University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Mental Health in Regularly Collected Nationally Representative U.S. Surveys: What’s Measured and What’s Missing?

Abstract To document the availability and quality of mental health measures in regularly collected national surveys in the United States. We conducted a review of the mental health measures included in eight publicly available health-focused recurring surveys capable of producing...

Dual Character Concept Terms: A New Case for Polysemy

The claim that dual-character concept terms are polysemous is often understood to be supported solely on the basis that it provides an elegant explanation of the normativity of normative generics. Understood so narrowly, this hypothesis has been vulnerable to challenges from comp...

Asymptotically Optimal Scheduling of Multiple Parallelizable Job Classes

Modern computing workloads are often composed of parallelizable jobs. A parallelizable job can be completed more quickly when run on additional servers. However, each job can only use a limited number of servers, known as its parallelizability level, which is determined by the ty...

HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy Influence Tumor Microenvironment Architecture, Subclonal Evolution, and Immune Evasion Strategies in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and tumor heterogeneity shape prognosis and therapeutic response in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), but HIV-associated (HIV+) DLBCL remains poorly understood. To characterize the TIME and tumor-intrinsic features of DLBCL across a s...

Developmental trajectories of tonic and phasic irritability from ages 12 to 21: early predictors, co‐development, and psychiatric outcomes in young adulthood

Background Irritability is a common and impairing, transdiagnostic feature of youth psychopathology. Theory distinguishes tonic irritability (persistent irritable mood) from phasic irritability (episodic temper outbursts), yet little is known about how these dimensions co‐develop...

Inside the regulatory process of developing and implementing cannabis warnings: a qualitative study

Abstract Background In 2025, 59.4 million adults used cannabis in the past year. Many states have legalized medical or adult-use (also known as recreational or non-medical) cannabis, and each state oversees related cannabis regulations, including developing warnings on cannabis p...

Associations between substance use by type and HIV viral suppression across multiple cohorts in the US

Substance use among people with HIV (PWH) represents an important obstacle to further reductions in HIV transmission. Using data from a diverse collection of five studies including people with HIV in care and those in community cohorts, we report results for analyses of the assoc...

Platelet GPVI drives fibrotic lung remodeling

Platelets are a major reservoir of bioactive mediators, including growth factors such as transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), that regulate vascular repair and tissue remodeling. Beyond these classical functions, platelets also participate in inflammatory hemostasis through ac...

Management of Type 2 Diabetes, 2026. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)

The American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes convened a panel to update the consensus statement on the management of type 2 diabetes in nonpregnant adults, published since 2006 and last updated in 2022. The target audience is the multid...

Leveraging conversations: The role of extended feedback and linguistic structures in prekindergartners' vocabulary development

This study investigated the unique and combined contributions of extended teacher feedback—information, expansion, and vocabulary comments, along with follow-up questions—and associated linguistic structures (lexical diversity, complex syntax, and high-utility academic vocabulary...

Consensus-based clinical and research recommendations for use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the context of eating disorders: a modified Delphi study.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), initially developed for type 2 diabetes management and later expanded to obesity treatment, have shown preliminary efficacy in reducing binge eating episodes. However, the appetite-suppressing and weight-loss effects of GLP-1R...

Electronic Consultation-Driven Penicillin Allergy Delabeling in Pregnancy.

We evaluated an electronic consultation (e-consult) pathway for penicillin allergy delabeling in pregnancy in a retrospective cohort of patients referred between November 2022 and December 2024. Obstetric clinicians submitted structured allergy histories to allergists who recomme...

Assessing model error in counterfactual worlds

Counterfactual scenario modelling exercises that ask 'what would happen if?' are one of the most common ways we plan for the future. Despite their ubiquity in planning and decision-making, scenario projections are rarely evaluated retrospectively. Differences between projections...

Generative diffusion models for spatiotemporal influenza forecasting

Forecasting infectious disease incidence can provide important information to guide public health planning, yet is difficult because epidemic dynamics are complex. Current mechanistic and statistical approaches often struggle to capture multimodal uncertainty or emergent trends....

Single-Port Versus Multiport Robotic Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Single-port (SP) robotic surgery has emerged as a reduced-access alternative to conventional multiport (MP) robotic colorectal surgery. However, its comparative perioperative benefits remain uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared outcomes between...

Flooding-driven sanitation failure and enteric disease risk in urban informal settlements: Cholera as an illustrative case for climate-resilient sanitation in low- and middle-income countries

Climate change is intensifying rainfall extremes and urban flooding, amplifying public health risks in settings with fragile sanitation and drainage systems. In dense urban informal settlements, floods can overwhelm onsite sanitation and fecal sludge management systems, causing p...

ARMA-Design: Optimal Treatment Allocation Strategies for A/B Testing in Partially Observable Experiments

Online experiments are frequently employed in technological companies to evaluate the performance of a newly developed policy, product, or treatment relative to a baseline control. In many applications, the experimental units receive a sequence of treatments over time. To handle...

NavDx (ctHPVDNA) recurrence detection in surgically treated human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Human papillomavirus (HPV+)-positivity in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a favorable prognostic indicator though 10–25% of patients will experience progressive disease within 3 years of treatment. This project assesses the validity of circulating tumor HPV DNA (...

Genome wide transcriptional changes underlie gradual and recurrent adaptation to protein malnutrition in zebrafish

Lysosome-rich enterocytes (LREs) are a specialized population of intestinal cells that mediate the uptake and absorption of dietary proteins in fish and neonatal mammals. Loss of LRE function causes inhibited growth and poor survival due to protein malnutrition. Previously, we re...

Rehabilitative and Conditioning Exercises That Selectively Activate Individual Lower Extremity Muscles: A Systematic Review

CONTEXT: Resistance training - the process of progressively overloading muscle fibers - is fundamental to muscle hypertrophy. People may benefit from intentional exercise prescription targeting selective muscle activation. There is a lack of synthesized literature on exercises ta...