University of Virginia

Global origins of tuna and billfish fisheries reveal the transition from coastal access to oceanic exploitation

Ocean ecosystems have played a crucial role in people’s lives around the world for millennia. However, questions persist about when, why, and how people first began removing biomass from offshore habitats and established fisheries in distant, oceanic environments. We explore the...

Bacterial Surfaces and Barriers: Biogenesis and Pathogen–Host Interactions

Abstract The bacterial surface represents the primary interface between pathogens and hosts, yet its chemical and architectural complexity challenges conventional classification. This Review examines structural organization, molecular composition, and biogenesis of bacterial surf...

Cosmological Constraints from Full-scale Clustering and Galaxy–Galaxy Lensing with DESI DR1

Abstract We present constraints on cosmic structure growth from the analysis of galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing with galaxies from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1. Our analysis includes four samples drawn from the Bright Galaxy Survey (B...

The Dynamics of the Racial Wealth Gap

ABSTRACT We study the dynamics of the racial wealth gap (the wealth of Black households relative to white ones) using a dynamic equilibrium model of overlapping generations. We match the model to the cross‐sectional distributions of wealth and earnings by race. We find that equal...

Dose-Escalated Focal Salvage High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy and Genomic Classifier Risk Stratification in Radiorecurrent Prostate Cancer: The F-SHARP Phase I/II Clinical Trial

Purpose Prospective data on the management of intraprostatic radiorecurrence (IPR) after definitive radiotherapy (RT) and use of genomic classifiers (GC) in this setting are limited. We hypothesized that dose-escalated focal salvage high-dose-rate brachytherapy (DE-fsHDR) would b...

Safety and Efficacy of Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution in Female Patients

Importance Female patients undergoing cardiac surgery have a higher transfusion burden, yet they remain underrepresented in randomized clinical trials. Although the ANH trial showed no significant reduction in the proportion of patients receiving allogeneic blood transfusions wit...

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Pneumonitis in Patients Treated for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improve outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) but may be associated with pneumonitis. We retrospectively studied adults with mRCC who began first- or second-line ICI therapy at the University of Virginia Medical Center between 2015...

Coupling Luciferase Activation and Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer Enables High-Contrast Red-Window Calcium Imaging

Abstract Genetically encoded bioluminescent calcium indicators enable excitation-free imaging of Ca2+ dynamics with low background and without excitation-associated photobleaching. However, many exhibit lower dynamic ranges than their fluorescent counterparts, motivating the deve...

Surgical and Radiographic Outcomes in Cervical Deformity Patients with High T1 Slope and High C2 Slope (HTHC) Versus Low T1 Slope and High C2 Slope (LTHC)

Study Design. Retrospective analysis of a prospective multicenter operative cervical deformity (CD) database. Objective. To determine whether T1 slope (T1S) and C2 slope (C2S) together identify distinct CD phenotypes: cervical-only versus global sagittal deformity, and to compare...

Managing the Noise: Harnessing the Power of Graph Neural Networks to Detect Subsurface Damage under Noisy Experimental Settings

Abstract Aging infrastructure with limited budgets has driven stakeholders to explore new methods for monitoring structural health. Structural health monitoring represents a strategy to address this challenge using physical measurements to characterize performance. This approach...

Issues in the Analysis of Data: A Replication of Zuckerman et al. (1993) and Extension to Contemporary Developmental Research

Developmental psychology relies on statistical evidence to draw conclusions about change, mechanisms, and context, but the validity of those conclusions depends on whether researchers interpret that evidence correctly. This article examines whether psychological researchers recog...

Joint Modeling of GD-1 and C-19 as Old Streams

Abstract DESI observational data for the GD-1 and C-19 streams are compared to stream simulations in an evolving multihalo potential of a Milky Way–like galaxy based on a cosmological Milky Way–like simulation. The number of subhalos decreases with time, and the subhalo-stream en...

Quality and Engagement Metrics of Short Versus Long-Form Videos on Atrial Fibrillation

Background Many patients with AF seek online resources for information to understand their condition and treatments.Objective To compare the quality and audience engagement of short- and long-form videos on AF and to determine the correlation between uploader type and audience en...

Perspectives on Gender Equity: A National Survey of Pediatric Hospital Medicine Division Leaders

OBJECTIVE: To assess pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) division leaders' perspectives on gender equity in their divisions and organizations. METHODS: In 2025, we conducted a cross-sectional Research Electronic Data Capture survey distributed via email to 236 PHM division leaders....

A case study describing the adaptation and implementation of game design studio to explore indigenous youths' educational experiences

Game design can promote learning and collaboration and provide adolescents with an opportunity to explore topics of importance to them. “Game Design Studio” (GDS) is a youth-centered workshop that invites youth to analyze and design games. To increase cultural relevance for Indig...

Virtual recreation of urban heritage of Jingdezhen for immersive VR display

To unify the decoupled dimensions of scientific rigor and contextual narrative in virtual heritage display, this paper uses the VR project developed for Jingdezhen’s bid for World Cultural Heritage as a case study, and establishes a workflow for the virtual recreation of urban he...

Development and Validation of the TLOS: A Measure of Child-Centered and Adult-Centered Learning Orientations and Its Revelations About Montessori Versus Conventional Pedagogy

Existing measures of child- versus adult-centered teaching beliefs are couched in the language of conventional teaching methods. Here we describe development and validation of the new Teachers’ Learning Orientation Scale (TLOS), a measure of student- and teacher-oriented beliefs...

The First Multi-Messenger Nova: External Shocks, TeV Photons, and Neutrinos in the Next Eruption of T CrB

Abstract T Coronae Borealis is the most compelling anticipated Galactic recurrent nova and one of the best opportunities to test whether nova eruptions can become genuine multi-messenger transients. Recent observational work on classical novae has shown that the GeV γ-ray luminos...

Investigating anomalous microwave emission near G107.2+5.20 in Ku-band with the Green Bank Telescope

Abstract Anomalous microwave emission (AME) is 30 GHz-peaking continuum emission thought to arise from spinning dust grains. Building a spatially resolved sample of regions could offer insight into environmental drivers and the grain populations that produce AME. Using the Green...

Theory-informed redesign of clinical reasoning education in the era of generative artificial intelligence

Abstract Clinical reasoning is a foundational competency that develops over the course of training and comprises two sub-components. Diagnostic reasoning classifies a patient’s condition and assigns a diagnostic label, whereas management reasoning weighs multiple defensible plans...