University of Michigan

Sharp cell type boundaries emerge from coordinated morphogen signaling

Classic models of the French flag problem depict sharp cell type boundaries emerging from threshold responses to morphogen gradients. How discrete cell type boundaries arise from morphogen signals that vary continuously across developing tissues remains incompletely understood. W...

Markers of microvascular instability predict severity and survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Introduction Most research on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has focused on the interplay among fibroblasts, the immune system and epithelial cells. There is growing evidence that microvascular dysfunction also plays a role in disease progression, but large human translation...

Not all accuracy is equal: Prioritizing independence in infectious disease forecasting

Ensemble forecasts have become a cornerstone of large-scale disease response, underpinning decision making at agencies such as the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Their growing use reflects the goal of combining multiple models to improve accuracy and stabili...

Prenatal exposure to wildfire fine particulate matter and fetal growth outcomes in the United States: Findings from the ECHO Cohort

Background: Increasing exposure to wildfire fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) may pose unique risks to fetal development. We assessed associations between prenatal wildfire PM 2.5 exposure and fetal growth outcomes, including birth weight at term, birth weight for gestational age...

Calculation of Field-line Slippage Rates in Coronal Simulations

Abstract We present the universal Slippage calculator ( USlip ), an extension of the universal Fieldline Tracer ( UFiT ), which computes magnetic field line slippage rates from an input magnetic field defined on a structured grid. The slippage rate provides a local, physically gr...

Anthropogenic nitrogen deposition restructures decomposing microbial communities, altering SOM molecular composition, but not molecular complexity or diversity

Soil organic matter (SOM) consists of diverse biochemical constituents, spanning a spectrum of chemical complexity, and the relative abundance of these substrates influences microbial metabolism and soil carbon persistence. However, mechanistic controls governing these processes...

Building better citation practices in public health research: Practical considerations for student researchers, from source discovery to crafting and positioning claims

Discovering, selecting, and citing sources to craft claims is fundamental to public health research and writing. Sources influence our research questions, shape our methodological approaches, connect our work to the broader public health literature, and affect how successfully ou...

Three-dimensional reconfigurable magnetic microswarms with boundary-transcending capabilities

Swarm behaviors are prevalent in nature and have inspired many engineering designs. However, achieving artificial swarms capable of reversibly migrating through fluids against gravity and transcending physical boundaries, such as solid–liquid and liquid-air interfaces, remains ch...

Thioamide‐Enabled Anodic N‐Centered Radical Cyclizations

An anodic cyclization leading to the 6‐membered ring, bisamine‐heterocyclic core of the chrysosporazine family of efflux inhibitors, has been accomplished. The reactions proceed through a N‐based radical intermediate that is derived from the oxidation of a thioamide anion and ben...

The Luminosity Function of Ultrafaint Trans-Neptunian Objects Detected by JWST

Abstract We present a definitive discovery of 27 trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) using the Near-Infrared Camera aboard the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). By employing a shift-and-stack technique and a machine learning network geared specifically to identifying false-positive d...

Tozorakimab to Prevent COPD Exacerbations

BACKGROUND: Many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have exacerbations despite receiving standard-of-care inhaled maintenance therapy. Dysregulated interleukin-33 signaling is implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD. Tozorakimab is a monoclonal antibody tha...

Dust Substructures and Line Perturbations driven by a Forming Planet in J16120

Abstract Hints of planet formation have been independently reported within the gap of the disc around 2MASS J16120668-301027 from millimetre continuum, infrared, and Hα observations. In this work, we present new evidence for ongoing planet formation based on Atacama Large Millime...

Mutation Cycles from Reddening Sequences

Abstract Given two quivers, each with a reddening sequence, we show how to construct a plethora of mutation cycles. We give several examples, including a generalization of the construction of long mutation cycles in earlier work by the second author. We also give new results on t...

Fracture-Controlled Mechanical Behavior of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Incorporating Slag and Limestone Powder Under Static and Impact Loading

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is characterized by exceptional compressive strength; however, its structural performance is primarily governed by tensile behavior, fracture resistance, and energy dissipation. This study presents a comprehensive mechanical characterization...

OpenMRF : A Modular, Vendor‐Neutral Open‐Source Framework for Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting Using Pulseq

ABSTRACT Purpose Widespread adoption and methodological advancement of magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) are limited by the lack of unified, reproducible implementation frameworks and fragmented open‐source tools. To address these barriers, we introduce OpenMRF—a comprehens...

Opioid Overdose Risk and Recovery Barriers: A Mixed Methods Study of Perspectives From a Community

Objectives: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, opioid-related deaths in the United States have increased steadily during the past 20 years, contributing to a major public health emergency. In Nebraska’s most populous county, Douglas County, the drug over...

Patient-centred and fit-for-purpose clinical trials in rare cancers: lessons from sarcomas for operationalising 2024 WHO Guidance and ICH E6(R3)

Rare cancers account for approximately one quarter of cancer diagnoses in Europe, yet prevailing clinical trial governance frameworks were developed for common malignancies and conventional randomised designs. The 2024 WHO Guidance for best practices for clinical trials and ICH E...

Radiology considerations for the PREMIUM study: a multicenter randomized controlled trial of abbreviated MRI versus ultrasound for liver cancer screening in cirrhosis

Abstract This paper describes the rationale and radiology considerations in the implementation of the Preventing Liver Cancer Mortality through Imaging with Ultrasound versus MRI (PREMIUM) study. PREMIUM is a multicenter, randomized controlled trial sponsored by the Department of...

Visual Guidance in Dynamic Search: How Augmented Reality Cue Properties Shape Performance

Visual search is critical in real-world tasks, from soldiers identifying hazards to drivers locating people or objects. Augmented reality head-mounted displays (AR-HMDs) can aid search by overlaying visual guidance on the user’s field of view. However, it remains unclear which cu...

Cross-platformization: How U.S. right-leaning media curate their posts on Twitter and Truth Social

This study examines how seven right-leaning media organizations utilize cross-platformization strategies to reach audiences across multiple platforms; in this case, Twitter and Truth Social. Focusing on both content volume and story packaging, we collect right-leaning media organ...