University of California, Berkeley

Adaptive Randomized Pivoting and Volume Sampling

Abstract. Adaptive randomized pivoting (ARP) is a recently proposed and highly effective algorithm for column subset selection. This paper reinterprets the ARP algorithm by drawing connections to the volume sampling distribution and active learning algorithms for linear regressio...

Worth Their Weight: Randomized and Regularized Block Kaczmarz Algorithms without Preprocessing

Abstract. Due to the ever growing amounts of data leveraged for machine learning and scientific computing, it is increasingly important to develop algorithms that sample only a small portion of the data at a time. In the case of linear least-squares, the randomized block Kaczmarz...

Neonatal Dried Blood Spot Metabolomics Reveals Signatures of Early‐Onset Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

ABSTRACT The etiology of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) is poorly understood. We investigated the possible role of early‐life exposures in the pathogenesis of MPN diagnosed among children and young adults in a population‐based case–control study in California. Untargeted meta...

Mechanisms of intracellular pH gating and local anesthetic inhibition of the two-pore domain K + channel TASK-2

TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ channel 2 (TASK-2) is a pH sensing two-pore K + (K2P) channel that regulates respiration in brainstem neurons and systemic pH homeostasis in kidney. Despite its physiological importance and implication in disease, the molecular basis for intracellul...

Scalable Scenario‐Based Regional Earthquake Risk Assessment via Gaussianized Ground‐Motion‐Damage Modeling and PPCA

ABSTRACT In scenario‐based regional risk modeling, the traditional workflow simulates spatially correlated ground motions, and subsequently samples building damage states from lognormal fragility functions. In this procedure, the dimensionality grows with the number of assets ()...

Shared patterns of human milk composition link mammary gland function to infant growth

The mammary gland produces nutrient-rich human milk (HM), yet how mammary functional state shapes HM composition and infant outcomes remains poorly understood. We used HM multi-omics - metabolomics, proteomics, micronutrients, macronutrients, and HM oligosaccharides - across 1,54...

Thermodynamic and economic comparison of pressure shift freezing and isochoric pressurization without a hyperbaric pump

Abstract Pressure-assisted freezing produces frozen foods with finer ice crystals, less drip loss and longer microbiological shelf life than conventional freezing, but its adoption has been limited because the conventional implementation, pressure-shift freezing (PSF), requires a...

Signatures of photospheric convection throughout the solar atmosphere: the EVE Sun-as-a-star mHz continuum

Abstract Convectively driven motions in the solar photosphere can generate broadband Doppler variability across the chromosphere, transition region and corona. Here we investigate this variability using “Sun-as-a-Star” observations from the Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experim...

Lysosomal Expansion Compartments Mediate Zinc and Copper Homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract Zinc is an essential transition metal that participates in many biological processes. In C. elegans, excess zinc is stored in lysosomes in intestinal cells; this process involves increasing the expression of the zinc transporter CDF-2 and remodeling of lysosomes characte...

Preservation of Isolated Vesicles in Submarine Pumice and Implications for Submarine Slope Stability

Abstract Pumice clasts from submarine eruptions contain abundant isolated vesicles that are completely encased in glass. As erupted clasts cool, gas inside isolated vesicles contracts, leading to low pressures inside those vesicles. Despite low pressures, isolated vesicles can be...

Violence as Capital: an Analytical Brief

Abstract I develop the notion of capital of violence, arguing that targeted physical force is the fifth, “forgotten capital” in Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of the four species of capital (economic, cultural, social and symbolic). Violence is a form of capital because it allows its p...

Learning Quantum Hamiltonians at Any Temperature in Polynomial Time

Abstract. We study the problem of learning a local quantum Hamiltonian [Formula: see text] given copies of its Gibbs state [Formula: see text] at a known inverse temperature [Formula: see text]. Anshu et al. [2020 IEEE 61st Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, pp....

Quantification of Contaminants and Proton Exchange in Garnet Phase Powders and Their Impact on Li+ Transport in Hybrid Electrolytes

Garnet-phase Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is a promising solid-state electrolyte in lithium metal batteries but suffers from contaminant formation upon exposure to ambient conditions. We use a suite of analytical methods to quantify this contamination and the resulting protonation of Ta-d...

Collective Bargaining and Its Implications for Workers and Employers: An Introduction

Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

Phage-based depletion of Variovorax reveals interactions within intact microbiomes

Abstract Background Testing microbial interaction hypotheses, including metabolite cross-feeding, remains a major challenge in microbiome research. Phages have the potential to probe organism-organism interactions within complex microbiomes yet are rarely utilised for this purpos...

Voxel-Based Simulation and Optimization Framework for Thermal Protection System Materials

When a spacecraft enters a planet’s atmosphere at hypersonic speed, its leading surfaces experience intense aerothermal heating. Porous ablative materials, typically composed of a fiber matrix and resin binder, are commonly used as thermal protection systems (TPS) to shield the v...

Selective PET imaging of bacterial infection using a glycosylated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-derived tracer

Abstract Distinguishing bacterial infection from non-infectious inflammation remains challenging because most clinical imaging detects the host inflammatory response rather than the bacteria themselves. The widely used glucose analogue 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose accumulates in metab...

Causes of life expectancy extension in Singapore, 2004–2022: Bridging past and present

Abstract Background Six decadesafter independence, Singapore saw a rapid unfolding of the demographic transition, reflecting the nation’s stellar economic rise. The evolution of age-cause contributions to recent lifespan extension and to its sex differentials is the central focus...

Narrow-Line-Width Electroluminescence in Monolayer WSe2 Enabled by a Sub-5 nm Au/Pt Nanogap

Abstract Spectrally isolated, electrically driven emission from localized states in two-dimensional semiconductors remains challenging in scalable planar devices. Here, we report narrow-line-width alternating-current electroluminescence (ACEL) from localized states in monolayer W...

Re-evaluating molecular clock maximum age calibrations revives pre-Ediacaran divergence estimates for animals

Divergent models persist for the emergence of animals. Lipid biomarkers suggest animals originated before 635 million years ago (Ma), but their body fossil record extends to only 574 Ma. Molecular clocks might differentiate between these records, but we demonstrate how their accu...