Yale University

UltrafastSwitchable Polar and Magnetic Orders byNonlinear Light–Matter Interaction

Abstract An outstanding challenge in materials science and physics is the harnessing of light for switching ferroic orders in, e.g., ferroelectrics. Here, we propose a mechanism through which electrons in few-layer 2D materials excited with above-bandgap light cause ionic structu...

Tracking the baryon number with nuclear collisions

Baryon quantum number is found to be conserved since baryogenesis in the early Universe. Conventionally, each fractionally charged valence quark is understood to carry one-third of a baryon number. An alternative hypothesis posits that baryon number is instead carried by a baryon...

Perspectives on an Intervention to Increase Confidence in Newborn RSV Immunoprophylaxis

OBJECTIVES Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunoprophylaxis is efficacious, yet uptake is low in comparison with other recommended newborn interventions. We aimed to identify barriers to and enablers of implementation of an intervention in the well newborn unit to increase par...

Nanoscale Formation,Structure, and Stability of Phosphate-IronColloids at Anoxic-Oxic Interfaces

Abstract The mobility of phosphorus (P) at anoxic–oxic interfaces is largely controlled by the formation of phosphate-iron (Fe) colloids, yet the nanoscale mechanisms underlying their formation, structure, and stability remain poorly described. Here, we systematically investigate...

LRP5-dependent transport of polyunsaturated fatty acids serves as an immune checkpoint for natural killer cells

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a crucial role in tumor development by influencing not only tumor cells but also immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. Here, we explored the mechanisms by which PUFAs are transported and function within immune cells to regulate t...

Oral Contraceptive Use Has Protective Effect Against Ankle Sprains in Women

Background: Ankle sprain (AS) is among the most common musculoskeletal injury, particularly in women. Hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle may contribute to this sex disparity by affecting ligamentous laxity and muscle stiffness. While oral contraceptive pills (OCPs)...

Routine collection of patient reported outcomes in individuals with peripheral artery disease visiting a vascular specialty clinic: workflows, performance metrics, and clinical phenotypes

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in peripheral artery disease (PAD) provide valuable insights when assessing meaningful health status improvement after intervention. This study implemented routine PRO workflows in a large academic PAD practice to assess feasibility expressed as c...

Physical activity reduces mental health burden in adults with a history of adverse childhood experiences

BACKGROUND: Adverse childhood experiences (ACES) are associated with health issues that can persist into adulthood including mental disorders, behavioral problems, and suicide. Physical activity (PA) is a potential tool in response to these burdens as it is profoundly beneficial...

Palliative care documentation in gastrointestinal bleeding hospitalizations: national trends and associated care patterns

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) often affects older, medically complex patients, yet national patterns of inpatient palliative care documentation in GIB are unknown. We aimed to characterize trends and factors associated with palliative care documentation and examine...

Weak and strong memories are equally reactivated during counterfactual learning, but only weak memories are modified

Adaptively updating memories about familiar others is an important social skill. Here, we examined whether strong or weak social memories are more prone to updating when violated. Participants viewed well-known characters’ emotional reactions to food items either repeatedly or on...

Burden of Disease in Pediatric Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia: A Literature Review

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is an ultra-rare, paraneoplastic syndrome caused by tumors secreting fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). In children, TIO may be mistaken for more common causes of rickets and osteomalacia, including monogenic forms, leading to long diagnostic de...

Bankruptcy Prediction from 10-K Narratives: Evidence from Interpretable Text Scores and Accounting Baselines

This study examines whether context-validated acute distress disclosures in annual Form 10-K filings improve bankruptcy-risk ranking beyond accounting variables. The analysis links U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission filing data, Item 7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis te...

Estradiol and Social Withdrawal in Addiction: A Sex-Specific Neuroendocrine Perspective

Abstract Addiction models have traditionally emphasized drug rewards while often underestimating the role of social processes in relapse vulnerability. Converging evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggests that social withdrawal during substance use and abstinence ma...

Meaning in Religious Contexts: Examining Beliefs in Free Will and Determinism (or Divine Sovereignty and/or Providence) as Christian Meaning Frameworks With Religious Commitment as Moderator in a Moderated Mediation Model

This study examined the associations among beliefs in free will and determinism (or divine sovereignty and/or providence), meaning in life (MIL), and meaning judgment, as well as whether religious commitment moderates these associations. Guided by the Tripartite Meaning in Life M...

Right hippocampal volume and attenuated psychotic symptoms distinguish subgroups of youth with common patterns of temporoparietal effective connectivity

Abstract Associations between patterns of brain connectivity and brain structural features have transdiagnostic relevance to psychopathology. There is considerable evidence for disruptions to the hippocampus and temporoparietal brain systems in psychotic disorders. The present st...

Projected lives saved and economic value of mRNA cancer immunotherapies in the United States

Messenger RNA (mRNA) technology helped prevent millions of deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic and is emerging as a promising cancer treatment modality. Early-phase trials suggest mRNA immunotherapies can improve overall and recurrence-free survival. However, the U.S. Department...

Identification of a key water molecule involved in the macrophage migration inhibitory factor‐catalyzed tautomerization of para ‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate using neutron crystallography

Neutron crystallography was used to determine a 2.5-Å resolution all-atom structure of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) interacting with 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-pyruvate (HPP). MIF is a pro-inflammatory, pro-tumorigenic protein that may be an attractive therapeutic target...

Gender-affirming psychiatry: a minority stress and phenomenological framework for child and adolescent mental health

This perspective article introduces Gender Affirming Psychiatry (GAP), a conceptual framework that integrates queer phenomenology, the gender minority stress model, and gender-affirming care to guide psychiatric assessment, formulation, and treatment of transgender and gender div...

Voters Support and Are Willing to Pay for Local Climate Adaptation Policies

Cities across the United States are increasingly turning to local climate policy as national climate action stalls. Yet, public opinion research on local climate policies remains sparse. I conducted two national surveys ( N = 4,000) measuring respondent willingness to pay (WTP) a...

Calr-mediated calcium buffering: a molecular barrier to in vivo cardiac reprogramming

In a recent publication in Cell Stem Cell , Cai et al. 1 employed an in vivo Perturb-seq strategy to systematically identify molecular barriers that limit direct cardiac reprogramming following myocardial infarction (MI). This study provides a conceptual and technological framewo...