University of Cologne

Approximate Factor Models for Functional Time Series

We propose a novel approximate factor model tailored for analyzing time-dependent curve data. Our model decomposes such data into two distinct components: a low-dimensional predictable factor component and an unpredictable error term. These components are identified through the a...

Maternal metformin treatment in obese pregnant dams normalizes neonatal sensory-motor reflexes

BACKGROUND: Maternal overweight and obesity have reached epidemic proportions over recent decades, with detrimental effects on offspring metabolism and neurodevelopment. Metformin, commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes, is being investigated for...

A systematic review of ultrasound to predict severe disease in patients with dengue and other viral infections associated with hemorrhagic fevers

Background Viral infections associated with hemorrhagic fevers (VaHFs) cause millions of cases each year across a broad geography with severity ranging from asymptomatic cases to clinical disease with a high case fatality rate. Commonalities in pathophysiology across VaHFs includ...

Orthostatic Hypertension: Clinical Spectrum and Gaps in Knowledge

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Orthostatic hypertension (oHT) is increasingly recognized as a clinically relevant but poorly understood disorder of autonomic blood pressure control. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the clinical spectrum and pathophysiology of oHT, e...

Pharmacological lipid-lowering therapies for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults with dyslipidaemia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES: This is a protocol for a Cochrane review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: Primary To compare the effects and safety of lipid-lowering therapies, including statin regimens (high intensity, moderate intensity, and low intensity), non-statin therapies, and...

Comparing different pathways to primary mathematics teaching using teacher competence measurement of the TEDS research program

Abstract Teacher shortages are a major challenge worldwide, especially in mathematics. In response, many countries have implemented measures to recruit graduates from fields other than mathematics teaching for alternative pathways into the teaching profession, offering an alterna...

Narrowband, angle-stable, and highly efficient polariton organic light emitting diodes employing thermally activated delayed fluorescence

Narrowband emission is crucial for next generation optoelectronic devices to satisfy demands for high color brilliance. Microcavities can narrow the emission spectra of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) through the creation of resonant standing waves, independent of emitter m...

Complete 64-state quantum comparison and retained field evolution

Two contacts can agree as a comparison while changing the systems that carry them. For an explicit pair of eight-state systems, we derive a comparison identity on all 64 states: its squared difference depends only on the relative field phase. We construct a unitary event that ret...

Source-Moment Constraints on Lattice Matter–Field Dynamics

Can the interaction between matter and light be determined before fitting an atomic energy? In a specified lattice contact family, prepared energy measurements determine the contact fractions and, once a frequency ratio fixes the field shape, all three positive coupling ratios. R...

Complete 64-state quantum comparison and retained field evolution

Two contacts can agree as a comparison while changing the systems that carry them. For an explicit pair of eight-state systems, we derive a comparison identity on all 64 states: its squared difference depends only on the relative field phase. We construct a unitary event that ret...

Source-Moment Constraints on Lattice Matter–Field Dynamics

Can the interaction between matter and light be determined before fitting an atomic energy? In a specified lattice contact family, prepared energy measurements determine the contact fractions and, once a frequency ratio fixes the field shape, all three positive coupling ratios. R...

Divergent c-MYC Expression Patterns in NET and NEC: Insights from a Multicentre Cohort of 1380 Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Abstract Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) comprise well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours (NET) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC), whose distinction is clinically critical. Although c-MYC alterations have been implicated in NEC pathogenesis, c-MYC expression across NEC subtyp...

Der Stellenwert des Lehrgebiets Kriminologie im Studium der Rechtswissenschaft – heute und vor fünf Jahren

Zusammenfassung Da eine starke Lehre Baustein für eine starke Wissenschaft ist, widmet sich dieser Beitrag dem Stellenwert des Lehrgebiets Kriminologie im Studium der Rechtswissenschaft. Empirisch untersucht wurde maßgeblich, wie und wo das Lehrgebiet Kriminologie in die Curricul...

VEGF ‐A Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapy Inhibits Corneal Neovascularisation and Enhances Graft Survival in Murine High‐Risk Corneal Transplantation

BACKGROUND: To investigate, for the first time, whether an unconjugated VEGF-A antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) can inhibit corneal neovascularisation and improve graft survival in a murine high-risk corneal transplantation model. METHODS: A suture-induced corneal neovascularisati...

BetaII-spectrin gaps and patches emerge from the patterned assembly of the actin/spectrin membrane skeleton in human motor neuron axons

The actin/spectrin membrane-associated periodic skeleton (MPS) is a cytoskeletal structure that supports axonal integrity and function. Lower spinal motor neurons (MNs) are characterized by exceptionally long axons and are particularly susceptible to degeneration in a wide range...

Effectiveness of an on-site vaccination campaign for patients with cancer

Abstract Background Patients with haematological or oncological malignancies are at increased risk of severe infections. Vaccination is a key preventive strategy and is recommended by National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs). Yet, vaccination rates in this populat...

Dual-task testing in adults with persistent postconcussive symptoms: a scoping review with conceptual mapping approach

Abstract Background Persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS) affect approximately 30% of individuals following mild traumatic brain injury, resulting in prolonged sensorimotor and cognitive disruptions. While traditional assessments focus on isolated subfunctions, they often fai...

Refining the average µ182W and µ142Nd compositions of the Archean to Proterozoic upper crust

The chemical composition of siliciclastic rocks provided key insights into the chemical composition of the upper continental crust and was suggested to record the onset of modern-style plate tectonics by ∼3.0 Ga. Recent studies aiming to establish the crustal µ 182 W and µ 142 Nd...

Coupling of hydrological drought and flood extremes under climate change in the Kamp catchment, Austria

Study region Kamp catchment, Austria Study focus This study developed a comprehensive framework to assess consecutive hydrological drought-to-flood (D-F) events. The framework integrates a performance-based selection of ÖKS15 climate projections for RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5, hy...

A pancreatic cancer organoid-macrophage co-culture using starPEG-heparin hydrogel deciphers tumor-immune cell interactions

Abstract Macrophages are among the most abundant immune cells in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumor microenvironment (TME) and play a key role in regulating the immunosuppressive niche that facilitates tumor growth. Although recent three-dimensional (3D) culture sy...