Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Shedding light on the formation mechanisms of Islamic polychrome lusters: A Cu, Fe, Ag micro XANES study

Islamic luster is a ceramic glaze decoration exploiting the quantum-confined optical response of noble metallic nanoparticles to produce a colorful metallic and iridescent appearance. Upon firing, silver and copper initially present in an overpaint diffuse into the glaze and are...

Solving the standing-start paradox in track cycling

Abstract Standing starts in track cycling appear paradoxical: a departure ‘from rest’ can exhibit a non-zero bike velocity at the official signal. We resolve this apparent contradiction by identifying a brief transitional regime, initiated around the gate-release window and prece...

Mortars and plasters at Herod's Caesarea Maritima: integration of imported and local construction technologies

Abstract Building materials from different architectural elements at Herodian Caesarea Maritima (22–4 BCE ) provide evidence for a variety of compositions tailored to specific construction functions, demonstrating the extent of Roman technological influence on Herod's architectur...

Complex non-falciparum transmission and widespread insecticide resistance sustain hyperendemic malaria in Penka-Michel, a focus of the Cameroon highlands

A 12-month longitudinal entomological study (September 2023-August 2024) in the Western Highlands of Cameroon (Penka-Michel) investigated malaria transmission dynamics and insecticide resistance markers, including target-site resistance (L1014F, N1575Y, G119S- Ace1 ) and metaboli...

Convergence Analysis of a High-Order Multiscale Finite Element Method (MsFEM) for Stokes Flows in Heterogeneous Media

Abstract. An enriched nonconforming Multiscale Finite Element Method (MsFEM) to solve viscous incompressible flow problems in genuine heterogeneous or porous media was proposed in [Q. Feng, G. Allaire, and P. Omnes, Multiscale Model. Simul., 20 (2022), pp. 462–492]. The main feat...

Androgen receptor imprints satellite cell stemness and preserves their reservoir for lifelong regeneration and optimal repair

Skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSC) are the guardians of muscle regeneration, sustaining tissue integrity through a delicate balance of quiescence, activation, and lineage commitment. While numerous molecular cues have been implicated in regulating these processes, the influence of...

Machine Learning and Molecular Simulations Reveal Mechanisms of ZIFs Polymorph Selection

metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit a remarkable degree of polymorphism. Because of their promising industrial applications, many research groups have investigated phase transitions, phase diagram and relative stability of these polymorphs. There is now wide consensus in the...

Myosin II–independent contraction of actin filaments in membrane nanotubes

The ability to generate active stresses within filamentous actin matrices is a fundamental and evolutionarily conserved process driving locomotion and morphogenetic changes in cells. The generation of pushing forces by actin polymerization is reasonably well understood, and is kn...

From human to urban metabolism: mapping flows of excreted nutrients based on current and prospective diets

Increasing awareness of the health, environmental, and geopolitical issues associated to mineral fertilizers have brought renewed attention to alternative sources of nutrients, such as those that flow from the sanitation systems of cities. This raises the questions: how much can...

Molecular epidemiology and management of non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from patients in Ukraine, 2022–2024

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly recognized worldwide as significant causes of chronic pulmonary disease, particularly among individuals with underlying structural lung disorders or immunosuppression. However, data on the epidemiology and clinical management of...

The Development of Compositionality in Language and Thought

Compositionality is the property of a representational system whereby complex meanings arise from the combination of simpler meaningful elements. Here we take a developmental perspective to understand the origins of compositional representational systems and their relation to lan...

The highly heterozygous European amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) at the edge of panmixia

Abstract Amphioxus (Cephalochordata) are small marine chordates that have broad ecological ranges, yet as adults form local settlements and exhibit limited mobility. Genomic surveys of two amphioxus species have suggested that they rank among the most genetically diverse metazoan...

Microstructural Evolution of Single-Grain-like TiO2 Microspheres Prepared Through Spray Drying and Multi-Step Sintering

The preparation of TiO2 microspheres by spray drying followed by controlled sintering was investigated. Starting from commercial rutile TiO2 nanoparticles dispersed in water, spherical microspheres with broad size distributions were produced by adjusting key spray-drying paramete...

Protocols on X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Measurement and Interpretation

Abstract Understanding the local electronic and atomic structure of materials is central to modern physics, chemistry, materials science, and nanotechnology. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provides element-specific insight into these local environments through core-level X-r...

Ground states on a fractured strip and one-dimensional reduction

We consider the nonlinear Schrödinger equation on a strip with Neumann boundary conditions and a delta condition at x = 0 . We first show the existence of ground states as minimizers of the action or of the energy under suitable constraints. We then prove that the energy minimize...

Thermodynamic Description of Wealth Inequality in the World

According to the recent Wealth Thermalization Hypothesis (WTH), the wealth inequality in the world is described by the Rayleigh–Jeans (RJ) thermal distribution of interacting agents in a society with social stratification. In this concept, the wealth layers of society are associa...

Antibacterial Cyclic Oligo(disulfide)s with Tunable Hydrophilicity Dictate Membrane Interactions and Distinct Metabolic Interference

Abstract To combat drug-resistant bacteria, antimicrobial agents with tunable and multi-modal mechanisms are urgently needed. While membrane-disrupting polymers have been widely explored, precisely regulating their membrane interactions and downstream metabolic effects remains ch...

Deep learning recognises antibiotic modes of action from brightfield images

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance is a growing public health threat predicted to cause up to 10 million deaths a year by 2050. To circumvent existing bacterial resistance mechanisms, discovering antibiotics with novel modes of action (MoAs) is crucial. While growth inhibition ass...

Dynamic Trajectory Planning for Urban Traffic Using Deep Learning-Based Traffic Prediction

Abstract Traditional trajectory planning systems in navigation applications generate routes based on the current traffi conditions at the time of departure. However, traffi dynamics are highly variable, and aroute that is initially optimal may become congested during the trip, le...

Well-posedness and singularity formation beyond the Yudovich class

We introduce a local-in-time existence and uniqueness class for solutions to the 2d Euler equation with unbounded vorticity. Furthermore, we show that solutions belonging to this class can develop stronger singularities in finite time, meaning that they experience finite time blo...