Immunology and Microbiology · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Hospital wastewater can provide a pooled view of antimicrobial resistance, but its results did not consistently match traditional hospital surveillance. A review of 36 studies found that differing sampling and testing methods, along with poor timing alignment, make comparisons difficult.
Researchers developed an AI tool that predicts meropenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae from genome data. It showed higher sensitivity and fewer missed resistant strains than ResFinder and AMRFinderPlus in global, African and Thai test datasets.
Researchers examined prescribing patterns among 239,995 Danish residents with type 2 diabetes who were diagnosed at age 40 or older. Nearly one third had at least one possible omission under the study's general prescribing criteria, and prescribing gaps involving cardiovascular care were common. The study found associations with being female and living alone, but it did not show that these factors caused the prescribing differences.
Researchers analyzed Japanese health-insurance claims for people aged 75 or younger who had tooth extractions between April 2012 and March 2024. After dental antibiotic guidelines were introduced or updated, use of third-generation cephalosporins fell overall, especially in some hospitals and later in dental clinics; surgical-site infection rates did not change in the analysis. Because this was an observational study, the findings show patterns associated with the guidelines rather than proving that the guidelines alone caused them.
A review of 46 studies finds antibiotic residues across several environmental systems in Ghana. The contamination may provide reservoirs for resistant bacteria and resistance genes, raising concerns about the spread of drug resistance.
Researchers studied stress ulcer prophylaxis—medicines intended to reduce the risk of stomach ulcers or bleeding—among 229 critically ill patients in three public hospital ICUs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In this prospective observational study, inappropriate use was reported during admission, the ICU stay and at discharge. The findings describe prescribing patterns in these hospitals and do not prove that any patient outcome was caused by the medicines or by their inappropriate use.
