Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Large language models for patient-centred evidence generation and use

Author preprint. Not peer reviewed. For patients with several health conditions, evidence for one disease may leave important questions about care unanswered. Large language models (LLMs) offer ways to help formulate these questions, examine the literature, and prepare requests f...

Algorithmic stratification in social media narrative framing: an agent-based testing of sex and educational disparities in career information access

Abstract This study investigates how social media algorithms create information accessibility gaps through an Agent-based Testing (ABT) approach. Using 640 controlled virtual accounts on REDnote (RED) varying by sex and educational levels, 96,000 career-related search results wer...

EXPRESS: The Critical Role of Spatial Working Memory in Mental Rotation: Evidence from a Dual-Task Paradigm

Shared neural mechanisms underlie working memory (WM) and visual mental imagery (VMI) processes, yet their functional relationship remains debated, particularly regarding the contributions of visual and spatial WM to VMI. The present study employed a dual-task paradigm in which p...

How circular economy reshapes aluminum demand and carbon emissions in the Chinese automotive sector

Vehicle electrification and lightweighting deepen the automotive sector’s reliance on wrought aluminum alloys. With limited recycling capacity, wrought aluminum supply relies heavily on primary aluminum production, leading to higher embodied carbon emissions. This study investiga...

Prosodic licensing and interpretive asymmetries of shenme in Mandarin Chinese

Abstract In Mandarin Chinese, the interpretation of the wh -word shenme ‘what’ varies across surface-identical constructions, raising long-standing questions about the role of syntax and prosody in clause typing. While previous analyses have focused on syntactic ambiguity or glob...

Unlocking Vacancy-Inherited Reconstruction of Metal-Organic Frameworks toward Water Oxidation

Abstract Elucidating the dynamic reconstruction pathways of electrocatalysts under oxygen evolution reaction (OER) conditions is essential for understanding the origin of catalytic activity, yet remains challenging. Here, using an oxygen-vacancy-rich nickel-based metal-organic fr...

Neurodevelopmental Toxicity of Tris(2,4-di- tert -Butylphenyl)phosphate: Mechanistic Insights from Laboratory Models and Implications for Human Health

Abstract Organophosphite antioxidants (OPAs) and their transformation products, novel organophosphate esters (NOPEs), are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, yet their toxicological profiles remain poorly understood. This study systematically characterized the neurodevelopment...

Intelligent multimodal classification of infantile vascular diseases based on ultrasound images

Infantile hemangiomas (IH) and venous malformations (VMs) often exhibit overlapping echogenic features in grayscale ultrasound images, necessitating color Doppler ultrasound for accurate diagnosis. Furthermore, some venous malformation patients develop painful phleboliths (vein s...

Multicenter Evaluation of Large Language Models Versus Hepatologists for Prognostic Prediction in Drug‐Induced Liver Injury

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) would progress to chronicity or death. Large language models (LLMs) may enhance clinical decision-making, yet their utility relative to physicians in DILI remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated their performance in predicting...

Kirkendall Effect-Driven Construction of Hollow Rare-Earth Silicate Nanospheres for Drug Loading

Abstract Monodisperse oxide nanoparticles have attracted attention for biomedical applications. However, conventional synthetic methods often provide limited control over particle size, morphology, and polydispersity. Herein, we report a bottom-up strategy for synthesizing hollow...

Digital Transformation of Supply Chains and Corporate Green Resilience: Evidence From China's Supply Chain Innovation and Application Pilot Cities

ABSTRACT Amid growing environmental pressures and sustainability challenges, understanding how institutional reforms enhance firms' ability to cope with green‐related disruptions is of substantial importance. Exploiting China's Supply Chain Innovation and Application Pilot Cities...

Abuse, neglect, and adolescent depression: distinct symptom networks and potential intervention targets

Childhood abuse and neglect may be associated with depressive symptoms through distinct developmental pathways, yet little is known about whether depressive symptom networks differ across trauma profiles. This study compared depressive symptom networks across abuse-only, neglect-...

Sinter-Resistant N-Doped Biomass-Derived Carbon-Supported Pd Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Phenol to Cyclohexanol

Abstract Selective hydrogenation of lignin-derived phenols provides saturated cyclic oxygenates relevant to renewable fuel synthesis. Pd nanoparticles were supported on N-doped biomass-derived carbon (Pd/NBC) and evaluated for consecutive phenol hydrogenation to cyclohexanol. Pd/...

High-fidelity computational fluid dynamics driven by exploratory active incremental learning: Characterizing oscillating cylinders from subcritical to critical Reynolds numbers

The operating Reynolds number of offshore risers often transitions from the subcritical to the critical Reynolds number range at engineering application, which results in distinctly different vortex-induced vibration (VIV) responses. Consequently, such complexities challenge both...

Glycosides from Cistanche tubulosa suppress intestinal ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis to ameliorate depression with intestinal dysfunction symptoms through regulating arachidonic acid metabolism

Abstract Background Depression is highly comorbid with intestinal dysfunction, yet antidepressant therapies are limited by suboptimal efficacy and frequent gastrointestinal adverse effects. Existing cellular and animal data support the potentially dual protective effects of total...

Nano-wrinkle waveguides for programmable polariton channeling

Abstract The intrinsic planarity of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) polaritonic media inherently limits the lateral confinement of vdW polaritons. Here, we transcend this geometric limit by introducing a deterministic strategy to engineer non-planar nano-wrinkle waveguid...

Reynolds-averaged closure modelling of the energy equation for compressible wall turbulence based on the bold italic k minus bold italic omega k − ω $\boldsymbol{k-\omega}$ equations

Wall cooling in hypersonic turbulent boundary layers produces an off-wall temperature maximum at which the turbulent heat flux vanishes, and the normally secondary turbulent kinetic-energy transport becomes locally important. We formulate an algebraic closure for the correspondin...

Bacillus velezensis SGTSH 0811 suppresses sunflower sclerotiniose by pathogen inhibition and host resistance induction

Abstract Sunflower sclerotiniose caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum threatens global sunflower production, the complete molecular antagonistic mechanisms of Bacillus velezensis biocontrol strains are still unclear. This study isolated rhizosphere strain SGTSH 0811 from healthy su...

Rapid and Efficient Organic‐Aqueous Two‐Phase Extraction of High‐Purity Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes

ABSTRACT Semiconducting single‐walled carbon nanotubes (sc‐SWCNTs) are promising building blocks for next‐generation nanoelectronics, yet their widespread application remains limited by the lack of rapid, scalable, and high‐yield purification methods. Here, we report a rapid orga...

Olink proteomics reveals immuno-inflammatory profile changes and potential regulatory mechanisms of non-suicidal self-injury behavior associated with depression in adolescent

Abstract Background N on- s uicidal s elf- i njury (NSSI) frequently co-occurs with adolescent depression. The underlying immunoinflammatory mechanisms and peripheral biomarkers remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify plasma proteins associated with NSSI in depress...