Research works
The research papers we track — the newest first. Works with a plain-language summary link to it.
35527 work(s)
- Society & EconomicsOpen access
Over the past two decades, the world has experienced significant and relentless increase in environmental degradation, measured through carbon emissions (CO2). These emissions have been one of the persistent global concerns. South Africa boosts abundance of natural resources and...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
A Survey of Distributed Asynchronous Many-Task Models and Their Applications
Asynchronous many-task (AMT) runtime systems have become an important paradigm for expressing fine-grained parallelism and managing asynchrony in high-performance computing (HPC). Originating from early dataflow concepts, AMTs have evolved to enable dynamic task generation, expli...
- Materials & EnergyOpen access
Photorefractive tuning seeded by third-harmonic light in a diamond photonic crystal cavity
Single-crystal diamond nanocavities have tremendous potential for use in quantum and nonlinear optical technologies. The ability to precisely control their resonant frequencies is essential for many applications, and $\textit{in situ}$ tuning is particularly desirable. In this wo...
- Materials & EnergyOpen access
An orbifold framework for classifying layer groups with an application to knitted fabrics
Abstract Entangled structures, such as textiles and architected materials, are often doubly periodic. Owing to this property and their finite transverse thickness, the symmetries of these materials are described by the crystallographic layer groups. While orbifold notation provid...
- BiologyOpen access
Mendelianization: Concentrating Polygenic Signal Into a Single Causal Locus
ABSTRACT Complex disorders such as depression and alcohol use involve numerous genetic variants, and implicated loci continue to grow with sample size. This proliferation hampers interpretability, as the mechanisms by which so many variants jointly contribute to pathophysiology r...
- Materials & EnergyOpen access
<title>Abstract</title> This study focuses on the synthesis of Nano Zeolite-X from industrial sludge generated by a wastewater treatment plant using a sol-gel method. The fundamental structure of zeolites is an aluminosilicate framework composed of a tetrahedral arrangement of si...
- BiologyOpen access
Tuning Viscoelasticity of Dynamic Covalent Hydrogels for Human Tissue Modeling
ABSTRACT The development of three‐dimensional (3D) in vitro tissue culture models is critical for biomedical research. Hydrogel‐based systems have become preferred scaffolds for 3D models, as they have tunable viscoelastic properties, which are well‐known to influence cell morpho...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Pragmatics beyond Humans: Meaning, Communication, and LLMs
The paper argues that the emergence of large language models (LLMs) requires a conceptual and methodological reconsideration of pragmatics. It first challenges the traditional positioning of pragmatics within the semiotic trichotomy of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics, suggestin...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Abstract Background Traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) encompasses a wide range of healthcare practices and is of growing global interest. Preprints, scientific manuscripts posted prior to formal peer review, offer opportunities to address challenges in T...
- BiologyOpen access
Photoperiodic Effects on Early Plant Development in Everbearing and Seasonal Flowering Strawberry
ABSTRACT In recent years, interest in vertical farming systems for strawberry cultivation has increased. Because of the increased costs associated with these systems, optimal use of resources, such as cultivation space and light, is a requirement. This necessitates a detailed und...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
While excess rainfall is associated with mosquito-borne disease because it supports mosquito breeding, drought may also counterintuitively increase disease transmission by altering mosquito and host behavior. This phenomenon is important to understand because climate change is pr...
- Climate & EnvironmentOpen access
ABCDscores: an R package for computing summary scores in the ABCD Study®
Abstract The ABCD Study® is the largest longitudinal research study of brain development and child health across the United States. The study generates a rich multimodal dataset, including file-based raw and derivative data and a curated tabulated dataset comprising data from a b...
- BiologyOpen access
The extreme diversity of retinal amacrine cells has deep evolutionary roots
Amacrine cells (ACs) comprise a heterogeneous class of inhibitory neurons in the vertebrate retina, exhibiting morphological and functional complexity rivaling that of cortical interneurons. Here, we integrate single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomic atlases from 24 vertebra...
- BiologyOpen access
Lessons learned from a Kaggle challenge for particle picking in cryo-electron tomography
Abstract The difficulty of particle picking in cryo-electron tomography remains a barrier to routine in situ structure determination. Machine learning is well-suited to overcome this bottleneck with efficient algorithms that generalize across molecular species. To spur new algori...
- BiologyOpen access
From Neuropeptides to Toxins: Illuminating the Origins of Venom Complexity in Cone Snails
Abstract New genes and gene functions are key drivers of evolutionary innovation. Venomous animals, such as cone snails, provide striking examples of gene innovation, yet the mechanisms by which toxins arise remain poorly understood. Using the Conus textile genome, we uncover how...
- Engineering & TechnologyOpen access
Computer-Vision-Enabled Worker Video Analysis for Motion Amount Quantification
The performance of physical workers is significantly influenced by the extent and quality of their motions. However, accurately measuring and assessing these motions remains a challenge due to the limitations in conventional instrumentation; wearable sensors require calibration a...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Despite Antarctica's geographic isolation, the first incursion of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 was detected in the 2023/2024 austral summer. Surveillance for HPAI H5N1 in Antarctica remains patchy due to logistical, financial and infrastructure challenges, with...
- BiologyOpen access
ABSTRACT Perceptual judgements and their subjective evaluation (i.e., metacognition) are considered tightly coupled aspects of decision-making. Yet, emerging evidence suggests that distinct neural mechanisms underlie these processes. In motion perception, studies have identified...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
A mathematic model has been developed relating the drug sensitivity of a tumor to its own spontaneous mutation rate towards phenotypic drug resistance. The proportion as well as the absolute numbers of resistant cells will increase with time and the fraction of resistant cells wi...
- Physics & SpaceOpen access
The Origin and Necessity of Cosmic Quantization
Previous work (Chen, 2026b) established the uniqueness of cosmic presentness and stipulated that the single-step state difference is physically semantically indivisible (Axiom 6), but did not prove why the values of such changes must be discrete. This paper rigorously fills that...