The University of Osaka

Wannier Based Analysis of the Direct–Indirect Bandgap Transition by Stacking MoS 2 Layers

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ), a layered van der Waals material, has attracted considerable attention as a promising alternative to graphene for applications in field-effect transistors and nanophotonic devices because of its sizable band gap, high carrier mobility, large on/off...

Development and characterization of low-scattering vanadium nanoparticle targets for short-range interaction searches

We developed high-purity vanadium-based nanoparticle targets for neutron scattering experiments aimed at exploring gravity-like short-range new interactions in the submicron regime. Vanadium and V-Ni nanoparticles were fabricated using top-down and bottom-up methods and quantitat...

Cesarean delivery and overweight at 6 years of age: a prospective cohort analysis of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

Abstract Cesarean delivery (CD) has been suggested as a potential risk factor for childhood overweight and obesity; however, evidence beyond early childhood remains inconsistent. We examined the association between CD and childhood overweight at age 6 years and explored early lif...

Chiral discrimination of amino acids in meteorite and desert soil extracts via single-molecule nanogap conductance

Life on Earth uses L-amino acids and D-sugars, whereas abiotic processes produce equal abundances of both enantiomers. Detecting enantiomeric excess among molecules of biological interest has therefore been proposed as a potential biosignature for life beyond Earth. However, robu...

Diagnostic accuracy of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and bone scintigraphy for detecting bone metastases in prostate cancer

Abstract Objective The performance of 18 F-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen ( 18 F-PSMA-1007) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and bone scintigraphy (BS) for detecting bone metastases in prostate cancer patients was compared. Materials and metho...

Nerandomilast is Associated With Altered Alveolar Epithelial Cell State Dynamics While Attenuating Fibrotic Remodeling in Pulmonary Fibrosis

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and life-threatening lung disorder characterized by excessive fibrogenesis and impaired respiratory function. Nerandomilast, a preferential phosphodiesterase 4B inhibitor, is currently approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis...

Total Synthesis of Antrimycins A and D

Abstract Antrimycins A and D were isolated from Streptomyces bacteria through a screening program for natural products with anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity. These compounds belong to a class of heptapeptide natural products containing four non-proteinogenic amino acids,...

Activity-Guided Identification of Pro-inflammatory Neutrophils with Dual Enzyme- and Metabolite-Activatable Fluorescent Probes

Abstract Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating leukocytes in the innate immune system. Primary neutrophils comprise multiple distinct subtypes that regulate antimicrobial defense and inflammatory diseases. Current fluorescent probes for imaging neutrophils cannot distingu...

Replanning human–robot collaborative tasks with vision–language models via semantic and physical dual–correction

Human–robot collaborative assembly requires robots to interpret ambiguous corrective instructions while producing physically executable motions. Vision–language models (VLMs) provide semantic reasoning but may select logically inconsistent targets or misjudge execution outcomes....

Renal function–adjusted initial JAK inhibitor dosing and outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis: from the ANSWER cohort study

INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: To evaluate clinical effectiveness and treatment persistence after renal function-guided reduced-dose initiation of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHOD: We analysed 368 adults initiating a JAKi in the ANSWER registry (2013...

Validity of Bone Mineral Density Measurements Using SONIALVISION G4: A Quantitative CT-based Evaluation

Abstract Introduction SONIALVISION G4 is a fluoroscopic imaging system equipped with a bone densitometry function calibrated against GE Healthcare dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements. However, evidence supporting the validity of in vivo bone mineral density (BMD)...

Sommerfeld enhancement from unstable final-state particles in dark matter annihilation

A bstract We study the Sommerfeld enhancement of the annihilation cross section of dark matter into heavier unstable particles. In this process, the annihilation products become non-relativistic near the kinematical threshold. If they experience long-range interactions with each...

From Instruction to Inheritance: Scaling Robot Learning Through Knowledge Circulation

Robot learning, particularly through vision–language–action (VLA) models, has rapidly improved the ability of robots to execute instructed tasks. However, the current mainstream paradigm of robot learning largely depends on one‐way instruction from humans to robots, lacking a cyc...

A repurposed pseudoenzyme enables redox- and acetylation-dependent control of CoA transferase

CoA transferases play essential roles in short-chain fatty acid and acyl-CoA metabolism, yet how their activities are regulated in response to metabolic signals remains unclear. Here, we show that a CoA transferase from Thermus thermophilus is controlled by a two-layer mechanism...

Shotgun metagenomic sequencing of serum extracellular vesicle-derived DNA enables microbial profiling in urothelial carcinoma

Shotgun metagenomic sequencing provides more detailed microbial information than 16 S rRNA sequencing but requires higher cost and larger sample volumes. We evaluated whether shotgun metagenomic sequencing could detect bacterial DNA in serum extracellular vesicles. Serum samples...

Pressure Evolution of Atomic Volume Systematics in Transition Metals

We investigated the evolution of the well-known parabolic dependence of atomic volume on atomic number in transition metals under extreme compression at pressures up to 400 GPa using density functional theory calculations. Our results reveal that the ambient-pressure parabolic tr...

Orbital-Selective Coexistence of Interlayer Spin-Singlet Formation and SDW Order with Anomalous Spin Reconfiguration in Bilayer Nickelate La 3 Ni 2 O 7 Revealed by 17 O-NMR

The spin structure of the spin density wave (SDW) order in the bilayer nickelate La 3 Ni 2 O 7 has been investigated using site-selective 17 O-NMR measurements on the inner apical O(1), outer apical O(2), and planar O(3,4) sites. Below T SDW (= 150 K), the peak of all planar O(3,...

ROS function during the early phase of vascular regeneration in Arabidopsis.

When vascular tissues are damaged, plants induce site-specific formation of vascular stem cells that proliferate and differentiate into xylem and phloem, restoring vascular continuity. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are rapidly generated at wound sites in response to...

Uncontrolled manifold analysis of center-of-mass control during gait before and after total hip arthroplasty in patients with hip osteoarthritis: a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study

Abstract Background Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an effective treatment for hip osteoarthritis (HOA), and postoperative gait analysis is important for evaluating recovery and designing rehabilitation strategies. However, conventional gait assessment has focused primarily on th...

Constrained Minimization for Extracting Unstable Periodic Orbits from Shell-model Turbulence

Developed turbulence represents a canonical example of chaos, whose dynamics can be characterized in terms of invariant solutions embedded within the turbulent attractor. We propose an algorithm for examining such invariant solutions based on a constrained minimization problem. S...