The University of Tokyo

Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Water Hyacinth-Derived Biochar for Fuel and Soil Amendment Applications: Japanese Model Applied to Ethiopian Context

This study assesses life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from water hyacinth (Pontederia crassipes; WH) biochar production and its subsequent use as fuel or soil amendment in Ethiopia. Overgrowth of WH in Lake Tana has created ecological and socioeconomic challenges, while t...

Coordination-Driven Transport in Chloroaluminate Electrolytes

Abstract Transport in electrolytes reflects both the stability of coordination complexes and their dynamic reorganization through chemical bond association and dissociation. Establishing an atomistic description of how the dynamic coordination governs equilibrium speciation and t...

Subthreshold early white-matter hyperintensity increase predicts accelerated hippocampal and whole-brain atrophy in anti-amyloid-β immunotherapy

Background Anti-amyloid-β (anti-Aβ) therapy slows cognitive decline but paradoxically accelerates whole-brain gray matter atrophy, complicating outcome prediction. Objective To identify early imaging markers that predict long-term prognoses. Methods This longitudinal cohort study...

PercolationMechanisms in Transient Polymer Networksacross Dilute and Semidilute Regimes

Abstract Percolation in transient polymer networks remains poorly understood because reversible cross-links continuously reorganize the network structure. In this study, we investigated percolation in transient polymer networks by independently controlling network connectivity an...

Machine learning force field molecular dynamics simulation of SEI formation on lithium metal

Abstract Lithium metal batteries represent a cornerstone technology for next-generation energy storage systems owing to their exceptional energy density. However, the extreme reactivity of lithium metal drives continuous parasitic reactions with electrolytes, causing interfacial...

Pressure-SelectiveMagnetic Switching via SpatiallySeparated Soft Interlayer and Rigid Charge-Transfer Intralayer

Abstract We report a pressure-responsive molecule-based magnet featuring a layered cyanido-bridged Co–W assembly, [{CoII(4-phenoxypyridine)4}3{WV(CN)8}2], exhibiting a distinct pressure-selective magnetic behavior. The compound forms two-dimensional charge-transfer layers with la...

Parathyroid hormone exposure frequency regulates spatiotemporal coupling during bone remodeling in a functional bone model

Abstract Bone homeostasis is maintained by coupling, in which osteoclast-mediated bone resorption is followed by osteoblast-mediated bone formation at the same site. Parathyroid hormone (PTH), including the PTH(1-34) analog, exerts distinct anabolic and catabolic effects on bone...

Flexible cognition, perceived conflict, and self-monitoring in autism spectrum condition

Social adaptation often requires balancing interpersonal conflict with flexible responses to others’ expectations and self-monitoring. However, the mechanisms linking these processes remain unclear. This preliminary study aimed to examine whether perceived interpersonal conflict...

Impulse-induced liquid jets from bubbles with arbitrary contact angles

This paper investigates the relationship between the contact angle of a spherical bubble attached to a tube submerged in a container and the jet speed induced by an impulsive acceleration at its base. While it has been well established that bubble geometry strongly influences the...

Acetylcholine enhances deviance detection in Hodgkin-Huxley neuronal networks

Abstract The brain’s ability to detect unexpected events, deviance detection (DD), is critical for survival. While DD has been computationally explained by synaptic plasticity, the role of neuromodulators like acetylcholine (ACh) remains less understood. Here, we examine how ACh...

Review of Particle Physics *

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,200 new measurements from 903 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and b...

The syntax-phonology interface of Left Branch Extraction

Abstract Locality of dislocation has been one of the central issues in linguistics since Ross’s (1967. Constraints on variables in syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT dissertation) seminal paper. One of the locality conditions that Ross describes is the Left Branch Condition, which prohib...

Monolithic Porous Polymer Architectures for Visible‐to‐UV Upconversion‐Driven Photochemical Reactions

ABSTRACT Triplet–triplet annihilation‐based photon upconversion (TTA‐UC) expands the accessible spectral window for photochemical transformations by generating high‐energy photons from low‐energy excitation. Although TTA‐UC has been widely demonstrated in solution and in various...

Synthesis ofUnsymmetrically 1,3,5-TrisubstitutedArenes via Site-Selective Sequential Silylation and Borylation

Abstract A catalytic, site-selective silylation and borylation sequence allows the synthesis of unsymmetrically 1,3,5-trisubstituted arenes. A spirobipyridine ligand bearing a “steric roof”, in combination with iridium creates a catalyst that recognizes the shape of a monosubstit...

Marine-DegradableParamylon Ethers and Ether–EsterDerivatives with Tunable Thermoplasticity and Controlled DissolutionBehavior

Abstract Paramylon, a β-1,3-glucan from Euglena gracilis, is a promising renewable feedstock for biodegradable plastics, but its dense hydrogen-bonding network limits thermoplastic processing. Methyl paramylon (PaMe), ethyl paramylon (PaEt), and paramylon methyl acetate ether–est...

Facilitating the supplementary motor area activity reduces variability of ball arrival position in accurate ball throwing performance

Maintaining high accuracy during rapid, dynamic movements is a significant challenge for the central nervous system. The supplementary motor area (SMA) is a key cortical region for orchestrating motor commands and regulating movement variability, yet its causal contribution to ma...

Stable core-encapsulation of indium-111 in crosslinked polyionic complex micelles and assessment of its biodistribution

Radioactive isotopes, such as Indium-111 ( 111 In), are pivotal for highly sensitive noninvasive imaging and targeted radiotherapy. However, achieving stable in vivo retention remains a critical barrier. Conventional nanocarriers typically rely on surface-bound chelators, exposin...

MC-NODE: A Mechanism-Decomposed Neural Differential Model for PLGA Microsphere Drug Release Prediction and Attribution

Background/Objectives: Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres support long-acting drug delivery, but their release profiles are difficult to predict because burst release, diffusion, polymer degradation, and formulation-dependent effects interact across multiple time scal...

Exploratory NLP Analysis of Ideathon Presentation Content: Cambodia (2023–2025) and Thailand (2025)

Ideathons and pitch competitions have expanded rapidly as experiential learning devices, but the textual artefacts they produce—presentation slides—remain under-examined. This study applies interpretable computational text analysis to 104 ideathon decks (1289 content slides) from...

Complete Mitral Valve Reconstruction Using Fresh Autologous Pericardium in a Chihuahua with Infective Endocarditis: A Case Report

In humans, surgical repair is commonly performed for infective endocarditis (IE) associated with mitral valve destruction. However, extensive valve destruction may make repair impossible and require prosthetic valve replacement. In small-breed dogs, appropriately sized prosthetic...