University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Entrepreneurship training and entrepreneurs' perceptions of ability: A randomized control trial in Tanzania

Abstract Research Summary This study examines whether training entrepreneurs to apply systematic approaches to strategic decision‐making influences their self‐perception of ability. Using a field experiment in which 151 entrepreneurs in Tanzania were randomly assigned to two diff...

“She cannot use these methods before she has at least one child”: a qualitative study on family planning attitudes, knowledge, and experiences among adolescent girls and young women living with HIV in Moshi, Tanzania

Abstract Background Each year, about half of pregnancies in adolescents (15–19 years of age) are unintended, and the rate of adolescent pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa is twice the global rate. Adolescent pregnancies have similar social determinants as those of HIV acquisition, r...

Racial microaggressions in prenatal care settings and perceived quality of prenatal care among Black/African American women

In the United States, Black/African American (AA) women face significant health disparities, including higher rates of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (APOs). This is despite increased utilization of prenatal care (PNC) over time, which is a critical intervention for identifying and m...

How Equity and Quality Are Considered by Cancer Centers Offering Practice-Integrated Telehealth Visits: A Qualitative Study

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic forever changed health care delivery and led to a rapid uptake in telehealth visits. However, the quality and equity of these visits compared to in-person visits are unknown. This analysis interviewed oncology practitioners to understand how US...

Patient and Caregiver Expectations for Patient Portal Communication With Providers: Perspectives From an Academic Geriatric Primary Care Practice

BACKGROUND: Electronic patient portals play an increasingly important role in healthcare delivery, facilitating communication between patients and providers. Little is known about how and why older adults and their caregivers use the electronic patient portal and perceive its val...

Investigative Stops and Neighborhood Change: A Spillover Analysis of Chicago Police Beats

This research tests for a spillover effect in the association between discretionary police contact and neighborhood economic and racial change at the police beat level in Chicago, Illinois. Spatial Durbin lag and error models are fit for 269 police beats, using investigative stop...

Examining the Validity of Message Evaluation Measures in the Context of Youth E-Cigarette Prevention

Despite the routine use of a variety of message evaluation (ME) measures (e.g., perceived message effectiveness) in formative research for tobacco education campaigns, studies assessing the validity of these measures for predicting actual message effectiveness (AME) (e.g., intent...

Are components of the histone gene expression machinery functionally repurposed in terminally differentiated cells?

The expression of metazoan replication-dependent histone genes is controlled by NPAT and U7 snRNP. NPAT activates transcription of histone genes during S-phase, whereas U7 snRNP is a multi-subunit endonuclease that cleaves the resultant transcripts at the 3' end, yielding mature...

LINGO1-targeted antibody-drug conjugates improve efficacy and tolerability of antineoplastic therapies in Ewing sarcoma models

We reported LINGO1 as a potential marker on Ewing sarcoma cells that could enable targeted drug delivery, improving treatment effectiveness while reducing side effects.

SUBSTANDARD HOUSING AS A DRIVER OF MENTAL HEALTH DISPARITIES IN VANCE AND GRANVILLE COUNTIES, NORTH CAROLINA

This proposal addresses the need for safe, stable, and affordable housing in Granville and Vance counties. In Granville and Vance counties, housing instability contributes to negative mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety, and stress. Renters are disproportionately i...

UNC5B regulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through a SRC-ZEB1 signaling axis to facilitate pancreatic cancer metastasis

Metastatic dissemination is the principal cause of death in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), yet the molecular determinants that enable this process remain poorly understood. Here, we identify the axon guidance receptor UNC5B as a central regulator of PDAC metastasis. Usi...

Outcomes of a Novel Full-Service, Free Ophthalmology Clinic-Within-A-Clinic: A Four-Year Longitudinal Study.

PURPOSE: We evaluate the Clínica Esperanza Ophthalmology Service, a free service for uninsured patients in southern New England. METHODS: The service operates monthly under a novel clinic-within-a-clinic model, existing as a subsidiary of a local free clinic. A mixed-methods prog...

Building the toolkit to address malaria resurgence and radical cure of vivax malaria in Ethiopia: a meeting report

Abstract Ethiopia has experienced a substantial resurgence in malaria in recent years, with increasing case numbers and a growing contribution of Plasmodium vivax in several regions. At the same time, new evidence supporting improved radical cure strategies, including high-dose p...

A Randomized Hybrid Type I Effectiveness-Implementation Study of an eHealth Delivery Alternative for Cancer Genetic Testing for Hereditary Cancer (eREACH2): study protocol

Abstract Background Germline cancer genetic testing has become a standard evidence-based practice, with established risk reduction and cancer screening guidelines for genetic carriers. There are also targeted treatments for some genetic carriers with cancers such as breast and ov...