University of California San Diego

Combined Associations of Glycoprotein Acetylation With Lipoprotein (a) and hs‐CRP (High‐Sensitivity C‐Reactive Protein) on Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in MESA

BACKGROUND: Higher plasma glycoprotein acetylation (GlycA) concentrations are associated with an increased risk for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated the combined associations of GlycA with lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) and hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive prote...

Contrasting Cannabinoid Receptor 2 (CB2R)-Associated Responses in Two Different Cerebrovascular Endothelial Cell Lines in a Blood Brain Barrier Model in the Context of HIV

Despite the success of suppressive antiretrovirals, infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with several comorbidities which include negative consequences to the central nervous system (CNS), where disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major und...

Tryptoline stereoprobe elaboration identifies inhibitors of the GRPEL1–HSPA9 complex

Abstract Activity-based protein profiling has identified hundreds of human proteins from diverse classes that react at cysteine residues with stereochemically defined electrophilic compounds (stereoprobes). The structure–activity relationships underlying these stereoprobe–protein...

AmpliconSuite: an end-to-end workflow for analyzing focal amplifications in cancer genomes

Abstract Here we present AmpliconSuite, a toolkit for focal amplification analysis from cancer whole-genome sequencing that identifies extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), breakage–fusion–bridges and other amplification modes. Its ecContext module categorizes ecDNA structures to underst...

The expanding landscape of adult stem cell niches

Adult stem cells reside within specialized niches that provide the local instructions needed to sustain regenerative fitness. Since the recognition that stem cells are not autonomous, the concept of the niche has widened from a local collection of supportive cells into a landscap...

Global proteolysis during starvation governs proteome remodeling and a survival–regrowth trade-off in bacteria

Starving bacteria must synthesize stress proteins to survive, but how protein synthesis persists in the absence of nutrient influx is unclear. We show that in Escherichia coli , carbon starvation triggers large-scale proteome remodeling, with global proteolysis supplying both the...

A Modified Delphi Process to Identify Clinical and Research Priorities for Aging Transgender Adults

BACKGROUND: Aging transgender adults experience unique medical and social challenges, but limited data exist regarding healthcare needs and priorities. Identifying these can help guide transgender-informed, patient-centered care and aging research. METHODS: We employed a modified...

Disparities in late-stage cancer diagnosis across a multi-site academic health system

Abstract Background Disparities in cancer stage at diagnosis persist despite the availability of screening for several common cancers. We evaluated demographic, clinical, insurance, and neighborhood-level factors associated with late-stage diagnosis in a multisite academic health...

Data-Driven Reduced-Complexity Modeling of Fluid Flows: A Community Challenge

We introduce a community challenge designed to facilitate direct comparisons between data-driven methods for compression, forecasting, and sensing of complex aerospace flows. The challenge is organized into three tracks that target these complementary capabilities: compression (c...

Edited HSPCs rescue frataxin deficiency and inflammation-driven multisystemic pathology in Friedreich’s ataxia mice

Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA) is a multisystemic neurodegenerative disorder caused by GAA repeat expansion in intron 1 of frataxin ( FXN ), resulting in FXN deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction. Current therapies do not correct the underlying genetic defect. Here, we demonstrate...

Quantifying the Spin–Optical Properties of Bent π-Carbene Molecular Qubits

Abstract Through spin-selective intersystem crossings (ISCs) among photoexcited electronic states, organic π-diradicals can be spin-polarized by optical excitation, positioning them as long-lived, tunable, and scalable qubits. Recent advancements have utilized triplet π-carbenes...

A systematic fluorescently tagged protein toolkit for dissecting apical extracellular matrix patterning in C. elegans

Barrier epithelia are shielded from the external environment by their apical extracellular matrices (aECMs). The molecular complexity of aECMs has challenged understanding of their organization in vivo. To define the molecular architecture of a model aECM we generated a toolkit o...

Sex work or male-with-male sexual activity and the risks of HIV and hepatitis C acquisition among people who inject drugs: a global systematic review and meta-analysis

Background People who inject drugs (PWID) may engage in sexual behaviours that increase their HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) risk, including sex work and male-with-male sexual activity. We undertook a global systematic review to assess whether PWID who engage in these behaviours...

Association of Irreversible Electroporation Treatment with Overall Survival in Stage III Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: DIRECT Registry Results

Abstract Background Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is used in selected patients with Stage III pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but its association with survival relative to standard-of-care (SOC) therapy remains uncertain. Methods This multicenter observational study...

Emotional intelligence and happiness in academic librarians: A cross-sectional analysis

The authors conducted a mixed-methods study to examine emotional intelligence and happiness of academic librarians in a cross-sectional analysis following up on previous studies. The researchers sought to understand whether respondents who rated themselves as highly emotional int...

Stathmin 1 regulates mitophagy and non-proliferative cellular function in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells

Stathmin 1 is a cytoplasmic phosphoprotein that regulates microtubule dynamics. Stathmin 1 expression is a feature of proliferating cells, and it is overexpressed in many cancers, including leukemias. In contrast to its roles in proliferating cells, considerably less is known of...

Machine Learning on Heterogeneous, Edge, and Quantum Hardware for Particle Physics

The next generation of particle physics experiments will face an era of challenges in data acquisition, due to unprecedented data rates and volumes along with extreme environments and operational constraints. Harnessing these data for scientific discovery demands real-time infere...

Identification of venues for HIV prevention interventions through overlapping HIV transmission and venue elicitation networks

BACKGROUND: Understanding the role of physical venues in HIV transmission may be advantageous for targeting HIV prevention efforts, especially among groups experiencing high HIV incidence. SETTING: Large public clinic in Mexico City, Mexico. METHODS: We analyzed data from 7,502 p...

Improving neuropathological reconstruction fidelity via AI slice imputation

Neuropathological analyses benefit from spatially precise volumetric reconstructions that enhance anatomical delineation and improve morphometric accuracy. Prior work has shown the feasibility of reconstructing 3D brain volumes from 2D dissection photographs. However, these outpu...

Development and Validation of a Coronary Artery Calcium Volume and Density Score

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring is a useful tool for coronary heart disease (CHD) risk prediction. The current standard method, the Agatston score, weights plaque area upward by density. However, higher density is inversely associated with CHD. We aimed to devel...