The University of Osaka

Beamstop-free small-angle X-ray scattering for multiscale structure measurement of high-energy-density plasma

The advent of free-electron lasers has enabled in-situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements of laser-produced high-energy-density plasma at solid density, with nanometer- and femtosecond-scale resolution. Such plasmas generally exhibit gentle density gradients, which...

The relationship between the use of fillers and Japanese proficiency: Focusing on OPI level assessment

This study employed a Cumulative Link Mixed Model (CLMM) to examine the relationship between Japanese learners’ filler use and OPI (Oral Proficiency Interview) level ratings. The results showed no significant association with proficiency for the i (い)-group, u (う)-group, ano (...

An Anti‐Amyloidogenic Approach to Specifically Block Memory Consolidation in Mice for Therapeutic Intervention

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health disorder triggered by exposure to a traumatic event, which manifests with anguish, intrusive memories, and negative mood changes. So far, there is no efficient treatment for PTSD other than symptomatic palliative care. Howe...

Autoimmunity induced by epigenome alteration affecting thymic Treg cell development

Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 3 (MBD3), an essential component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, controls chromatin accessibility at lineage-specific transcriptional enhancers and promoters during hematopoietic cell differentiation. Here, we have sh...

TFEB drives ER stress-induced apoptosis and limits cyst growth in polycystic kidney disease

Abstract Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by the progressive growth of renal cysts and loss of renal function. Here, it was demonstrated that transcription factor EB (TFEB) activation in cyst-lining epithelial cells enhances their susceptibili...

In-flight receiver calibration of the Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) by passive Earth observations

Abstract. Post-launch characterization of the receiver telescope of the laser altimeter is essential for achieving precise georeferenced planetary measurements and for radiometric calibration to passively measure surface reflectance. For the Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) aboard...

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Electroconvulsive Therapy and Association Between Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Increases and Nonrelapse

BACKGROUND: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective for severe psychiatric disorders, but relapse after a successful acute course of ECT remains common. Identification of biological predictors of relapse is therefore clinically important. In this exploratory prospective stud...

Belief-based Risk-Aware Anticipatory Navigation: Modeling Intention and Position Uncertainty for Safe and Efficient Robot Navigation

The increasing deployment of Automated Mobile Vehicles (AMVs) in warehouses requires efficient navigation in dynamic environments shared with human workers. Traditional safety strategies, such as stopping or slowing down, often reduce efficiency and do not account for human-robot...

Intrinsic Defect Energetics and Fluorine Doping Effects in Li2CO3 and Li2O2: A First-Principles Study

Abstract Lithium carbonate, Li2CO3, is a thermodynamically stable carbonate phase whose defect energetics are closely related to its stability and decomposition behavior in various lithium-based electrochemical systems. These properties of Li2CO3 are particularly important in lit...

Study on the effect of IJV supply terminal shape on airflow characteristics in a room with high heat load (ISHVAC2025)

In impinging jet ventilation (IJV) systems, supply terminal shape is a critical design factor. Although previous studies have shown that supply terminal shape affects indoor temperature and contaminant concentration distributions, the underlying aerodynamic mechanisms remain uncl...

ALIX-dependent small extracellular vesicles from tissue-resident mesenchymal cells regulate pancreatic β cell proliferation in obesity

Cells throughout the body release small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), including exosomes, that function as modulators of both local and systemic metabolism. Using mice in which ALIX, a key regulator of sEV biogenesis, was selectively deleted in PDGFRα + mesenchymal progenitors (...

Corneal epithelial regenerative medicine: lessons from somatic stem cell therapy toward iPS cell-based regeneration

Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is a severe ocular surface disorder caused by the loss of corneal epithelial stem cell function, and is clinically characterized by corneal neovascularization, opacity, and visual impairment. Conventional corneal transplantation for LSCD is limi...

Efficient Photocatalytic H2O2 Formation by a Porphyrin-TiO2 Hybrid Catalyst in Pure Water

Abstract Efficient production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has attracted much interest because of the growing importance of H2O2 as an energy source. In this study, we have developed photocatalytic H2O2 production in ultrapure water catalyzed by an organic–inorganic hybrid photoca...

Development of YO-01027-Derived Signal Peptide Peptidase Inhibitors with Reduced γ-Secretase Inhibition

Abstract Signal peptide peptidase (SPP) is an endoplasmic-reticulum intramembrane aspartyl protease required for hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein maturation, but many SPP inhibitors also inhibit γ-secretase. Here, we designed YO-01027-derived dibenzazepinone analogs to retain...

Treatment Outcomes for Gastric Cancer With Positive Peritoneal Lavage Cytology or Localized Peritoneal Metastasis

Importance In the era of modern systemic chemotherapy, the optimal treatment strategy for gastric cancer with positive peritoneal lavage cytology (CY1) and/or localized peritoneal metastasis (P1a) remains controversial. Objective To explore the optimal treatment strategy for pati...

Interfacial Polarization and Charge Transfer in Al13 Superatom–Organic Interfaces: Role of Frontier Orbital Overlap

Abstract Superatoms (SAs) have emerged as atomically precise building blocks for functional materials; however, their interfacial electronic interactions with organic substrates remain poorly understood, particularly in the absence of ligand protection. While most reported SAs ar...

From Flower Micelles to Flower Necklaces: Self-Assembly of Dodecyl Succinate−Modified Pullulan in Aqueous Solution

Abstract Fourteen pullulan derivatives bearing dodecyl succinate side chains (PulDDS) were synthesized from seven parent pullulan samples covering wide ranges of weight-average molar mass (Mw) and degree of substitution (DS). Their micellar structures in 25 mM aqueous NaCl were c...

Suppression of spectral gap and flat bands on a cuprate superconductor side-surface

Abstract Side surfaces of cuprate superconductors are expected to display a suppressed d -wave order parameter and zero-energy topological flat bands with a large density of states, making them susceptible to symmetry broken orders. Yet such surfaces have never been investigated...

Survival Results by the Prospectively Determined Clinical Staging for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Follow‐Up Study of JCOG1302A

ABSTRACT Background Long‐term overall survival (OS) of gastric cancer stratified by the prospectively determined clinical stage remains unclear. Methods This is an ancillary study of JCOG1302A, a prospective observational study that evaluated the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of...

Predicting the distribution of 16 tick species in Japan and its association with the occurrence of tick-borne diseases

Tick-borne diseases are a significant public health threat. Since the infection risk is directly associated with spatial variations of vector ticks, comprehensive data on their distributions are crucial for disease preparedness. Nevertheless, the difficulty of conducting field su...