Research works

Reason for Using Frequency and Percentage to Analyse Data Regardless of the Degree and Reason for Using Benchmark of 50% to Analyse Data Collected from both Non-Likert and Likert Scale Regardless of the Degree

This article examines the rationale behind using frequency and percentage as primary analytical tools for categorical data in descriptive research. The discussion establishes that categorical data, being nominal in nature, necessitates analytical approaches distinct from those us...

Non-specialist primary school mathematics teachers’ beliefs

Abstract This paper reports on a qualitative exploratory case study of four out-of-field primary school mathematics teachers in rural South Africa. The focus is on their subject knowledge and didactical expertise as aspects of their teacher identity through the lens of their beli...

Determinants of Out-of-pocket health expenditure: cross-country evidence across World Bank income groups

BACKGROUND Out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditure remains a major barrier to achieving Universal Health Coverage, yet limited evidence exists on whether its determinants differ systematically across World Bank income groups. This study examines the macroeconomic and health financ...

Alternating Transmission Protocol: Receiver-Dependent Allocation of Rapid and Recurrent Processing

# Provider Description A nervous system cannot allocate the same amount of return processing to every event. Some actions can proceed from recent evidence; some require earlier context, correction, or recurrent stabilization; and some uncertainties cannot be repaired by more comp...

More nuts, more squirrels, more damage? the covariation of beech (fagus sylvatica) masting with grey squirrel (sciurus carolinensis) abundance, and bark stripping damage, in the UK

Abstract Grey squirrels ( Sciurus carolinensis ) are an invasive non-native species in the UK which can strip bark from trees, detrimentally impacting biodiversity and forestry. Extensive control measures are undertaken to reduce grey squirrel populations each year; however, it i...

Modeling reptile virus infection in vitro using Python regius airway organoids

Abstract Zoonoses pose substantial global health risks, highlighting the need to better understand animal-to-human transmission. Reptiles are increasingly recognized as hosts of diverse pathogens, including numerous viruses, yet the diversity and prevalence of reptile pathogens,...

Time-Varying Effects of Valacyclovir Prophylaxis in the Zoster Eye Disease Study

Importance The Zoster Eye Disease Study (ZEDS) supports consideration of suppressive valacyclovir for 1 year to reduce risk of recurrent keratitis or iritis in patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). Although the primary outcome did not show benefit of suppressive valacyc...

The Decentralized Fraud Matrix (DFM)

Through this independent concept, the study introduces a fresh new perspective to the world of modern forensic accounting via a theory called “The Decentralized Fraud Matrix” (DFM). This conceptual research was developed specifically as an analytical tool to dissect the modus ope...

Designing and evaluating a neuroanatomy learning experience using multiple external representations

Abstract Neuroanatomy is challenging, requiring multiple external representations (MER) for comprehension. While studies have examined individual representations of neuroanatomy, a gap remains in understanding how students link across MER, especially between technology‐generated...

En Bloc Resection of Inferior Vena Cava Leiomyosarcoma with Prosthetic Caval Reconstruction and Renal Autotransplantation: A Case Report

Background: Inferior vena cava (IVC) leiomyosarcoma is a rare vascular malignancy for which complete surgical resection remains the only potentially curative treatment. Surgical management is technically demanding, particularly when the tumor involves the renal veins and retrohep...

On the Convergence of JPEG Multiple Compression for Digital Forensics

Convergence means that the limit of the sequence will tend to a certain value. In some forensic scenarios, if the same manipulation is repeatedly performed on an image, the resulting image sequence tends to converge. Credible forensics can be achieved by utilizing this convergenc...

Experimental investigation and optimization of 3D-printed circumferentially corrugated multi-cell polygonal structures

Purpose This study aims to investigate the crashworthiness of 3D-printed multi-cell thin-walled polylactic acid plus (PLA+) tubes under quasi-static axial compression. The objective is to explore the influence of inner geometry, radius application and diameter variations on crash...

Hesperetin-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Ameliorate Cisplatin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Testicular Dysfunction in Rats: Association with NRF2/HO-1, NF-κB, and ACSL4/GPX4/SLC7A11 Signaling Modulation

Background: Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent whose gonadotoxic effects, largely driven by oxidative stress and inflammation, pose a major threat to male reproductive health. This study evaluated whether hesperetin (HES) and hesperetin-loaded poly (lactic-co-glyco...

آدم والإنسان المسؤول | Adam and the Answerable Being — Islam, Evolution, and the Constitution of Moral Humanity

Adam and the Answerable Being | آدم والإنسان المسؤول is a standalone scholarly work examining Adam, Islam and evolution, human origins, Qur'anic anthropology, and the constitution of moral responsibility. It asks a question deeper than the biological history of Homo sapiens: what...

Mechanochemically Prepared Supported Ionic Liquids for Efficient Glycerol Valorization to Glycerol Carbonate

Abstract The valorization of glycerol, a major byproduct of the biodiesel industry, into high value chemicals offers a sustainable pathway to support circular economy objectives within biorefineries. Among various transformation routes, the transesterification of glycerol with di...

Sustainable Leadership, Workplace Integration, and Resilience Among Staff Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Correlational Study

Background: Sustainable leadership has emerged as a critical approach for promoting long-term organizational effectiveness and workforce well-being in healthcare settings. However, empirical evidence linking sustainable leadership to workplace integration and resilience among nur...

ODARRL: Obstacle- and Disturbance-Aware End-to-End Residual Reinforcement Learning for Underwater Robot Trajectory Tracking with Obstacle Avoidance

ROVs are essential for marine exploration and underwater operations, yet conventional teleoperation relies heavily on skilled human operators, and many autonomous methods stop at high-level planning rather than low-level actuation, limiting robustness in disturbed and cluttered e...

Photoinduced Atom Transfer Radical Addition for the Functionalization of Carbon–Carbon Multiple Bonds

Photoinduced atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) has become a powerful strategy for the vicinal functionalization of carbon–carbon multiple bonds in alkenes and alkynes, garnering significant attention due to its high efficiency, mild conditions, operational simplicity, and exc...

Deep Learning‐Based Enhancement of Already Diagnostic‐Quality MRI for Alzheimer's Disease Classification: Effects on Model Performance and Training Data Requirements

ABSTRACT Background Deep learning (DL)‐based image enhancement is widely used to improve suboptimal medical imaging. Whether it also benefits diagnostic‐quality MRI in downstream task performance and data‐efficiency remains unclear. Purpose To investigate the impact of DL‐based e...

Explicit and refined QUBO modeling of anomalously reflective metasurfaces for annealing-assisted design optimization

This paper presents an annealing-assisted optimization framework for anomalously reflective metasurface design based on quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) modeling. First, an explicit QUBO formulation is derived under the physical optics (PO) approximation, enabli...