Research works

Defect Landscapeand Stability of High-Entropy Carbides

Abstract High-entropy carbides (HECs) can be stabilized as single-phase solid-solution microstructures by kinetically trapping a “high-entropy state” under ambient conditions; however, such microstructures may represent metastable states rather than true thermodynamic equilibrium...

Koskarlı Cave: excavations at an Epipalaeolithic site in the eastern Black Sea region of Türkiye

Excavations at Koskarlı Cave in Türkiye’s eastern Black Sea region (Trabzon) have identified in situ Epipalaeolithic ( c . 12 900–12 000 cal BC) occupation. As the first systematic investigation of this period in this region, Koskarlı provides a new reference point for exploring...

High-pitch Low-dose Chest Computed Tomography With Calcium-aware Reconstruction for Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy, radiation dose, and clinical feasibility of a high-pitch low-dose chest CT (Sa36LDCT) scanning protocol with calcium-aware reconstruction for coronary artery calcium scoring (CAC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, 90 patients un...

CONRep: Uncertainty-Aware Vision-Language Report Drafting Using Conformal Prediction

The objective of this study is to quantify uncertainty in vision-language model (VLM)-based automated radiology report drafting (ARRD) to support trustworthy clinical deployment. In this study, we developed CONRep in two settings: label-based and sentence-based. In the label-base...

Multi‐Heterovalent Defect Complexes for Enhanced Capacitive Energy Storage in High‐Entropy Ceramic Capacitors

ABSTRACT The proliferation of smart electronic devices such as drones has driven an urgent demand for ceramic capacitors with both high energy storage performance (ESP) and reliable thermal monitoring capability. Conventional strategies often suffer from a trade‐off between maxim...

Histomorphological and Immunohistochemical Subtyping of Ampullary Adenocarcinoma and Its Association With Survival Status: An Ambispective Observational Study

Background: Periampullary adenocarcinoma (PAC) is a rare and unique malignancy arising from structures around the ampulla. Based on the histomorphology, two common subtypes include pancreatobiliary (PB) and intestinal (INT), which have therapeutic and prognostic significance. The...

Reexamining the Association of Cardiovascular Disease With Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring—Reply

In Reply We thank Dr Karachaliou for her thoughtful comments regarding our study1 investigating whether parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We appreciate the opportunity to share our view on the poin...

Biochemical indicators of host response to natural trypanosomosis infection in indigenous Zebu cattle in Apac district, Northern Uganda

Animal African Trypanosomosis (AAT) affects livestock production in sub–Saharan Africa with an annual financial burden of approximately $4 billion. Some cattle breeds have shown a degree of resistance to trypanosome infection, the so-called “trypanotolerance” phenotype. Breeding...

Proteomics- and Metabolomics-Based Investigation of the Effects of Astragalus membranaceus Powder on Meat Quality and Molecular Profiles of Longissimus dorsi Muscle in Ao-Hu Crossbred Rams

Astragalus membranaceus is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb commonly used as a feed additive in livestock production; however, the molecular mechanisms by which it influences meat quality in sheep remain poorly understood. In this study, 96 Ao-Hu crossbred rams were randomly...

A multi-channel signal-enhanced fractional-order vibrational resonance coupled stochastic resonance array method for early fault detection of rolling bearings

In the field of early fault detection for rolling bearings, stochastic resonance (SR) and vibrational resonance (VR) have been widely adopted as effective nonlinear signal processing tools. Nonetheless, when it comes to enhancing weak fault characteristics, most existing methods...

Can passive visual education improve male breast cancer awareness among male nurses? A quasi experimental study

Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease that is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages because of limited awareness among both the general population and healthcare professionals. Despite nurses’ essential role in health education and early detection, evidence regarding inter...

Enzyme discovery and catalytic mechanism insights for mitigating inhibitory effects in tobacco lignocellulose biodegradation: advances, challenges, and perspectives

Tobacco biomass constitutes a substantial yet underexploited lignocellulosic resource with considerable potential for bioconversion. However, its efficient enzymatic utilization is constrained by pronounced structural heterogeneity and the presence of diverse non-structural inhib...

Geopolymers for the removal of pharmaceuticals from water: mechanistic insights and comparative performance

Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) are increasingly detected in surface waters and treated effluents. However, their removal during conventional treatment remains inconsistent because of their recalcitrance and variable speciation. Geopolymers offer a sustainable remediati...

Optimizing Informed Consent for Australian Newborn Bloodspot Screening and Research: Consensus Workshop Insights and Recommendations

Informed consent is fundamental to Australian newborn bloodspot screening (NBS), but emerging genomic screening technologies pose new challenges to clinical care and research. Optimizing consent processes is necessary to support ethical practice and maintain public trust as NBS e...

Frequency-tunable superconducting microwave resonators based on quantum paraelectricity

Frequency tuning enables both high-sensitivity and wide-bandwidth detection in the resonator. Potassium tantalate (KTO) is a quantum paraelectric with tunable permittivity and low microwave loss at cryogenic temperature, making it promising for tunable devices. Here, we demonstra...

Collaborative craft design with traditional artisans: a participatory design framework for indigenous basketry

This study proposes a participatory design framework derived from collaborative craft design with traditional artisans specialising in indigenous basketry. While participatory design has been widely applied in craft development, design research has rarely articulated how indigeno...

Occurrence and Ecological Significance of Microalgae Species Associated with Egg Clutches of Aquatic Animals

The association of microalgae with aquatic animal egg masses plays an important role in the reproductive ecology of several species. The first descriptions of this phenomenon were reported in 1888 for the egg masses of the spotted salamander Ambystoma maculatum. The microalgae mo...

Digital-twin-enabled reinforcement learning for energy-efficient and reliability-aware software-defined electric vehicles

Software-defined electric vehicles (SDEVs) require intelligent control frameworks that simultaneously optimize energy efficiency and powertrain reliability. However, existing studies typically treat reinforcement learning, digital twins, and predictive health monitoring as separa...

Pleistocene Basaltic Volcanism on the Fly Platform in Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea (PNG) remains one of the least studied regions in the Southwest Pacific, and the tectono-magmatic evolution of extensive areas such as the Fly Platform remains poorly constrained. This study presents the first investigation of basaltic volcanism on the Fly Platfo...

Heatwaves and cold snaps alter host-parasite population dynamics

Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of temperature extremes, yet the consequences of heatwaves and cold snaps for host-parasite interactions remain incompletely understood.Thermal pulses of ±6°C were experimentally tested to determine how disease dynamics are...