University of Virginia

“It’s Just Us Against the World”: Lived Experiences of Head Start Teachers on the Relationship Between Working Conditions, Well-Being, and Classroom Practice

Research Findings: Based on the lived experiences of Head Start (HS) teachers, this study aims to understand their perceptions of their psychological and physical well-being, the relationships between their work and well-being, and the support they need in the workplace to improv...

Improving the Timeliness of Test Result Management After Hospital Discharge

BACKGROUND: Failure to follow up on test results pending at discharge (TPAD) is a well-documented patient safety issue, affecting 20% to 61% of hospitalized patients. At our institution, TPAD management practices varied, and no standardized process existed. OBJECTIVE: To increase...

Practice-Based, Online Modules for Expediting Teacher Skill Development

The time available for pre-service teacher education is increasingly limited. Teacher preparation programs must find innovative ways to develop teachers’ skills within contracted timeframes. One approach is to cover content with online modules. However, most modules teach about s...

Landowner Perspectives on Restoration in the Wet Tropics: Barriers, Motivations and Opportunities for Participation

Widespread deforestation and habitat fragmentation have critically impacted biodiversity in Australia’s Wet Tropics, where ecological restoration increasingly relies on private landowners. This study explores landowner perspectives on revegetation in the Atherton Tablelands, a re...

CASE: Contrastive Activation for Class-Sensitive Explanations

Abstract Saliency methods are widely used to visualize which input features are deemed relevant to a model’s prediction. However, their visual plausibility can obscure critical limitations. In this work, we propose a diagnostic test for class sensitivity: a method’s ability to di...

Current Insights on CNS-Targeted Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease

Matrix metalloproteinases, or MMPs, are enzymes that depend on zinc and play a key role in remodelling the extracellular matrix as well as regulating neuroinflammation within the central nervous system. There's growing evidence that when MMP activity is imbalanced, it contributes...

Randomized phase II trial of liposomal cytarabine and daunorubicin with or without pomalidomide in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia myelodysplasia-related

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The Developing Aesthetic Brain and Its Social Origins

Neuroaesthetics has mapped the mature brain networks underlying aesthetic experience but lacks a developmental mechanism explaining how these networks become tuned to produce culturally specific preferences. The developmental-neuroaesthetics framework developed here centers on a...

Responsible AI in Education: Multilingual, Multimodal, and Relational Futures

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping education, yet most AI in education systems are grounded in Western, monolingual, and individualistic models of learning. These systems can perpetuate inequities by overlooking the multilingual, multimodal, and culturally situated...

An Accelerated Longitudinal Design Study Examining Emotional Engagement toward Learning Science from Grades 3 through 12

Abstract As educators, we often see the enthusiasm for learning science in schools starting out strong in primary years and then fading as student progress into middle and secondary school. The motivation of this study is to offer a picture of how students’ emotional engagement i...

The nucleoside analog kamuvudine-9 shows protective and therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis

Innate immune signaling through inflammasome activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). We previously demonstrated that nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), drugs approved to treat HIV and hepatitis B virus infections, and kamuv...

Personalized insulin therapy optimization: Guided multi-objective optimization for clinically relevant decision support

Despite significant progress in automated insulin delivery systems, therapy optimization for individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains limited by generalized strategies that overlook personal preferences and risk tolerances. Building on our prior work, this study presents an...

Temporal Dynamics of Urinary Extracellular Vesicle Excretion and Cargo in Healthy Subjects over 24 Hours

Abstract Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) are promising non-invasive biomarkers of renal physiology and pathology, yet little is known about their temporal excretion patterns or optimal normalization strategies as urine concentrations vary significantly during the day. In th...

Classifying group actions on hyperbolic spaces

For a given group G , it is natural to ask whether one can classify all isometric G -actions on Gromov hyperbolic spaces. We propose a formalization of this problem utilizing the complexity theory of Borel equivalence relations. In this paper, we focus on actions of general type,...

From Data-Model Fit to Model-World Fit: A Framework for Integrating Domain Knowledge into Artificial Intelligence

Machine-learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) systems often perform well in controlled settings but fail when deployed in the real world. These failures stem from a fundamental problem: ML/AI models optimize data-model fit by increasing statistical performance on training d...

The impact of big data analytics on social and environmental innovation

Purpose Not only is paying attention to the environment the responsibility of all people, but organizations and businesses should also consider their environmental behavior. Advances in various industries and the use of new technologies have changed business activities and proces...

Spinal interoceptive pathways as therapeutic targets in depression

Interoception is commonly defined as the process by which the nervous system senses, interprets and integrates signals from the body. Converging theoretical frameworks propose that signals about bodily states are conveyed by spinal interoceptive pathways (SIPs) to a distributed i...

Accommodation in the vertical supply chain: Implications of manufacturer dual tracking

Abstract Research Summary The prevalence of dual tracking, in which upstream manufacturers simultaneously produce branded and private‐label products for downstream retailers, has increased substantially in recent years, driven by growing consumer demand for private‐label products...

Tenascin N contributes to spinal motor nerve morphogenesis during development

Spinal motor nerves are an integral component of the nervous system whose development requires the coordination of many diverse cell types, including motor neurons, glia, and muscle. Although several molecular mechanisms guiding these interactions are known, many remain to be unc...

Final state sensitivity and fractal basin boundaries from coupled Chialvo neurons

Abstract We investigate and quantify the basin geometry and extreme final state uncertainty of two identical electrically asymmetrically coupled Chialvo neurons. The system’s diverse behaviors are presented, along with the mathematical reasoning behind its chaotic and nonchaotic...