Research works

Minimal Non-Units, Prime-Support Boundaries, and Batch Unit Testing: A Structural Reformulation and Open Decision Problem for Deterministic Integer Factorization

This audit-corrected preprint consolidates research notes V0.2–V1.0 on deterministic integer factorization. It identifies the least prime factor of a composite integer as the first non-unit in natural order modulo N, separates prime-support information from evaluation circuit and...

Amphiphilic Lipid–PolymerTriblock Architecturesas Nanocarriers for Therapeutic Delivery

Abstract This study investigates the formation and characterization of nanocarriers derived from the self-assembly of amphiphilic lipid-polymer hybrids (LPHs) engineered with a symmetric ABA block copolymer architecture. In this design, the terminal A-blocks comprise branched hyd...

Chirality-Matched Cyclopropenimine–Thiourea Organocatalysis for Regiocontrolled Ring-Opening Polymerization of Methyl Glycolide

Abstract Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is widely used in biomedical applications owing to its high biodegradability and biocompatibility. Although the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of methyl glycolide (MeG) offers a route to synthesizing alternating PLGA, the comparabl...

Growth-promoting influence of selenium nanoparticles and ulvan derived from Ulva lactuca on the growth of maize during the seedling stage

Abstract Marine algae contain a vast array of bioactive molecules with diverse uses. One of their interests is to apply seaweed-derived nanoparticles or polysaccharides as bio-stimulants of seed germination for plant growth promotion. Two products derived from the green alga Ulva...

Contrasting eruptive dynamics and hazards of two Holocene andesitic sub-Plinian to Plinian eruptions, Lower and Upper Citlaltépetl, at Pico de Orizaba, Mexico

Abstract Pico de Orizaba (Citlaltépetl) stratovolcano, eastern Mexico, preserves a complex Holocene explosive record, yet the eruptive dynamics, source parameters, styles, and hazard implications of individual eruptive episodes remain poorly constrained. Here, we examine the 9600...

Digitalization to Intelligent Insurance: A Longitudinal Study of AI Transformation on Private General Insurance in India

The insurance industry is increasingly leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance operational efficiency, customer experience, and decision-making capabilities. While existing studies have predominantly focused on AI adoption determinants and specific application areas, l...

Spatiotemporal patterns of ambient NO2 and NO pollution in Kigali Rwanda

Abstract Kigali, like many cities in sub-Saharan Africa, faces rapid urban growth alongside the need to manage air pollution and protect public health. Despite its policy efforts, systematic data on nitrogen oxides (NO x : NO 2 and NO), key indicators of combustion-related pollut...

Galactose-FunctionalRAFT Agent for Biorelevant PolymericMaterials

Abstract In this work, we report a novel chain transfer agent (CTA) derived from d-galactose and evaluate its potential as a reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) agent. Using this galactose-based CTA, Gal-RAFT, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers were suc...

Empirical evidence for a trade-off between reproduction and tumour dynamics in the freshwater cnidarian Hydra oligactis

Abstract Reproduction is a key life-history trait but often comes at the expense of somatic maintenance, including ageing and susceptibility to disease. While reproduction–immunity trade-offs have been experimentally demonstrated in the context of infectious diseases, whether rep...

Designing clinical AI for patient-centered support beyond the visit: the PACT framework for health systems

Clinical AI has advanced rapidly for bounded in-visit tasks such as prediction, documentation, and message generation, yet many costly failures in care occur outside the encounter when follow-up, handoffs, and communication break down. We argue that the next challenge for clinica...

Two new species of Diadiplosis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), predators of mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from Brazil

Abstract Predatory cecidomyiids of the genus Diadiplosis Felt, 1911 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are widely distributed throughout the Neotropical Region. Of the 34 species currently known in the genus, 14 have been recorded from Central and South America, making it, thus far, the ge...

Wireless Communication Evolution: A Comprehensive review of the Architecture, Technologies, Applications, Challenges, and Future Prospects of 6G

6G, the sixth generation of wireless communication, is expected to introduce exceptional technologies and use cases that once seemed fictional. Each generation of wireless communication systems has enabled the exchange of messages such as voice, video and other types of data betw...

Multi-trait assessment of Meloidogyne incognita resistance in developed Cucumis spp. inbred lines: horticultural, physiological, biochemical, and histological insights

This study aimed to develop nematode-resistant inbred lines from Cucumis sativus, C. sativus var. hardwickii, and C. metuliferus, and to elucidate their resistance mechanisms against Meloidogyne incognita. Three parental genotypes were self-pollinated across five generations, wit...

Single-Chain Persistence Theory I: The Persistence Chain — From Genes to Memes (A Unified Inductive Framework from the Origin of Earth Life to Human Civilization)

We present Volume I of the Single-Chain Persistence Theory (SCPT-I): the evolutionary history of Earth life can be uniformly summarized as the persistence of a host-transiting information structure — the persistence chain — carried successively by genes (since ~4.0 Ga) and by mem...

Fostering Computational Thinking for an Adaptive Construction Workforce: Experimental Study of VR-Based Human–Robot Interaction

Abstract Construction work is becoming increasingly technology-intensive, requiring transferable skills that enable effective human–robot interaction (HRI). We designed and evaluated a virtual-reality (VR) training environment that pedagogically integrates computational thinking...

A Multi-Modal Pre-training Framework-Driven Active Learning System for Enhanced Protein Evolution of Cs CE

Abstract Protein language models have shown strong potential in modeling fitness landscapes for directed evolution; however, their predictive accuracy and generalization to unexplored sequence space remain limited under few-shot learning conditions. Here, we present MmALS (Multi-...

On the relevance of serial cyclone clustering for Arctic sea ice

Abstract Short-term changes in Arctic sea-ice concentration (SIC) are largely driven by weather, and strong ice loss typically occurs during intense Arctic cyclones causing unusually warm and stormy conditions. Such conditions are prolonged when several cyclones follow rapidly on...

Flexural strengthening of RC beams with NSM technique by vertical and inclined orientation of CFRP laminate

Abstract Retrofitting of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with FRP materials addresses issues of structural deterioration, offering a robust alternative to traditional steel reinforcement. This study experimentally investigates the flexural strengthening of RC beams using near-surf...

Menstrual and Reproductive Function Before and After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery

Abstract Aims To evaluate the impact of metabolic bariatric surgery on menstrual function, hormonal profiles, and reproductive health in women of reproductive age. Materials and methods In this prospective cohort study, women aged 18–45 years undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass o...

Maximal Compound Curvature as a Complete Observable for Finite Partition Functions

Let $Z^g(\beta)=\sum_{j=1}^{m}g_j e^{-\beta e_j},$ $\qquad 0<g_j,\qquad e_1<\cdots<e_m,$ be a primitive finite weighted partition function. Its Hankel compound partition functions are $\tau_r^g(\beta)$ $=\det\!\bigl(M_{a+b}(\beta)\bigr)_{a,b=0}^{r-1},$ $\qquad$ $M_n(\beta)=\sum_j...