Research works

Towards clinical implementation of artificial intelligence in cancer care: concept mapping analysis of provincial workshop findings

Abstract Background Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly garnered interest in healthcare. Cancer care’s multidisciplinary nature and high coordination demands are well positioned to benefit from AI. While attitudes toward implementation of AI in medicine have been explored ge...

Assessment of unsuppressed viral load and its determinants among pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV in the prevention of vertical transmission programme in Bugesera District, Rwanda, 2023

Abstract Background Prevention of vertical transmission (PVT) of HIV programs are designed to prevent the transmission of HIV during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Nevertheless, attaining viral suppression among mothers living with HIV remains a major challenge, especially in resou...

Modeling Nonstationary Extreme Rainfall for Updating Intensity–Duration–Frequency Curves across Indian Cities under Changing Climate

Abstract Nonstationarity in extreme rainfall, driven by an intensifying hydrological cycle under a changing climate, challenges the reliability of conventional stationary intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves used in hydrologic design. Analyzing annual and seasonal timeframes...

Increasing Rate of Pott’s Puffy Tumor Hospitalizations Among US Children

BACKGROUND: Pott's puffy tumor is a rare complication of sinusitis characterized by osteomyelitis of the frontal bone with subperiosteal abscess, often with intracranial sequelae. Although complications of sinusitis increased after the pandemic, it is unclear whether rates of Pot...

Enhanced TetracyclineDegradation by a GaOOH@PDA/PESPhotocatalytic Membrane through S-Scheme Heterojunction Formation:A DFT-Guided Experimental Study

Abstract In this work, we rationally designed and fabricated an S-scheme GaOOH@PDA heterojunction under the guidance of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Compared with pristine GaOOH, the as-fabricated GaOOH@PDA heterojunction exhibited nearly doubled photocurrent den...

Acute adaptations in dynamic torque and torque control to practicing with known and unknown sequences of concentric and eccentric muscle contractions in healthy young adults

Abstract Background During human movement, the neuromuscular system continuously adapts to varying and differently predictable demands. Practicing with sequences of known and unknown types of muscle contractions could train force control of muscle. We compared the acute effects o...

Chemical investigation and anti-trichinellosis activity of some ficus species leaves: in silico supported in vitro study

Abstract Background Worldwide, trichinellosis is a zoonotic illness. Albendazole (ALB), the nowadays anti-trichinellosis drug, has side effects and insufficient effectiveness. Ficus species have ubiquitous health benefits. The current work aimed to assess the in vitro anti-trichi...

Trimetallic Single-AtomAlloys: Active Site Synergyor Most Reactive Atom Dominance? The Case of RhPtCu(111)

Abstract Elucidating how different atomically dispersed dopant atoms interact and control reaction pathways is central to the rational design of trimetallic single-atom alloys (SAAs). Here, we investigate CH3rI decomposition on Cu(111), PtCu(111), RhCu(111), and RhPtCu(111) trime...

Is Free-Energy Minimisation a Generative Principle or a Privileged Representation of Self-Maintaining Dynamics?

The free energy principle (FEP) is used both as a representation of organised dynamics and as a candidate account of the mechanisms that produce them. We separate these claims in artificial systems whose controllers were specified by proportional–integral–derivative control, rewa...

An Icosahedral Six-Well Construction for the Max-Mid Strain Constraint: A Candidate Counterexample via Convex Integration

Miller and Sawyer introduced the max-mid class of square-integrable trace-free symmetric matrix fields and conjectured that its intersection with the strain constraint space L^2_st is trivial. This preprint considers six trace-free symmetric matrices associated with the six unori...

Endemic Ehrlichia canis infection in a dog from Ireland: case report

Abstract Background Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, caused by Ehrlichia canis , is a tick-borne disease of dogs. We report the first confirmed case of endemic Ehrlichia canis infection in a dog from Ireland, with no travel history. Case presentation A six-year-old female neutered...

Migration crimes in the horn of Africa: examining policies, legal frameworks, and strategies to tackle vulnerabilities and the humanitarian-security nexus

Abstract Migration-related crimes, such as human trafficking and smuggling, are key issues in the Horn of Africa, affecting Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia. These problems stem from socioeconomic instability, conflict, fragile governance, and porous borders. Ethiopia and...

Strict Total Positivity of Order Four for the de Bruijn--Newman Kernel

We prove that the de Bruijn--Newman kernel associated with the Riemann Xi function is strictly totally positive of order four. Let \[K(x,y)=\Phi(x-y),\] where \(\Phi\) is the classical positive even Riemann kernel. We establish that for every \[1\le m\le4,\] and every pair of str...

Spatiotemporal variability and trends of precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration in the Muger sub-basin of the Abbay basin Ethiopia

Abstract This study used time series data from 1980 to 2022 to investigate spatiotemporal changes and trends of precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration in Muger sub-basin. The coefficient of variation (CV), precipitation concentration index (PCI), and seasonality index...

Glimpse into the past: Analyses of the middle and inner ear of extinct rodents (Eusciurida; Rodentia; Mammalia) with implications for their locomotory behaviour

Abstract Rodentia is the most diverse and species-rich group of mammals, inhabiting almost all regions and ecosystems on earth. One of the most specialised subgroups is the Eusciurida, composed of Sciuridae, Gliridae, and Aplodontia rufa , and characterised by arboreal, fossorial...

Recurrent Deliberate Foreign Body Ingestion: Psychiatric Comorbidities, Management Strategies, and Ethical Considerations

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Recurrent deliberate foreign body ingestion (DFBI) is a high-risk, resource-intensive behavior most often associated with underlying psychiatric conditions. Although medical and surgical complications are well documented, the psychiatric drivers and optimal man...

MultidimensionalQuantitative Analysis of BiologicalResponses to DNA Nanoassemblies with Defined Structure and SurfaceChemistry

Abstract DNA nanoassemblies (DNs) have emerged as programmable platforms for biomedical applications; however, a quantitative understanding of how structure and surface chemistry jointly govern their biological behavior remains limited. Here, we establish a multidimensional analy...

Synergistic Microwave–ZwitterionicNaturalDeep Eutectic Solvents System for Selective Fractionation of PineappleLeaf Agro-Biomass, Enabling Multifunctional Lignin and BioethanolProduction

Abstract This study introduces a novel, rapid, and sustainable biorefinery approach for lignocellulosic biomass valorization, employing a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) system composed of betaine hydrochloride and lactic acid (15:85 w/w). Within just 4 min of microwave-ass...

The Psychology Behind Beliefs in Ghosts and Spirits

This independent research paper examines the psychological and social factors that may contribute to beliefs in ghosts and spirits. Drawing on research from psychology and related fields, the paper explores how cognitive processes, thinking styles, personality characteristics, sl...

Challenges and barriers to musculoskeletal injury research in sub-Saharan Africa

Aims: Musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, research into MSK injuries is hampered by significant challenges and barriers, particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Our aim was to identify the most important...