Purdue University West Lafayette

Curve fitting algorithm for multimodal particle size distributions – a theoretical basis

Abstract. Here we detail an open-source curve fitting algorithm for multimodal particle size distributions (MPSDs) and evaluate it against a ten-year dataset of ambient particle size distribution (PSD) measurements collected at Storm Peak Laboratory, a remote mountainous research...

Heterogeneity and Controlling Mechanisms of Soil Organic Carbon Stocks Across Erosion Zones in China Under Future Climate Scenarios

ABSTRACT Soil organic carbon (SOC), as a key indicator of global carbon cycling and climate change response, plays a critical role in regional ecological security and agricultural sustainability. This study employs three machine learning models including the LightGBM, XGBoost, an...

Wavelength Requirements for Life Detection via Reflected Light Spectroscopy of Rocky Exoplanets

Searching for signs of life is a primary goal of the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO). However, merely detecting oxygen, methane, or other widely discussed biosignatures is insufficient evidence for a biosphere. In parallel with biosignature detection, exoplanet life detection...

Comparison of methods for in vivo and ex vivo quantification of iron in murine brain tumors

Background Iron is a redox-active biological trace element with concentration-dependent effects on human health and disease. This study evaluated multiple methods to quantify iron oxide nanoparticles for potential theragnostic applications in brain cancer. Methods Iron quantifica...

Generative Latent Space Modeling of Stamping Sound for Anomaly Detection and Predictive Maintenance

Abstract Operational condition monitoring for predictive maintenance is crucial to enable early detection of abnormal behavior and prevention of costly downtime. In industry settings, normal operation data are abundant, whereas abnormal or failure data are rarely available, limit...

Enhancement of cytokine-mediated beta-cell apoptosis by free fatty acids

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from dysfunction and loss of the insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. The body’s lipid metabolism is strongly regulated during this process but there is a need to understand how this regulation contributes to the β-cell death. Here, we investigated...

Broad-Scale Habitat Suitability and Fine-Scale Habitat Characterization of the Cerulean Warbler Using Species Distribution Modeling, Passive Acoustic Monitoring, LiDAR, and Satellite Remote Sensing

Understanding habitat requirements across spatial scales is important for conserving declining migratory species such as the Cerulean warbler. This study integrates data from several forms of remote sensing platforms: automated recording units, airborne LiDAR, and satellite remot...

Direct avirulence effector-receptor interaction confers wheat immunity against insects

Wheat immunity against the global pest Hessian fly operates on a gene-for-gene basis, yet molecular mechanisms underlying resistance-avirulence interactions have remained elusive for over five decades due to the absence of any cloned insect-resistance gene. Here, we cloned the H1...

Acoustic virtual walls enable open, scalable, and programmable microfluidics

Microfluidic platforms are widely used across biomedical research, chemical synthesis, diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and materials science for precisely manipulating small volumes of fluids and suspended particles. However, conventional systems rely on narrow physical ch...

Effect of carcass electrical stimulation on sheep and goat meat quality: a meta-analysis study

Context The utilization of electrical stimulation (ES) in small ruminant carcasses is less common than in beef processing facilities. Nevertheless, ES shows promise in mitigating cold shortening and improving meat quality traits in small ruminants. Aim This meta-analysis assessed...

Tracking the baryon number with nuclear collisions

Baryon quantum number is found to be conserved since baryogenesis in the early Universe. Conventionally, each fractionally charged valence quark is understood to carry one-third of a baryon number. An alternative hypothesis posits that baryon number is instead carried by a baryon...

Impact of Using Flame-Retardant Electrolyte Additives in Li-Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Ethoxy (Pentafluoro) Cyclotriphosphazene (PFPN)

Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are seeing increasingly widespread adoption across consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and grid-scale energy storage systems, yet their susceptibility to thermal runaway remains a concern. This study evaluates ethoxy (pentafluoro) cyclotriphosphazene...

Conceptual System Design Case Study for Decision Analysis

As part of organizations pursuing innovation, systems engineering teams include experts in decision-driven data generation, analysis, and synthesis. These experts provide skill in crafting decision support models that show the relationship between decision alternatives and fundam...

Urine andSerum Proteome and Lipidome Analysis ofNaturally Aging Feline Species

Abstract Aging in companion animals such as cats closely relates to human aging in environmental exposures and disease manifestation, providing a valuable model for identifying biomarkers of age-associated decline. This study provides a combined proteomic and lipidomic analysis o...

Effects of Low Dosage Colloidal Nanosilica on Carbon Sequestration and Microstructure of Type I and Type IL Cement Paste

Abstract Portland limestone cement (Type 1L, PLC) is widely adopted to reduce carbon emissions in cement production, yet its potential for <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper C upper O 2" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow...

Exploring Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality-Based STEM Instruction Using the Cognitive-Affective Model of Immersive Learning (CAMIL)

Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) has emerged as a promising instructional technology for STEM education, yet relatively few classroom-based studies have examined student learning experiences through the lens of the Cognitive-Affective Model of Immersive Learning (CAMIL). This stud...

AI and the Decentering of Disciplinary Creativity

Abstract This paper examines the role of artificial intelligence in scientific problem-solving, with a focus on its implications for disciplinary creativity. Drawing on recent work in the philosophy of creativity, I distinguish between creative approaches and creative products, a...

Behavior and Design of Bolted Splice Connections for C-PSW/CF Walls

Abstract This paper briefly summarizes the results from experimental and numerical investigations conducted on full-scale planar concrete-filled composite plate shear walls (C-PSW/CF) with bolted splice connections. These experimental results and numerical models are used to deve...

Manganese transport, homeostasis, and neurotoxicity

Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal required for many physiological functions, and deficiency or over-exposure is associated with neurological dysfunction and neuropathology. Tight homeostatic control of Mn in the body is required to maintain optimal physiological levels and pro...

An Approach for Testing of Embedded Interconnects that Bypasses the Interconnect Isolation Logic

In a chiplet-based design, logic blocks (chiplets) are connected by a large number of interconnects to form larger functions. The interconnects require comprehensive testing to ensure that the design operates correctly. The interconnects are tested using isolation logic to suppor...