Research works

Multimodal LLMs for Leprosy Diagnostic Support: Evaluating Performance and Healthcare Professionals’ Trust and Acceptance

Leprosy remains a major public health challenge in high-burden regions, where its clinical similarity to other dermatoses and reliance on clinical assessment can contribute to delayed diagnosis. Although multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown potential for dermatologi...

Cardiac Complications of Infections Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis of Clinical Features

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are major causes of respiratory tract infections across different age groups. Although primarily regarded as respiratory pathogens, both viruses have been associated with cardiac complications, whose clinical spec...

Bilateral distal femoral sclerotic lesions in elderly women: a distinct benign imaging pattern associated with fat necrosis and dystrophic calcification

Abstract Objectives To characterize a previously unreported pattern of bilateral distal femoral sclerotic lesions in elderly women and to describe its radiographic, CT, MRI, and histopathologic features. Materials and methods This retrospective study included patients with bilate...

Geopolitical risk and digital financial inclusion in short-run panel dynamics

Digital financial inclusion (DFI) has become an increasingly important policy objective amid rapid digitalization and rising geopolitical fragmentation. This paper examines how geopolitical risks and foreign investment ecosystems influence financial inclusion outcomes in both dev...

System-level design trade-offs in magnetic hyperthermia RF instrumentation: a power electronics and electromagnetic design review

Abstract Purpose Magnetic hyperthermia (MH) is a promising localized cancer therapy based on magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-mediated heating. Although research has extensively focused on MNP development, therapeutic efficacy and safety also depend critically on the engineering of th...

EBV-HSA-RegDB: A database of regulatory interactions between Epstein–Barr virus and human miRNAs

Abstract Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus associated with various malignancies and autoimmune diseases. MiRNAs play crucial roles in viral-host interactions by regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. Understanding the regulatory networks betwe...

Working on AI and Technology Policy in the U.S. Senate

Chronicling authors' experiences and encouraging application of computing and AI expertise supporting technology policymaking.

Current and future therapies for acute myeloblastic leukemia

The management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past decade, as advances in genomic profiling and drug development have expanded therapeutic options and enabled increasingly personalized treatment approaches. This review summarize...

Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils from Five Piper Species against Botrytis cinerea from Strawberry

Abstract Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is susceptible to several fungal diseases, such as gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea, that compromise fruits during and after harvest. Disease control usually involves synthetic fungicides; however, the frequent selection of iso...

Bos indicus cattle resistant to digital dermatitis exhibit a balanced proinflammatory cytokine response upon exposure to Treponema phagedenis in contrast to Bos taurus cattle

Abstract Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) is a globally distributed infectious hoof disease that negatively impacts the wellbeing and productivity of the affected animal. Treponema species and in particular Treponema phagedenis are the microbes strongly associated with the disease...

Evaluating Interventions for Plasmodium vivax Forest Malaria Using a Three-Scale Mathematical Model

Abstract. The rising proportion of Plasmodium vivax cases concentrated in forest-fringe areas across the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) highlights the importance of pharmaceutical and mosquito control techniques specifically targeted toward forest-going populations. To mathematic...

Using multi-trait polygenic scores to predict lithium responsiveness in patients with bipolar disorder

Background The predictive power of polygenic scores (PGSs) for lithium treatment response in bipolar disorder remains limited. Aims To enhance the prediction of lithium responsiveness by developing a multi-trait PGS (mt-PGS) combining genetic information from multiple phenotypes...

ESG Pillar Composition and One-Year Accounting Loss Onset: Evidence from Bloomberg-Covered Firms, 2020–2024

This study examines whether the internal composition of an environmental, social and governance (ESG) rating contains incremental information about one-year accounting-loss onset after the overall ESG level is held constant. Bloomberg environmental (E), social (S) and governance...

Spanne‐Type and Adams‐Type Estimates for Generalized Fractional Integral Operators on Bourgain–Morrey Spaces Over Spaces of Homogeneous Type, With Applications to Schrödinger Operators

ABSTRACT Let be an Ahlfors regular quasi‐metric measure space of dimension (a space of homogeneous type) equipped with a system of dyadic cubes in the sense of Christ and Hytönen–Kairema. We study the boundedness of the generalized fractional integral operator on the Bourgain–Mor...

From Antimicrobial Biomaterials to Infection-Resilient Interfaces: Engineering the Host, Microbe, and Material Interface Against Drug-Resistant Biofilms

Drug-resistant biofilm infections remain a major challenge for medical devices and implants. Biofilm formation can reduce antimicrobial effectiveness through physiological heterogeneity, tolerance, persistence, and interactions with the host and biomaterial surface. Antimicrobial...

Reimagining Inquiry Through AI: Emerging Technologies for Scalable Complex Problem-Solving

Abstract This emerging technology report examines the design, development, and implementation of an artificial intelligence (AI)d chatbot to support inquiry-based learning within a K–12 capstone context. Grounded in the increasing emphasis on ill-structured problem-solving aligne...

Nonequilibrium electron-phonon energy relaxation and valley-resolved Joule heating in monolayer MoS₂ MOSFETs

Temperature rise and hotspot formation induced by self-heating severely affect the performance and reliability of two-dimensional (2D) electronic devices. Here, a first-principles-based multiscale framework combining density functional theory, TCAD simulations, and electron Monte...

Beyond carbon dioxide: decoupling headspace and buffering reveals a bicarbonate requirement for anaerobic gut fungi growth

Abstract Background Anaerobic gut fungi ( Neocallimastigomycota ) are major lignocellulose degraders in herbivore gastrointestinal tracts, but reproducible axenic cultivation remains difficult because conventional serum-bottle systems intrinsically couple CO 2 headspace, bicarbon...

Mechanisms of enhanced piezoelectric response in nanoporous GaN revealed by quantitative mapping

Electrochemical etching provides a route to introduce nanoscale porosity to GaN and enhance its electromechanical properties. It remains unclear whether this enhancement results from electrostatic effects such as carrier depletion or mechanical effects such as softening. Nonethel...

Quantifying local mechanical work at the nanoscale in optically driven piezoelectric membranes

Quantifying mechanical work generation in active micro- and nanoscale systems requires measuring both displacement and force under controlled loading conditions, yet most approaches probe these quantities separately. Here, we present an atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based method...