Purdue University West Lafayette

Tectonic escape from the Pangean megamonsoon via oceanic isolation modulated low-latitude hydroclimate

The assembly of the Pangea supercontinent during the late Paleozoic ice age drove Earth’s most intense megamonsoon. Although climate models predict a humid low-latitude eastern Pangean margin, widespread red-bed records indicate extreme seasonal oxidation, creating a conspicuous...

Co-Designing Modular Training to Upskill Auto Technicians for Emerging EV Repair and Maintenance Challenges

Electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly entering dealership service departments and independent repair shops, but training pathways for current automotive technicians have not expanded at the same pace. EV repair and maintenance require additional skills and knowledge related to...

Whole Grain Oats and Barley Products Modify Lipoproteins and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Adults: A 6-Week, Double-Blind, Parallel Design, Randomized Controlled Feeding Trial

Background/Objectives: Oats and barley are β-glucan-rich grains that may reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adults. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of products made with either whole grain barley or whole grain oats on CVD risk factors in adults. M...

Impact of induced rapid surface carbonation (IRS-C) treatment on the steel corrosion in reinforced concrete: a counterintuitive effect

Abstract Corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete is one of the main issues plaguing aging infrastructure worldwide. While concrete’s carbonation is usually associated with an increased risk of corrosion, this study proposes a counterintuitive method that uses carbonation of...

Microsynteny Analysis Clarifies the Early Diversification of Cypriniform Fishes

While genomic data are powerfully informative for phylogenetic inference, traditional sequence-based analyses can be confounded by issues like homoplasy and incomplete lineage sorting, leaving deep nodes unresolved. Synteny, the conservation of gene order along a chromosome, pres...

Microstructure-aware deep learning bridges atomistics to macroscale for shock-to-detonation prediction

The shock-to-detonation transition in energetic materials is governed by coupled processes at extreme temperatures, pressures, and strain rates spanning Ångstroms to millimeters and femtoseconds to microseconds. Traditional multiscale models fail due to the lack of equilibrium an...

A Comparison of Indoor and Greenhouse Acclimation of Lavender Cuttings: Effects of Monochromatic Blue Light and Daminozide Sprays

Abstract Monochromatic blue (MB) light has shown potential to stimulate rooting of cuttings acclimated in indoor controlled environments but often leads to excessive shoot elongation. Our objective was to compare shoot and root growth and morphology of lavender ( Lavandula ) cutt...

Counting fluorescent emitters with a single photon avalanche diode array

For decades, the photon counting histogram (PCH) was used as the sole method to quantify fluorophore numbers in a diffraction-limited focal volume. This technique combines spatial excitation profiles, and the distribution of photon counts to register the photon emission statistic...

Where Are the Most Influential Articles in Political Science Published?

ABSTRACT Where are the most influential articles in political science published? Drawing on citation data from the Web of Science, this article identifies the most-cited political science journal articles each decade from the 1940s through the 2020s. The results depict a changing...

Reinforcement learning framework for the mechanical design of microelectronic components under multiphysics constraints

Abstract This study focuses on the development of reinforcement learning-based techniques for the design of microelectronic components under multiphysics constraints. While traditional design approaches based on global optimization approaches are effective when dealing with a sma...

Strong field–driven subcycle band structure modulation and dephasing control

Over the past decade, ultrafast electron dynamics in the solid state have been extensively studied using various strong light-matter interaction techniques, such as high-harmonic generation. These studies lead to multiple interpretations of light-matter interaction in the strong-...

Topography-Mediated Nonlinear Responses of Soil Organic Carbon Stocks to Multi-Gradient Warming and Precipitation Shifts in Northeast China’s Temperate Mountain Forests

Soil organic carbon (SOC) in mountain forest ecosystems exerts critical controls over regional carbon balance and climate feedback loops. This study collected 209 stratified topsoil (0–30 cm) samples across temperate mountain forests of Northeast China, conducted a boosted regres...

ODIN: Confirmation and 3D Reconstruction of Six Massive Protoclusters at Cosmic Noon

Abstract Protoclusters represent sites of accelerated galaxy formation and extreme astrophysical activity characteristic of dense environments. Identifying massive protoclusters and mapping their spatial structures are therefore crucial for understanding how large-scale environme...

An Umbrella Review of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Mental Health Care

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in mental health care to address rising demand, workforce shortages and access barriers; however, evidence remains scattered across multiple systematic reviews, limiting synthesis and practical application. OBJECTIVE:...

Candida auris uses nutrient sensing to modulate virulence and host immune responses

The emergence of Candida auris as a pathogen required host adaptation and evasion of mammalian immunity, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. We discovered that C. auris uses nutrient sensing to tune its virulence traits and modulate immune activation in changing environment...

Risk management externalities in agrifood supply chains

Abstract Firms may under‐ or over‐invest in risk management from the social planner's perspective, resulting in a negative externality on other economic agents in the supply chain. The externality of risk management is particularly relevant for agrifood supply chains, which frequ...

Design of a neutron irradiation campaign for electron beam welded reactor pressure vessel steel

The objective of this study is to document a neutron irradiation experiment campaign intended to enable evaluation of embrittlement in electron beam (EB) welded SA508, Grade 3 reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel for small modular reactors. Arc welds in RPVs have historically expe...

Service user and healthcare-worker perspectives on Substance Use Disorder treatment journeys, relapse, and recovery in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Uganda

Abstract Introduction Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) pose significant public health challenges in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there is limited evidence on how service users (SUs) and front-line health care workers (HCWs) experience SUD treatment and recovery within resource cons...

Model predictive control with state estimation and reduced-order physics for nuclear reactor operation during unanticipated communication transients

Advanced nuclear reactors are increasingly being designed for remote operation and higher levels of autonomy, particularly for small and microreactor applications where on-site staffing and frequent fuel handling may be impractical. These new operational paradigms would require n...

Challenges and opportunities of generative artificial intelligence models in audio/acoustic domain: a comprehensive survey

Abstract Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed image and text processing, but its adoption in the audio/acoustic domain remains underexplored due to inherent challenges in modeling long-term temporal dependencies in one-dimensional signals and achieving human-pe...