University of Oslo

Epigenetic ageing is accelerated in drug-resistant epilepsy and dynamically modulated during ketogenic diet therapy

Background The ketogenic diet (KD) is an established treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy. Beyond seizure reduction, many patients report improved energy, cognition, and well-being. DNA methylation (DNAm)–based epigenetic clocks provide molecular indices of biological ageing and...

Applying Bjørk’s model as a framework for practical skill performances in nursing education placement: a qualitative content analysis of students’ reflection notes

Abstract Background As many newly graduated nurses lack proficiency in practical nursing skills, understanding their development during education and placements is important for delivering high-quality patient care. This study explored first-year nursing students’ reflections on...

Age at Autism Diagnosis in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa): Exploring the Association With Family Well-Being

For many autistic individuals, close family members represent a crucial source of support throughout their lifetime. Early autism diagnosis is thought to benefit both autistic individuals and their family members by facilitating early access to services and information. However,...

Familial Co‐Aggregation of Neurodevelopmental Conditions and Childhood‐Onset Type 1 Diabetes

ABSTRACT Aim Childhood‐onset Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs). We examined whether this association extends to relatives and assessed phenotypic, genetic, and environmental correlations between T1D and NDCs. Methods Using Swedish regis...

Calcium handling in post-infarction arrhythmias - evidence from large animals

Understanding the causes of ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction (MI) remains a major challenge to academic and clinical medicine. Key concepts in the pathophysiology underlying such events are based on studies in rodents, in whom altered sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR...

Contrasting population genetic structures of freshwater eels ( Anguilla marmorata, A. bicolor, A. mossambica ) from Madagascar

Abstract Freshwater eels (genus Anguilla ) are of major biological and commercial interest due to their complex catadromous life cycle and as a high‐value fishery resource, but the biology of tropical species is still poorly understood. This study investigates the genetic integri...

Significant fine-scale population differentiation in two common bumblebee species (B. pascuorum and B. lapidarius) detected in Northern Europe

Abstract Bumblebees are keystone pollinators which facilitate the reproduction of a wide range of wild and agricultural plants. Their abundance and diversity have been severely reduced by anthropogenic stressors such as widespread land-use change and habitat fragmentation. Howeve...

Screen Use and Children’s Language Development From Ages 5 to 7 Years

Importance Concerns about screen use and early language development are widespread, and prior research has reported mixed findings. Many studies have not distinguished baseline differences from developmental change, leaving uncertainty about whether screen use is associated with...

Airborne eddy covariance measurements of ocean-air VOC fluxes: Distinguishing signal from noise

Abstract. Ocean-atmosphere exchange plays an important but uncertain role for many volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Airborne eddy covariance (EC) enables direct flux quantification over large areas, but VOC applications have largely been performed over land. Here we combine the...

Adult support and its role in the association between childhood adversity and quality of life in a population-based study

Abstract Background Childhood adversities can have long-term impacts on quality of life (QoL), health, and well-being. We surveyed an adult population to assess the prevalence of three common adverse childhood experiences (ACEs): parental alcohol problems, parental mental illness...

From Neuropeptides to Toxins: Illuminating the Origins of Venom Complexity in Cone Snails

Abstract New genes and gene functions are key drivers of evolutionary innovation. Venomous animals, such as cone snails, provide striking examples of gene innovation, yet the mechanisms by which toxins arise remain poorly understood. Using the Conus textile genome, we uncover how...

Medication transitions and predictors of illicit substance use during opioid agonist treatment: a three-year follow-up study

Abstract Background For opioid use disorder (OUD), pharmacological therapy using methadone or buprenorphine, plus psychosocial support, is the most effective opioid agonist treatment (OAT). Long-acting injectable buprenorphine (LAIB) is the newest buprenorphine formulation. This...

Adolescents at the crossroads: genetic associations between psychotic symptoms and antisocial traits

<title>Abstract</title> Antisocial behaviour in youth has serious consequences at individual and societal level. Adolescence is also a critical period for the emergence of prodromal psychosis symptoms. Their co-occurrence may aggravate aggression and lead to severe adverse outcom...

Methods of Selective Inference for Linear Mixed Models: A Review and Empirical Comparison

Summary Selective inference aims at providing valid inference after a data‐driven selection of models or hypotheses. It is essential to avoid overconfident results and replicability issues. While significant advances have been made in this area for standard regression models, rel...

Voice metrics and workload in helicopter rescue: insights from ninety-six cockpit recordings

The relationship between subjective workload and task performance is multifaceted. In aviation research, task performance is typically evaluated using multiple variables. Voice metrics can provide valuable insights regarding operational improvements and offer objective assessment...

Measuring Ocean Surface Waves

Abstract Propagating waves on the ocean surface can be represented as a stochastic process whose statistics are characterized by a spectrum. This paper reviews methods for measuring the wave spectrum and related quantities. Observations begin by sensing fluid dynamical properties...

The societal costs of suicide – a Norwegian register-based study

Suicide constitutes a serious public health problem, leaving many more bereaved. It also represents a major economic burden to society, and the aim of this study was to estimate the societal costs of suicide in Norway. This cost-of-illness study included direct suicide-related co...

Association of Higher Caries Levels With Reduced Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Among Somali School Children in Hargeisa

Background Evidence on how Somali children are affected by their oral health status is limited. This study aimed to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among 12-year-old schoolchildren in Hargeisa, Somaliland, and to examine the potential association of dental car...

Aphasia treatment research: a decision-making tool to guide the design of phased trials from the Collaboration of Aphasia Trialists (CATs) trials for aphasia panel

Background Systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials with meta-analyses indicate that speech and language therapy for aphasia after stroke is effective in improving communication. However, high-quality evidence to identify an intervention’s target population (who), regim...

Spatial organization of the tumor-immune microenvironment in ER-positive breast cancer with treatment remodeling and associated clinical responses

The tumor microenvironment influences treatment response in ER-positive breast cancer, but what distinguishes responders from non-responders and how it changes during treatment is poorly understood. Here, we profiled ER-positive breast tumors treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy...