University of Virginia

Multiscale model calibrated with a Bayesian algorithm predicts long-term outcomes of treatments for mitral valve regurgitation in animal models

In primary mitral valve regurgitation (MR), a failing valve induces volume overload (VO) of the left ventricle (LV), triggering neurohormonal responses and myocardial remodeling. Surgical valve repair is the most effective therapy for MR, improving symptoms and in some patients r...

A Prophet Not Accepted in His Own Time: Hyman Minsky, the Disruption of the Postwar Growth Model by Financial Innovation, and the Vision of a Truly Wage-Led Economy

Since the financial crisis of 2007–9, the economics of Hyman Minsky has inspired calls to reduce financial instability so as to rebalance the current US growth model or even to replace that growth model with a new one that would distribute prosperity more evenly. Why did Minsky's...

Early treatment prevents neuronal loss in experimental status epilepticus: A magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study

Abstract Objective In status epilepticus there are concerns that the prolonged high‐intensity electrographic seizure activity causes neuronal death and poorer outcomes. In animal models of status epilepticus, early treatment that stops the seizures prevents the later development...

The Oxidation Behavior of Ti6242S–Ti4822 Composites

Abstract Motivated by emerging interests in high temperature multimaterial topology optimized blisk structures, accelerated characterization of the oxidation behavior of composites comprised of consolidated near-α Ti alloy Ti6242S and γ-TiAl-based Ti4822 powders is investigated....

An omnichannel strategy development framework leveraging customer opinion divergence using large language models and explainable AI

Successful omnichannel retail management requires integrated strategies because customers evaluate product aspects differently across online and offline channels. However, prior research has relied on macro-level or qualitative analyses that cannot quantify which specific aspects...

Updated flexible global parametrization of generalized parton distributions from elastic and deep inelastic inclusive scattering data

Abstract An updated flexible parametrization of the generalized parton distributions in the quark, antiquark and gluon sectors is presented using constraints from high precision electron nucleon deep inelastic scattering data, from the u and d flavor separated nucleon electromagn...

Does an alar ligament tubercle exist? Anatomical study with application to imaging interpretation and skull base approaches

Although numerous anatomical and radiological studies describe a "tubercle" of the alar ligaments at the medial OC as the alar ligament insertion, no systematic osteological investigation has evaluated the prevalence, morphology, and variability of this structure. Therefore, this...

High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features: a clinical and genomic analysis of prognostic factors using a large cohort

BACKGROUND: High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently defined tumor type that is not well-understood. Prognostic factors of clinical outcomes are not well-established. METHODS: Methylation profiling was performed on tumor samples, many at the National Cance...

Appraising familial prediction of proband outcomes in neurogenetic disorders

Abstract Background Gene dosage disorders impact cognition and psychopathology, but outcomes vary widely amongst carriers of the same variant. Recent work has sought to better predict proband outcomes using measures of corresponding traits in family members. However, family-based...

Pilot of a Micro‐Randomized Factorial Trial of Self‐Monitoring Feedback in a Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention

ABSTRACT Background The provision of self‐monitoring feedback has been demonstrated to improve weight loss program outcomes; however, there is little evidence to support how this feedback should be delivered. Micro‐randomized factorial trial designs can examine the proximal impac...

Group trends in posttraumatic stress disorder and suicidal ideation over the 10 years after traumatic brain injury among veterans/service members: A VA model systems study

Abstract Objective To identify group‐based patterns in suicidal ideation (SI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms over the first 10 years after traumatic brain injury (TBI) among Veterans and Service Members (V/SMs). Setting V/SMs enrolled in the Department of Veter...

Genetic Diagnosis in Epilepsy: Implications for Clinical Management

Purpose of Review To describe the clinical implications of genetic diagnoses in epilepsy and the recent advancements in this field. Recent Findings A genetic diagnosis in epilepsy has been shown to impact clinical management in almost half of individuals, often within three month...

Microglial GRB2 is essential for brain ventriculogenesis and CSF homeostasis

Microglia play essential yet poorly understood roles in brain development, including axon guidance, regulation of neurogenesis, and pruning of neuronal projections. Congenital hydrocephalus (CH), characterized by enlarged cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled ventricles, is a leading...

International consensus guidance for general population screening for islet autoantibodies to diagnose early-stage type 1 diabetes: a nominal group technique process

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that targets and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets. The incidence of type 1 diabetes is rising globally. At the clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, between 20% and 67% of children and adolescents present wit...

Markers of microvascular instability predict severity and survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Introduction Most research on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has focused on the interplay among fibroblasts, the immune system and epithelial cells. There is growing evidence that microvascular dysfunction also plays a role in disease progression, but large human translation...

Proba’s Eve as Pandora: Hesiodic Echoes in the Cento

Abstract This paper argues that in her Cento Proba, who shares the Church Fathers’ unfavorable view on women, alters the account of Genesis to increase Eve’s responsibility for the woes of humankind. To accomplish this goal, she chooses from the Vergilian corpus specific lines th...

Patient-Reported Outcomes Reveal Distinct Sinonasal Phenotype in Vitiligo-Associated Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Introduction: Vitiligo is a chronic, T1-skewed autoimmune depigmentation disorder associated with substantial psychosocial burden and a range of immune-mediated comorbidities. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous inflammatory condition whose clinical expression is shap...

Maternal neighborhood deprivation and its association with early childhood neurodevelopmental impairment in extremely preterm infants

Abstract Objective Evaluate whether maternal Area Deprivation Index (ADI) is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at age 2 in extremely preterm infants. Study design Retrospective cohort study of infants <29 weeks’ gestation at four NICUs spanning multiple US regio...

End-to-End Trained Energy-Based Model for Image Recovery

This paper presents a novel end-to-end (E2E) empirical Bayes framework for learning the posterior distribution in linear inverse problems. The proposed framework models the log-posterior as the sum of a log-likelihood derived from the known forward model and a neural network-para...

Star cluster formation from turbulent clumps. V. Stellar clustering around massive stars

Abstract Massive stars (≥8 M⊙) are known to have high degrees of multiplicity, e.g., with about 60% in triples or higher-order multiples. Such high levels of multiplicity may arise during formation (primary multiplicity) or through dynamical processing of already formed stars in...