Cornell University

Theory and theoretical framework use for engineering education research: A systematic review of undergraduate disability research in the United States

Abstract Background Use of theory is a quality marker in engineering education research. However, it can be challenging to select an appropriate theoretical framework and explicate how that framework was used. Purpose Using undergraduate STEM disability research as an example, th...

Macrophages tune NK cell IFNγ production through direct lipid transfer

Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells are critical effectors of innate immunity, but their activity is strongly influenced by metabolic state. While intrinsic NK metabolism has been studied extensively, less is known about how surrounding immune cells shape NK cell function. Here, w...

Discovery of a peripheral Myh11-expressing nucleus pulposus cell population demontrating therapeutic potential for disc degeneration

Continual turnover of nucleus pulposus (NP) cellularity is critical for maintaining intervertebral disc (IVD) homeostasis; however, the presence and identity of potential progenitor cells within the NP remain unclear. This study identifies NP cells expressing myosin heavy chain 1...

Lipidomic and transcriptomic remodeling underlies early retinal pathogenesis in dry age-related macular degeneration

Abstract Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is initiated by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction, yet early metabolic mechanisms linking RPE injury to photoreceptor dysfunction remain unclear. Using a physiologically relevant mouse model, we performed cell-type–re...

Intraprocedural cardiac computed tomography-fluoroscopy image fusion guided structural heart intervention: a proof of concept experience during transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Intraoperative image guidance using cardiac CT with fluoroscopy image fusion has been shown to facilitate structural heart interventions. However, there has been limited experience on CT image fusion with fluoroscopy using aortic root calcifications from intraoperative 3D cone-be...

Closing the Health Policy Implementation Gap With Artificial Intelligence

Importance: Health care policies often fail to achieve their goals due to implementation challenges attributable to workforce constraints, fragmented health information systems, and administrative complexity. This Special Communication proposes a framework for how artificial inte...

Remote Sensing and Machine Learning for Monitoring Soil Nitrogen Dynamics and Crop Nitrogen Status in Field Conditions

Efficient nitrogen (N) management is essential for sustaining crop productivity while minimizing environmental impacts associated with nitrogen losses. However, the high spatial and temporal variability of soil nitrogen dynamics and crop nitrogen status makes field-scale monitori...

Is Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation Truly “Post” in People With Darker Skin Tones?

This Viewpoint reviews how inflammation can coexist with hyperpigmentation, explains why inflammatory activity may be underrecognized in people with darker skin tones, and proposes an approach in which hyperpigmentation prompts continued assessment for persistent inflammation.

The Zooplankton International Geospatial dataset: A global repository of spatiotemporal freshwater zooplankton community composition data from lakes and reservoirs to support ecological research

Abstract Zooplankton transfer substantial energy in aquatic food webs and are used as indicators of environmental change. Syntheses of zooplankton community dynamics globally require datasets that span a wide range of environmental gradients; however, these datasets are limited d...

Comparison of Plasma Protein Fractions and Electrophoretograms in Non‐Laying and Egg‐Laying Domestic Chickens

BACKGROUND: Protein electrophoresis (EPH) is a valuable diagnostic tool in veterinary medicine, particularly in non-mammalian species where albumin measurement has historically been considered inaccurate by routine biochemistry analyzers. Physiologic processes such as egg-laying...

Post-Craniotomy Headache: Current Concepts and Emerging Procedural Therapies

Post-craniotomy headache (PCH) is a common complication following neurosurgery, yet there remains limited consensus regarding the mechanism, classification, and optimal management. This review summarizes the current literature and highlights recent trends in procedural therapies....

Population genomics reveals ginseng domestication and ginsenoside biosynthesis

Ginseng ( Panax ginseng ), a valuable medicinal plant, is cultivated for the bioactive ginsenosides with cardiovascular protective effects that are abundant in its roots. However, the genetic basis of its domestication and ginsenoside variation is not fully understood. In this st...

A compendium of next-generation patient-derived models for diverse cancers

Abstract The development of new therapeutics and the validation of pathogenetic cancer mechanisms require representative laboratory models 1,2 . However, existing collections represent only a fraction of the diversity observed in human cancer 2–4 . Recent technologies have enable...

Highly localized droplet clustering in shallow cumulus clouds

The size and spatial clustering of water droplets in warm clouds influence cloud evolution and radiation properties and thus are of fundamental importance for the Earth’s energy balance and water cycle. Some proposed mechanisms for droplet growth and precipitation initiation in w...

Hypertension Management in Pregnancy and Postpartum

Abstract Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy affect approximately 9% of pregnancies in the United States and are a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. For nephrologists, these conditions sit at a critical intersection: chronic kidney disease is among the strongest...

Hospice Care in the Era of AI : Hospices' Views on Data‐Driven Tools to Support Live Discharge Decisions

BACKGROUND: Live discharge occurs for 20% of hospice enrollees, resulting in loss of support and disruptive care transitions, with higher risk for patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Little is understood about how data-driven clinical decision support...

Mechanical Profiling by AFM Enables Real-Time Readoutof Endothelial Cell State

Abstract Atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides quantitative capabilities for mapping the mechanical properties of living cells with nanometer resolution, yet its potential for monitoring a range of cell mechanical states remains largely underexplored. Here, we employed AFM to ma...

What Does It Mean to Be Black? Experimental Evidence on the Situational Deployment of Racial Schemas

How do Black Americans construct narratives about the meaning and boundaries of Blackness in America today? We leverage an original, nationally representative survey experiment among U.S.-born Black Americans ( n = 3,100) to examine (1) justifications used to validate or reject a...

Generation and Enhancement of Persistent Nanoscale Magnetization in All‐Dielectric Metasurfaces by Optically Injected and Localized Free Carriers

Time-varying dielectric metasurfaces that support sharp optical resonances with nontrivial electromagnetic field distributions constitute a unique platform for realizing temporal interfaces for metasurface-guided waves (MGWs). Rapidly changing metasurface resonance enables freque...

JNK and p53 cause human and mouse β cell death during excessive unfolded protein response

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to β cell death in both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes (T1D and T2D). However, the molecular mechanisms driving β cell death during ER stress remain insufficiently defined, limiting development of protective therapies. GRP78, an ER chaper...