Stanford University

HeartMate 3 in Pediatric and Complex Populations: Physiologic Rationale, Patient Selection, and Management Strategies

The HeartMate 3 (HM3) left ventricular assist device (LVAD), initially designed for adults, is increasingly utilized in children, small adults, and those with congenital heart disease (CHD), necessitating expanded knowledge and collaborative efforts. This review highlights key ph...

Pre-trained knowledge transfer with application in multisystem inflammatory syndrome subphenotyping in children

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe post-acute sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and presents with highly heterogeneous signs and symptoms. Disentangling the clinical manifestations of MIS-C by characterizing its subphenotypes can help iden...

Healthcare Utilization After Biologic Initiation for Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Background Biologic therapies for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) broaden options beyond endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and conventional medications. However, the short-term impact of biologic therapy on healthcare utilization relative to ESS is unclear. Objecti...

Inter-DropletElectric Fields Drive Water Redox Chemistryin Microdroplets

Abstract The chemistry of water microdroplets is often interpreted from the perspective of isolated droplet interfaces, although practical microdroplet systems more commonly exist as dense ensembles of interacting droplets. Here, we show that a closed reactor based on ultrasonic...

Conversational AI should fill the white space in mental health care, not replace humans

Abstract Conversational AI (CAI) is being rapidly deployed in mental healthcare, with much of the focus on chatbots delivering therapy directly to patients. However, this focus overlooks broader opportunities to improve mental healthcare as a system. Rather than replacing clinici...

Deciphering Kinetic Principles of Dual‐Anion Electrolytes for Extreme Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries

ABSTRACT Tailoring Li + solvation coordination has been recognized as a strategy to enhance the electrochemical performance of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) under extreme fast‐charging (XFC) conditions. Beyond weakening Li + solvation, increased Li–anion pairing plays a crucial ro...

Evidence for heavy iron isotopic enrichment at Earth’s core-mantle boundary

Ocean island basalts exhibit heavier and more variable iron isotopic compositions (δ56Fe) than mid-ocean ridge basalts, but the origin of these signatures remains unresolved. Here we investigate whether Fe-rich ultralow-velocity zones at the core-mantle boundary can provide a dee...

Trends in the Utilization of Two-Stage Versus Three-Stage Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis Among Privately Insured Patients With Ulcerative Colitis in the USA, 2007 to 2023

BACKGROUND: Ileal pouch anal anastomosis can be performed via 2- and 3-stage techniques, with similar short- and long-term clinical outcomes. 2-stage ileal pouch anal anastomosis became the predominant approach in the 2000s; whether this trend has continued remains unknown. OBJEC...

Duration of Therapeutic Hypothermia After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Importance Therapeutic hypothermia is widely used for neuroprotection following cardiac arrest, but clinical trials have not consistently demonstrated improved neurological outcomes, and the optimal duration of cooling remains uncertain. Objective To determine the duration of the...

Survey Authentication Challenges During a Geriatrics Knowledge Assessment Pilot

ABSTRACT Background In this methodological Brief Report, we describe a multi‐institutional survey authentication challenge encountered during pilot deployment of the Age‐Friendly Knowledge Assessment Tool (AF‐KAT), a geriatrics knowledge assessment for graduating medical students...

Congenital heart disease in pregnancy and severe maternal morbidity: A distributed data network study

Abstract Introduction Pregnant people with congenital heart disease (CHD) are a growing patient population in obstetrics, yet evidence on the risk for severe maternal morbidity (SMM) has largely been limited to studies that lack specificity for CHD. We conducted this study to dem...

Outcomes of early treatment in acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: a 24-month retrospective analysis

Abstract Background To evaluate structural and functional outcomes in patients with acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease, based on the timing of systemic corticosteroid (CS) initiation and the early introduction of noncorticosteroid immunomodulatory therapy (IMT). Methods Thi...

The Orbitofrontal Expansion for Extending Nasoseptal Flap Reach in the Frontal Sinus

Abstract Skull base defects involving the superior and lateral posterior table of the frontal sinus are challenging to reconstruct due to limited surgical access and restricted reach of available reconstructive options. External approaches are often required, increasing morbidity...

Morphology-based screening for sickle cell disease using low-cost automated microscopy and machine learning

Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) and β-thalassemia are the most common monogenic diseases, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries, where low-cost and accurate diagnostic tools are needed to reduce the global disease burden. Although the sickling test is c...

From Gene Editing to Exogenesis: Pigs as a Source of Immune-compatible Organs for Transplantation

The persistent shortage of human organs for transplantation has intensified efforts to develop alternative sources, specifically xenotransplantation and exogenesis. Xenotransplantation uses genetically engineered pigs to provide organs, tissues, and cells for clinical use. Signif...

Development and validation of a theoretical test for ultrasound-guided biopsy competence in the head and neck

PURPOSE: This prospective study is designed to test the validity of a multiple-choice question (MCQ) test in assessing theoretical knowledge of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biosy and core-needle biopsy of the head and neck. METHODS: Seven international experts reached...

Plain language summary of how acoramidis affects the total number of heart problems over time in people with ATTR-CM: findings from the ATTRibute-CM study

Plain Language SummaryWhat is this summary about?Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) happens when transthyretin (TTR) protein breaks apart, forming clumps that build up in the heart, making it harder to pump blood.People with ATTR-CM often go to the hospital multiple t...

Discussion: Educators leading change

The world is in crisis – again. Climate change, inequality, conflict and technology are sources of deep pain and anxiety. And around the world, too many politicians seem intent on deepening economic, environmental and social fault lines rather than healing them.We have been here...

Adapting the MasSpec Pen for noninvasive detection of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma

Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OCSCC) is a common and deadly form of head and neck cancer which disproportionately afflicts low- and middle-income communities. Since the majority of OCSCC lesions are visible within the oral cavity, visual exam-guided biopsy remains the stan...

Mapping pediatric cardiac troponin testing worldwide: results from the IFCC survey on emerging applications, standardization needs and access

OBJECTIVES: Limited guidance on the use and interpretation of cardiac troponin (cTn) testing in pediatric populations has restricted its broader adoption, despite the significant burden of congenital and acquired cardiac conditions in children. This survey aimed to evaluate globa...