University of Calgary

Escherichia coli with penicillin-binding protein 3 insertions: implications for newer β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli with penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3) insertions appeared in the early 2000s and expanded during the 2010s. The YRIN and YRIK variants predominate globally, while other insertion types remain rare. These insertions frequently co-occur with carbapenema...

Genetic and behavioural repertoires support olfactory communication in wild capuchin monkeys

Olfaction is a key sense for many mammals, but its role in the social lives of anthropoid primates (monkeys, apes, humans) is poorly understood. Studies of chemosensory receptor genes and olfactory behaviours can provide insight into the evolution and function of olfaction across...

Association Between the Number of US Food and Drug Administration–Warned Anesthetic Exposures and Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient at Age 3 Years in Very Preterm Infants

Abstract In 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warned that general anesthetics and sedative agents in children younger than 3 years may impair neurodevelopment. Very preterm infants could be especially vulnerable because of brain immaturity. We examined the associati...

Incidence, Risk Factors and Management of Adverse Events in Contemporary Real‐World Care of Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

OBJECTIVE: We describe the frequency, risk factors, severity, and management of actionable and serious adverse events (AAE and SAE) in children with newly diagnosed Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) in Canada. METHODS: We enrolled patients within 3 months of JIA diagnosis in th...

Beyond underrepresentation: narratives of identity and healing among Indigenous post-secondary student-athletes

Indigenous student-athletes remain underrepresented in post-secondary sport, yet limited research has examined how they experience and make meaning of participation within sporting and educational contexts. Guided by narrative inquiry and Clandinin and Connelly’s three-dimensiona...

A grounded theory study of return-to-contact following concussion in Canadian adolescent girls rugby

Drawing on qualitative interviews with adolescent girl rugby players, coaches, and healthcare professionals, this study explored the psychosocial processes through which return-to-contact following concussion is negotiated in Canadian adolescent girls rugby. Data collection and a...

Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Related Hospitalizations Among Infants Receiving Nirsevimab

Importance Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of hospitalization among infants. Nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody that protects against severe RSV, was publicly funded for all infants in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec starting in the fa...

Centering equity, diversity and inclusion in environmental evidence synthesis: from awareness to action

Abstract Knowledge generated through evidence synthesis is an approach that decision-makers can take to inform policy and management decisions. Evidence syntheses, such as systematic reviews, provide quantitative and qualitative summaries of this evidence, using structured method...

Anomalies in regional cortical morphology and associations with neurocognitive function in children with prenatal cannabis exposure and unexposed comparisons

Prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE) is associated with neurocognitive impairments in childhood, but the underlying neurodevelopmental process remains unclear. In analysis of a subset of data from a prospective cohort of children (age 7–8 years, n = 56) with and without PCE in the US...

Cognitive reserve and everyday functioning in cognitively unimpaired older adults: evidence from the CAN-PROTECT study

Abstract Background Cognitive reserve (CR) is thought to buffer against the clinical manifestation of dementia, preserving cognitive function despite accumulating pathology. However, less is known about how CR relates to the capacity to independently perform activities of daily l...

Does child exposure to different discipline types vary by religion of caregiver in religiously diverse Trinidad and Tobago?

Background Some United States' (US) studies report that children in Conservative Protestant households are more exposed to physical punishments than children in other Christian and non-religious households. However, few studies examine the relationship between caregiver religion...

Chorus Wave‐Induced Ionospheric Variability

Abstract Electron microbursts are short‐lived but intense electron precipitation and constitute a significant source of electron losses into the ionosphere and lower atmosphere. They are primarily produced by wave‐particle interaction with chorus waves in the magnetosphere. We in...

Balancing data quality and participant burden: a comparative analysis of abbreviated vs extended symptom diaries in the CanTreatCOVID trial

Abstract Background Symptom diaries are widely used in acute respiratory infection trials to capture patient-reported symptom severity and recovery. Longer questionnaires may provide a more complete clinical picture but can increase participant burden and reduce adherence. Eviden...

Investigating acute-to-subacute neuroanatomical outcomes and the role of sex and age in adolescent concussion: A PedCARE+MRI substudy

Background Limited research has examined acute-to-subacute neuroanatomical trajectories following adolescent concussion. To investigate acute-to-subacute longitudinal changes in cortical thickness and subcortical volume following adolescent concussion, we compared neuroanatomical...

Tree-based structural equation model for assessing measurement invariance in patient-reported outcome measures

Evidence of measurement invariance (MI) is essential to ensure that scores based on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are comparable across groups or over time. Conventional methods for evaluating MI in PROMs are mostly group-based methods that require that relevant diffe...

Effectiveness of Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors for Postoperative Pain Management Using Multidimensional Pain Assessment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Although selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX‑2) inhibitors are commonly used in perioperative pain management, it is uncertain whether these anti-inflammatory agents meaningfully improve postoperative recovery, including the impact of pain on daily functioning. METHODS: T...

Novel therapies for refractory idiopathic inflammatory myopathy-associated interstitial lung disease

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases in which interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent extra-muscular manifestation and a major driver of morbidity and mortality. ILD occurs most commonly in antisynthetase syn...

End processing in NHEJ by Polymerase λ and PNKP is coordinated during short-range synapsis

Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a major pathway of DNA double strand break (DSB) repair, capable of directly joining both damaged strands of DNA through the coordinated activities of repair factors that detect the termini, physically bridge them together, and perform the che...

TMA-Grid: an open-source, zero-footprint web application for FAIR tissue microarray de-arraying

Tissue microarrays (TMAs) significantly increase analytical efficiency in histopathology and large-scale epidemiologic studies by allowing multiple tissue cores to be scanned on a single slide. The individual cores can be digitally extracted and then linked to metadata for analys...

Non‐contrast CT Markers of Hematoma Expansion and Andexanet Response in Factor Xa Inhibitor‐Associated Intracerebral Hemorrhage: An Analysis from ANNEXa ‐I Trial

In this post hoc analysis of the ANNEXa-I trial (n = 434), we evaluated non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) markers of hematoma expansion (HE) in factor Xa inhibitor (FXai) -associated intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). At least one NCCT marker was present in 72.1%, and HE (≥12....