Purdue University West Lafayette

Vocal Loudness and Stability as Behavioral Indicators of Surgeons’ Non-Technical Skills

Non-technical skills (NTS) are essential for safe surgical teamwork, while objective measures of how surgeons communicate remain limited. This pilot study examined whether sentence-level vocal loudness and stability distinguish simulated good- and bad-NTS conditions and identifie...

Technology to remotely capture key elements of swallowing and speech: State of the science in Parkinson's disease

Swallowing and speech impairments are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and can significantly affect health and quality of life. Traditional methods for assessing and managing these functions rely on in-person visits and large, expensive equipment, which are inaccessible to many...

Shifting Dominant Air Pollution Sources in Sub-Saharan Africa’s Changing Urban Environment: Analysis of Elemental Composition and Source Contributions of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Pollution in Accra, Ghana

Abstract Urban and economic expansion across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) may be shifting the relative contributions of dominant ambient air pollution sources, influencing both pollutant concentrations and composition, along with their associated health risks. However, city-scale dat...

Ocean circulation changes rather than global warming drove temperature trends across the Miocene Climatic Optimum

Early-to-Middle Miocene [23 to 13.8 million years ago (Ma)] climates were ∼6° to 9°C warmer than today. Around 16.9 Ma, benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope (δ 18 O) records suggest pronounced warming, known as the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO) onset. However, explaining this pu...

Volatile eutectics to tailor crystallization for perovskite optoelectronics

Improvements to the radiative efficiency of halide perovskite thin films are necessary to approach fundamental solar cell performance limits. We tailored perovskite crystallization by leveraging the eutectic interaction between zinc bromide and methylammonium chloride additives....

Genomic inbreeding and selection signatures analyses in the Doberman Pinscher breed

The Doberman Pinscher population has undergone strong artificial selection for morphology and behavior, which can reduce genomic diversity and increase autozygosity. Here, we characterized the genome structure and identified selection signatures in Doberman Pinschers using comple...

Bioinspired negative-curvature monomer architecture accelerates on-surface topochemical polymerization

On-surface chemical reactions are often limited by competing requirements for long range molecular order and the local atomic scale dynamics needed for bond formation. In many topochemical reactions, including diacetylene photopolymerization, alkyl-chain ordering provides the req...

AIMNet2-rxn: A machine-learned potential for generalized reaction modeling on a millions-of-pathways scale

Mechanistic modeling of chemical transformations offers a compelling basis for understanding reactivity and allows for prediction of reaction outcomes before attempting experiments. Despite progress in machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs), we demonstrate that available...

Auditory- and Visual-Speech Evoked Activation of the Superior Temporal Gyrus Contralateral to the Cochlear Implant Predicts Speech Recognition Outcomes

Objectives: Speech recognition outcomes vary widely in cochlear implant recipients, but the reasons for this variability are not well explained by patient history factors alone. Neuroplastic reorganization after both deafness and cochlear implant switch-on can affect how new reci...

The fifth player: Understanding bystander responses to gender-based exclusion in esports.

Children and adolescents evaluate gender-based exclusion by drawing on multiple contextual and individual factors. This pre-registered study examined how excluder intentionality, peer norms, and victim response, shaped bystander judgments and responses to the exclusion of a girl...

Next-generation thermal runaway monitoring in batteries using real-time gas sensing and AI-driven diagnostics

Electric vehicles (EVs) are central to a sustainable future worldwide, with batteries as their core component, including Li-ion, solid-state, NiMH, and Lead-acid batteries, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. However, thermal runaway (TR) in these batteries poses a ma...

The Fungal Microbiome Associated with Schizaphis graminum Biotypes E and K in Response to Host Plant Species, Cultivar, and Elapsed Time

Because so little is known about fungal microbiomes associated with aphids, the fungal mycobiota associated with feeding by biotypes E and K of greenbug aphid (Schizaphis graminum) was surveyed using ITS amplicon sequences with regard to host plant species, days post infestation,...

Correlating biaxial stress to metastable phases in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 on substrates with different coefficients of thermal expansion

The effects of biaxial stress in hafnium zirconium oxide (HZO) thin films on the phase constitution and dielectric response are studied through the preparation of HZO films on substrates with coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) ranging from 0.52 to 12.97 × 10−6 K−1. X-ray dif...

Automated nonplanar slicing for robotic additive manufacturing via voxelized simulation and data-driven voting

Robotic arms enable curved-layer deposition beyond conventional gantry limitations, but selecting a suitable layer field remains challenging. Existing slicers often focus on surface conformity or require part-specific finite element constraints. This study selects layer fields fr...

Physics-informed Kolmogorov–Arnold networks (PIKANs) for noise-robust reconstruction of boiling heat flux from infrared measurements

Recovering a noise-amplified inverse quantity from corrupted boundary data is a recurring problem in physics-informed learning for real-world applications. Specifically, small perturbations in the measured field are magnified through the spatial derivatives needed to reconstruct...

Calcium Isotopic Composition in Reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus ) Bones and Tooth Enamel: A Scalable Tool to Quantify Nursing Frequency in Past and Modern Populations?

RATIONALE: Populations of North American caribou and Eurasian reindeer (Rangifer tarandus sspp.), essential for Arctic ecosystems and human communities, are experiencing unprecedented declines due to climate change and anthropogenic pressures. While understanding their historical...

Topology-enforced synthesis of atomically precise silver nanoclusters in 3D DNA lattices

DNA nanotechnology leverages the molecular design resolution of the DNA double helix to fold and tile matter into designer architectures. Recent advances in bioinorganic chemistry have exploited DNA/Ag + affinity to carry out the templated reduction of silver nanoclusters. Here,...

Computational Design Strategies for Nanoscale 3D Auxetic Metastructures from DNA

Abstract Auxetic metamaterials exhibit negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) behaviors due to their architecture of periodically arranged unit cells. Although mechanical metamaterials are well established at the macroscale, programmable auxetic units remain scarce at the nanoscale. DNA...

Understanding the Role of Lithium Metal Microstructure in Chemo-Mechanical Instability of Solid-State Batteries

Abstract Increased energy density and safety relative to conventional lithium (Li)-ion batteries motivate the development of solid-state batteries (SSBs). However, maintaining interface stability at the metal anode–solid electrolyte (SE) interface remains a critical challenge to...

Cyclic homology of categorical coalgebras and the free loop space

We prove that the cyclic chain complex of the categorical coalgebra of singular chains on an arbitrary topological space X is naturally quasi-isomorphic to the 𝑆 1 -equivariant chains of the free loop space of X . This statement does not require any hypotheses on X or on the comm...