University of Calgary

Photon Absorption Remote Sensing Virtual Histopathology: A Preliminary Exploration of Diagnostic Equivalence to Gold-Standard H&E Staining in Skin Cancer Excisional Biopsies

Background: Photon Absorption Remote Sensing (PARS) enables label-free imaging of subcellular morphology by observing absorption interactions. Coupled with deep-learning, PARS produces label-free virtual hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images in unprocessed tissues. This study evalua...

From Wastewater Treatment to Energy Recovery: Advances and Perspectives in Electrochemical Oxidation—A Critical Review

Electrochemical oxidation (EO) is a versatile, advanced oxidation process (AOP) for the treatment of persistent and recalcitrant pollutants in wastewater. This critical review examines recent advances in EO, with emphasis on oxidation mechanisms, electrode materials, reactive spe...

Mask-guided stereo vision technique for crack depth estimation of concrete bridge deck

Durability of reinforced concrete structures depends on early detection and accurate assessment of damage that accelerates reinforcement corrosion and long term deterioration. Cracks on bridge decks allow moisture and chloride ingress, making crack depth an important indicator of...

Incidence and factors associated with fusobacterium infection: prospective from a population-based cohort study

Fusobacterium species infections present a diverse clinical burden, yet population-based data on their epidemiology and risk factors for bloodstream infection remain sparse. We aimed to characterize the clinical epidemiology of Fusobacterium and identify risk factors of bloodstre...

Neurologic Stability During Tafamidis Treatment in Transthyretin Amyloidosis with a Mixed Phenotype: A Multicenter Real-World Study

Real-world evidence on the effect of tafamidis in mixed-phenotype transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis (ATTR amyloidosis) is limited. This study assessed changes in neurologic and other measures in patients with mixed-phenotype ATTR amyloidosis treated with tafamidis free acid 61 mg f...

Reporting of Sociodemographic and Equity-Related Factors in Emergency Department Pain Trials for Children: A Scoping Review

Context: Effective management of children’s acute pain in emergency departments (EDs) is essential, yet health disparities exist. The applicability of evidence to diverse pediatric populations depends on clear demographic reporting. The PROGRESS-Plus framework identifies social d...

Ant brain metabolomics reveals contrasting purine and amine dynamics in a reversible trematode-induced host manipulation

Abstract The neurochemical mechanisms underlying parasite-induced host manipulations remain poorly understood. Formicid ants infected with lancet fluke, Dicrocoelium dendriticum, attach to vegetation with their mandibles during cool conditions, facilitating ingestion by grazing m...

Evidence for dromaeosaurid scavenging on Albertosaurus (Dinosauria: Tyrannosauridae)

Abstract Direct evidence of trophic interactions in the fossil record (e.g., feeding traces, stomach contents) are key to understanding predator–prey relationships between extinct species and reconstructing ancient ecosystems. Recently discovered associated cranial material of an...

Genomic global epidemiology and evolution of Escherichia coli ST131 clade A

During the 2010s, Escherichia coli ST131 clade A tested sensitive to most antibiotics. In the 2020s, Europe experienced outbreaks of fluoroquinolone-resistant ST131-A that contained CTX-M β-lactamases and OXA-48-like carbapenemases. We investigated the acquisition of different an...

Astrocytic activity in treatment-resistant and ultra-treatment-resistant schizophrenia

Astrocytic dysfunction has been implicated in schizophrenia, but biomarkers of astrocytic activity have shown inconsistent patterns. Studies on disease heterogeneity, specifically treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) and ultra-treatment-resistant schizophrenia (UTRS) are lacki...

VLM-Mapper: Multimodal vision-language models for prior guided lane-level HD map construction

The automated construction of High-Definition (HD) maps from remote sensing data is essential for modern intelligent transportation systems and spatial data infrastructure. While imagery provides a scalable solution for lane-level HD map construction, traditional discriminative m...

An international multicenter analysis of the outcome of pediatric first variceal hemorrhage

Background & Aims: Management of portal hypertension in children including primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding is controversial due to limited understanding of mortality risk after first variceal hemorrhage (1VH). This international multicenter study was designed to advance...

Foliar Chitosan, Paraburkholderia tropica and Bacillus infantis Alter Chitinase and β-1,3-Glucanase Activity Independently of Meloidogyne spp. Infection and Reduce Nematode Reproduction in Tomato

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are the most economically important group of plant-parasitic nematodes worldwide. We tested whether foliar elicitors induce defense enzymes in leaves and reduce nematode reproduction in the roots of the same plants. Tomato cv. Santa Clara, w...

Multivariate analysis identifies distinct latent components and highlights the contribution of motor cortex neurochemistry to clinical variance in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is marked by substantial clinical heterogeneity across motor and extramotor domains, yet how different neuroimaging modalities jointly relate to this heterogeneity remains poorly understood. Prior ALS neuroimaging studies have largely...

Microbiome ecology and antibiotic treatment failure: resistance spread, microbial competition and community engineering

The failure of antibiotic treatment is a growing concern, driven in large part by the rising incidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Increasing evidence points to the importance of microbial competition in preventing the colonization of disease-causing pathogens and the spre...

The silent pandemic: the overlooked toll of stroke compared to COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic will be remembered as one of the defining health crises of the modern era. The World Health Organization reported approximately 7 million deaths attributed to COVID-19 globall...

Benefits and Harms of Herbal Medicines for Preventing and Treating Acute Respiratory Infections: An Overview of Systematic Reviews

ABSTRACT Hundreds of herbal medicines are currently marketed for the management of acute respiratory infections (ARIs). However, there is uncertainty about their benefits and harms, and clinical guidance remains unclear. Our objective was to evaluate the benefits and harms of her...

Establishing Stakeholder Priorities for Development of a Multi‐Arm Multi‐Stage Platform Trial in Crohn's Disease

ABSTRACT Background and Aims The expanding range of advanced therapies for Crohn's disease (CD) has increased complexity in treatment selection, particularly in refractory disease. Conventional randomised controlled trials are limited in evaluating multiple treatment strategies e...

Physical Activity and Risk of Liver Cancer: A Competing Risk Analysis

Physical activity is associated with lower risk of liver cancer, but obtaining an unbiased estimate of the causal effect is challenging due to the competing risk of death due to any other cause. We performed a causal competing risk analysis to estimate the total effect of physica...

Sartans and Bisartans: Expanding Therapeutic Horizons Through Broad Receptor Interactions and Repurposing Potential

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), also known as sartans, are a family of highly selective angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists commonly prescribed to individuals with hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. Additionally, the discovery and facile synthes...