the land carbon cycle, but how floating mats during lake terrestrialization reshape aquatic organic carbon remains unclear. Here we show, using seasonal field observations, carbon isotope tracing, and structural equation modelling, that floating...

Highly Tunable Schottky Barrier to 2D Semiconductors Enabled by an Inorganic‐Molecular‐Crystal Tunneling Layer

ABSTRACT Effective tuning of the Schottky barrier, which determines charge transport across the metal‐semiconductor interface, is essential for optimizing the performance of electronics and optoelectronic devices. However, interfacial disorders and orbital overlap between metals...

Biocontrol efficacy and possible mechanism of a broad-spectrum antagonistic yeast, Pichia kluyveri NY23, screened from peach fruit via microbiome analysis

Fungus-induced postharvest diseases are the leading causes of fruit loss and waste. Meanwhile, some pathogens also produce mycotoxins, posing a grave risk to public health. Fruit epicarps harbor abundant microbiota, and shifts in these communities are tightly coupled with the occ...

Multicenter Privacy‐Preserving Federated Models for Predicting Postoperative Delirium and Acute Kidney Injury in Older Patients

ABSTRACT Postoperative delirium (POD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are serious complications in older patients undergoing surgery, yet predictive model development is often constrained by single‐center data limitations and privacy concerns that preclude centralized data sharing....

Heatwave‐Period Temperature Response Parameterizations Amplify Modeled Isoprene Emissions From Temperate Trees

Abstract Heatwaves can alter temperature responses of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions, yet these effects remain poorly constrained for temperate trees. We measured leaf‐level isoprene temperature response curves for Platanus occidentalis and Populus deltoides in cent...

Nicotinamide Metabolism Constrains Memory CD8 + T Cell Formation Through a Putative HS1BP3‐SIRT1‐FOXO3‐BCL6 Axis

ABSTRACT Memory T cells exhibit long‐term persistence, a defining feature that underpins durable clinical responses to adoptive immunotherapies. The mechanisms that integrate metabolic cues with transcriptional control of memory fate remain undetermined. Here, we identify HS1‐bin...

Emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants keeps slowing down

Abstract Background Although COVID-19 pandemic has no longer been classified as an international public health emergency of concern after May 2023, multiple variants with different characteristics keep emerging. Given the complex spatial-temporal characteristics of epidemics, res...

Bayesian inference of lineage trees by joint analysis of single-cell multimodal lineage-tracing data with BiLinT

Abstract The advent of single-cell lineage-tracing technologies has enabled simultaneous measurement of gene expression and lineage barcodes. However, integrating these modalities for high-resolution lineage reconstruction has remained challenging due to limitations of methods th...

New species and suborder records reveal unusually high thaliacean (Chordata, Tunicata) diversity in the South China Sea

In the context of global biodiversity decline, the monitoring and assessment of marine biodiversity have gained increasing importance. Thaliacea, a group of filter-feeding gelatinous zooplankton, play crucial roles in the carbon cycle and pelagic food webs, yet their diversity re...

Language-enhanced generative modeling for amyloid PET synthesis from MRI and blood biomarkers.

Assessment of amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) often relies on amyloid-beta positron emission tomography (Aβ-PET), but its clinical use is limited by cost and accessibility. We developed a language-enhanced generative framework to synthesize Aβ-PET images from T1-wei...

High–spatiotemporal resolution deuterium metabolic imaging enables in vivo phenotyping of intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity

Intra- and intertumoral heterogeneities raise fundamental biological questions and have important implications for accurate cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. These heterogeneities reflect tumor complexity, including a pronounced diversity in metabolic phenotypes and pro...

Computational Oncology of Chemotaxis-Driven Tumour–Immune Spatial Patterning and Stability

We develop a reaction–diffusion–chemotaxis model for spatial tumour–immune–chemokine dynamics that couples logistic tumour growth, immune-mediated killing, chemokine-dependent immune recruitment, chemotactic migration, and signal production. For the non-dimensional system, we est...

Modular Sensory and Morphological Adaptations Underlying Fresh-Fruit Exploitation in Drosophilid Flies

(1) Background: Drosophilid flies oviposit in damaged or fermenting substrates, whereas D. suzukii prefers to lay eggs in ripening fruits. This ecological shift requires females to recognize fruit-stage cues while overcoming the mechanical barrier imposed by fresh-fruit surfaces....

Unveiling the cooling effects of urban green spaces in Eastern China: spatial heterogeneity, diurnal asymmetry, and nonlinear margins of 2D/3D features

Urban green spaces (UGS) play an important role in mitigating urban heat island effects. However, the mechanisms underlying their cooling effects are still not fully understood, particularly regarding the role of three-dimensional vegetation structure and nonlinear threshold resp...

Inferring tumor dependency maps from histopathology through imputed transcriptomics

Gene dependency maps from cancer cell lines define context-specific essential genes, but comparable dependencies in tumors remain largely inaccessible. This gap limits the identification of actionable therapeutic vulnerabilities. Here we present a two-stage deep learning framewor...

Diffusion‐Driven Macromolecular Self‐Organization Enables Conformal Perovskite/Silicon Tandems

ABSTRACT Industrial deployment of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells is limited by the difficulty of forming thick, defect‐controlled wide‐bandgap (WBG) perovskite layers that conformally coat micron‐textured silicon while retaining interfacial passivation. Here, we introduce...