Monash University

The Gap Between Perceived and Objective Diet Quality in Patients with Lynch Syndrome

Background and Aims: Lynch syndrome (LS) confers a substantially elevated lifetime risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). While enhanced endoscopic surveillance and aspirin chemoprevention are the cornerstones of management, evidence suggests modifiable lifestyle factors like diet may...

A call for action with the burden of cirrhosis in Australia

Unlike most other chronic diseases and cancers in Australia, outcomes for cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer are not improving. Public hospitals are overwhelmed by decompensated cirrhosis and struggling to provide best practice care for the large population of patients with less...

Physical Activity and Risk of Liver Cancer: A Competing Risk Analysis

Physical activity is associated with lower risk of liver cancer, but obtaining an unbiased estimate of the causal effect is challenging due to the competing risk of death due to any other cause. We performed a causal competing risk analysis to estimate the total effect of physica...

Questionable Evidence for Berberine in Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome: An Integrity-Based Reappraisal

Prior systematic reviews suggest that berberine may match or exceed the effects of metformin on metabolic and hormonal outcomes in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS; previously referred to as polycystic ovary syndrome). This review aimed to assess the reported effica...

What Do Borrower Workarounds Reveal? User-Derived Design Implications for Digital Finance in Indonesian Crowdlending

This study examines how Indonesian crowdlending borrowers navigate tensions among access, risk, and trust. It draws on interviews with 30 borrowersand uses an abductive, constructivist grounded-theory approach, with substantial intercoder reliability (Cohen’s kappa = 0.775). Four...

Anti-osteoporosis medications in persons with and without Parkinson disease in Finland

Abstract Summary Contrary to reports on under-treatment in persons with Parkinson’s disease, our study found similar anti-osteoporosis medication usage before and after their hip fractures among Finns with and without Parkinson’s disease. Additional preventive measures may be nee...

Cost‐Consequence Analysis of a Dementia Specialist Training Program for Home Care Workers: Results From a Stepped‐Wedge Cluster‐Randomised Controlled Trial

OBJECTIVES: This paper reports the health economic component of the broader Promoting Independence Through Quality Dementia Care at Home (PITCH). The broader PITCH trial primarily evaluated the effect of dementia training on home care workers' competence in providing dementia car...

A Cross-Lagged Panel Model of Mental Health Amongst UK Undergraduates: The Role of Autism and Gender

Abstract Purpose The aims of this study were to explore the bidirectional relationships between depression, anxiety, and suicidality among autistic and non-autistic undergraduates in the UK, and the impact of gender and autism diagnosis on these relationships, over time. Method A...

Preferred service model and other factors associated with pre-exposure prophylaxis willingness among Indonesian men who have sex with men: analysis of PrEP APPEAL survey

BACKGROUND: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV in Indonesia. To prevent transmission, there is a need to scale-up HIV prevention, especially pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). This analysis aims to identify the preferred service model and factors...

Atomic‐Scale Control of Substrate‐Spin Coupling Via Vertical Manipulation of a 2D Metal‐Organic Framework

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with frustrated crystal geometries can host strongly correlated electrons, potentially leading to a range of exotic many-body quantum phases, such as Mott insulators, quantum spin-liquids, and Kondo lattices. The ability to control exchange-coupling...

Phage-based depletion of Variovorax reveals interactions within intact microbiomes

Abstract Background Testing microbial interaction hypotheses, including metabolite cross-feeding, remains a major challenge in microbiome research. Phages have the potential to probe organism-organism interactions within complex microbiomes yet are rarely utilised for this purpos...

Sparse oblique rule boosting for simpler additive rule ensembles

Abstract Small additive ensembles of symbolic rules offer interpretable prediction models. Traditionally, these ensembles use rule conditions based on conjunctions of simple threshold propositions $$x \ge t$$ on a single input variable x and threshold t , resulting geometrically...

When does discipline become assault? Community attitudes towards the legal defence of domestic discipline

Background Many jurisdictions internationally continue to permit parents to use physical force against children under defences variously termed ‘reasonable force’, ‘lawful correction’, or ‘domestic discipline’. In Queensland, Australia, this is codified under section 280 of the C...

Cognitive and institutional barriers to effective natural resource management under global change

Abstract Many of the most challenging decisions facing natural resource managers today can be understood as time dependent. The concept of time‐dependent decisions is useful when considering natural resource management decisions that are characterized by nonstationarity in the un...

The effect of asthma and its medication on dental caries in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Asthma and dental caries are prevalent chronic conditions in children, with evidence suggesting a possible link via asthma-related physiological changes and medications. Reduced salivary flow and altered oral environments may increase caries risk; however, findings are inconsiste...

Working towards a triadic collaboration among teachers, academics, and community: a review of curriculum co-design

Purpose This review synthesises empirical studies on collaborative curriculum co-design involving schools, universities, and community stakeholders. It examines how different partnership configurations: teachers-community, academics-community, teachers-academics, and triadic coll...

Uptake of postpartum diabetes screening after gestational diabetes: a five-year institution-based retrospective study in Ethiopia

Women with a history of gestational diabetes are at a high risk of progression to type 2 diabetes, which makes postpartum diabetes screening a crucial preventive measure. Evidence on postpartum diabetes screening uptake is limited in Ethiopia. We assessed postpartum screening pra...

Acid Leaching for Carbon Sequestration with Prospects for Critical Metal Recovery

Abstract Reducing carbon emissions and supplying critical metals for the green energy transition are essential to limiting global warming to below 1.5 °C. Here, we propose heap leaching ultramafic material with sulfuric acid followed by sequential precipitation for nickel recover...

Using Motion‐Tracking to Objectively Assess Skill in Surgery

ABSTRACT Background Surgical assessment often relies on subjective expert observation, which may introduce bias. We aimed to objectively differentiate skill levels in a complex simulated operative procedure using hand‐tracking metrics through a wearable mixed reality headset. Met...

Can FinTech innovate Green Finance? Scrutinising the Platform Ecologies of FinTech for Forest Restoration

Green finance has struggled to make a difference in climate change mitigation.For some, the main limitations lie in scaling and diversifying financial flows and instruments to close the climate funding gap, while for others, green finance is fundamentally flawed as an incumbent-l...