University of Minnesota

Terrestrial paleoenvironments and paleoclimate during the Miocene climate optimum at Buluk, East Turkana, Kenya

Understanding the environmental and climatic context of Neogene fossil localities in eastern Africa is critical for determining potential drivers of evolution in our hominoid ancestors and their floral and faunal communities. In this study, we reconstructed paleoenvironments and...

Astrocytic Resource Diffusion Stabilizes Persistent Activity in Neural Fields

Abstract. Persistent neural activity underlying working memory requires sustained synaptic transmission, yet the metabolic and neurotransmitter support provided by astrocyte networks is largely absent from spatially extended neural circuit models. We introduce a coupled astrocyte...

Mitotic molecular braking prevents DNA damage in anaphase

During mitosis, duplicated sister chromatids are sorted into opposite poles of a dividing mother cell. In all eukaryotic cells, the speed at which sister chromatids are separated during anaphase, the final phase of mitosis, is limited by targeted regulatory mechanisms. However, t...

L‐Cysteine and N‐Acetylcysteine Supplementation Improves Clinical Outcome in a Patient With COXPD10

ABSTRACT MTO1 is a nuclear gene that encodes a mitochondrial protein essential for modifying mitochondrial transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and stabilizing codon‐anticodon interactions to ensure accurate and efficient mitochondrial protein synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondr...

Level Playing Fields According to American Youth: How Young People Understand and Navigate Meritocracy in Sports

This paper draws on interviews with a large and diverse cross-section of youth (N = 81) in the Twin Cities of Minnesota to explore how American young people understand, experience, and act upon ideals of meritocracy and fairness in youth sports. Qualitative thematic coding yields...

Institutional data commons: a federated Data Use Certification-aware architecture for secure and scalable data use in biomedical data ecosystems

Abstract Background Modern biomedical data ecosystems increasingly rely on global cloud platforms to coordinate access to large-scale genomic and clinical datasets. However, operational governance remains largely investigator-centric, shifting the responsibility for complex secur...

Impact of Radiation Therapy on Physical and Psychosocial Health of Adolescents and Young Adults: A Joint Report From the Children's Oncology Group AYA and Radiation Oncology Committees

ABSTRACT Rates of cancer among adolescents and young adults (AYA), age 15–39 years, are increasing. Consequently, radiation oncologists are treating more AYAs who have diagnoses spanning both pediatric and adult practices. Compared to pediatric and older adult patients, AYAs face...

Accurate single-step error estimation and universality for second-order implicit and explicit time integration algorithms in computational mechanics

This paper presents a unified single-step a posteriori error estimator for a broad class of second-order implicit and explicit time integration schemes used in solid mechanics, structural dynamics, fluid–structure interaction, and hyperbolic heat transfer and the like. The estima...

Cereal and cereal with milk are cost-efficient breakfast foods for delivery of protein, whole grains and shortfall nutrients in US children’s dietary patterns

Abstract Background Limited data have compared the cost-efficiency of delivering whole grains and nutrients from routinely consumed American breakfast foods. Methods Data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used to determine shortfall nutrie...

Promising Patient‐Engagement Practices Used by National Research Networks at the US Veterans Health Administration: Perspectives of Veterans, Staff, and Research Leaders

ABSTRACT Introduction Active involvement of patients is an essential feature of learning health systems and patient‐centered research. Research networks and healthcare organizations lack guidance on best practices for developing and sustaining patient engagement infrastructure. W...

Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: An Update.

➢ Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head should be suspected in patients who are <50 years of age who have persistent hip pain despite normal radiographs. ➢ Bilateral involvement is common; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the contralateral hip is recommended. ➢ MRI is...

Landscape of approaches for streamlining pre-analytical and early analytical variables for solid tumor next-generation sequencing: A Genomics Organization for Academic Laboratories consortium report

The scope of pre-analytical and early analytical methods used in clinical molecular laboratories can have vast effects on the quality and turnaround time for solid tumor next-generation sequencing assays. To learn more about various approaches, a survey of 24 academic laboratorie...

Global Variation in Fusion Assessment Practices Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

Study DesignCross-sectional survey.ObjectivesTo characterize global variation in imaging modalities, fusion criteria, and decision-making practices for assessing fusion following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).MethodsA modified 30-item survey using Delphi-informed...

High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features: a clinical and genomic analysis of prognostic factors using a large cohort

BACKGROUND: High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently defined tumor type that is not well-understood. Prognostic factors of clinical outcomes are not well-established. METHODS: Methylation profiling was performed on tumor samples, many at the National Cance...

Effects of a maternal bovine appeasing substance at dry-off on dairy cow behavior following dry-off

ABSTRACT Objective The primary objective was to determine whether administration of maternal bovine appeasing substance (MBAS) at abrupt dry-off influenced rumina-tion time. The secondary objectives were to evaluate its effects on eating time and activity during the first 14 d af...

Natural Language Processing to Improve Vertebral Fracture Identification in Older Adults Receiving Osteoporosis Therapy

INTRODUCTION: Vertebral fracture identification using administrative codes is challenging because diagnoses often occur outside hospital and orthopedic care settings. Outpatient diagnoses improve capture but increase misclassification. Accurate methods are important for populatio...

PolyGraphPy: A unified Python framework for atomistic simulation and machine learning-driven polymer design

Polymers are indispensable materials with daily applications ranging from electronics to medicine, owing to their versatility, which can be tailored by adjusting their chemical composition and architecture. The design space for these compounds is vast and governed by factors such...

Manure to insect farming for feed mitigates nitrogen and greenhouse gas emissions

Livestock manure is nutrient-rich and represents a promising feedstock for insect farming, with insect protein offering a high-quality alternative to conventional crop-based livestock feed. This pathway has substantial potential to mitigate nitrogen (N) and greenhouse gas (GHG) e...

“I Will Never Be Enough Because My Skin Color Isn’t Right”: Structural Racism and Healthcare Access Following Nonfatal Strangulation Among Black Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence

Background: Nonfatal strangulation (NFS) is one of the most lethal forms of intimate partner violence (IPV) that is associated with increased risk of future homicide, yet it frequently goes unrecognized within healthcare settings. Black women experience disproportionately high ra...

Cognitive Outcomes among Cannabis Users with and without a History of Polysubstance Use

Abstract Despite substantial efforts to understand the impact of cannabis use on cognition, the potential effects remain debated. More research focusing on how cannabis is used, specifically around the quantity used and cannabis co-use with other substances, is needed to better u...