University of Minnesota

Facilitating best practices in practicum training in clinical neuropsychology: introducing the North American Association of practicum sites in neuropsychology (NAPSN) organizational training guidelines

INTRODUCTION: The North American Association of Practicum Sites in Neuropsychology (NAPSN) was established in 2023 to support external practicum programs in urban, suburban, and rural areas in the United States and Canada by providing resources for member practicum programs and s...

Who is eligible for lung cancer screening, and where are they? National subpopulation estimates of people eligible for lung cancer screening

BACKGROUND: The utilization of lung cancer screening services is less than 20%. There are a myriad of barriers at the patient, provider, and health care system levels that account for such low uptake. One reason lung cancer screening rates remain low is that identifying who is el...

New Results on the Polyak Stepsize: Tight Convergence Analysis and Universal Function Classes

Abstract. In this paper, we revisit a classical adaptive stepsize strategy for gradient descent: the Polyak stepsize (PolyakGD), originally proposed in Polyak [ USSR Comput. Math. Math. Phys., 9 (1969), pp. 14–29]. We study the convergence behavior of PolyakGD from two perspectiv...

Theory-informed redesign of clinical reasoning education in the era of generative artificial intelligence

Abstract Clinical reasoning is a foundational competency that develops over the course of training and comprises two sub-components. Diagnostic reasoning classifies a patient’s condition and assigns a diagnostic label, whereas management reasoning weighs multiple defensible plans...

Nicotine replacement therapy sampling for cigarette cessation in dental care: A National Dental Practice‐Based Research Network cluster randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cigarette smoking is detrimental to oral health. Oral health professionals rarely prescribe smoking cessation medications. Nicotine replacement therapy sampling (NRTS), providing brief starter courses of NRT, could improve provision of NRT and promote cessati...

Data Mining Sheds Light on a Novel Family of Plant-Associated Negative-Sense RNA Viruses Linked to Lispiviruses

Large-scale mining of public transcriptomic datasets can reveal viral diversity that remains invisible to conventional virus-surveillance approaches, while increasingly powerful structure-prediction methods provide a complementary route to characterizing highly divergent viral pr...

Radiative Corrections and Reheating in Supergravity Models of Inflation

We consider the effects of radiative corrections in Starobinsky-like models of inflation, concentrating on models of inflation formulated in N=1 no-scale supergravity. Inflaton couplings with matter fields are necessary for reheating and these have an impact on loop corrections d...

Thyroid carcinoma in Graves’ disease: a retrospective analysis of prevalence, histological subtypes, and clinical predictors

Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune cause of hyperthyroidism frequently associated with thyroid nodularity. However, whether GD confers an increased risk of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) compared with euthyroid populations remains uncertain, and reliable clinical predi...

Transient Propagation of a Toughness-Dominated Plane-Strain Hydraulic Fracture in a Diffusive Porous Medium

Abstract We develop a transient framework for modeling toughness-dominated plane-strain hydraulic fracture propagation in permeable formations that incorporates fully two-dimensional (2D) pore pressure diffusion. The formulation employs an impulse response approach to evaluate th...

Large language models for digital mental health: an HCI-centered scoping review

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly reshaping digital mental health, yet how these systems are designed, used, and evaluated remains poorly characterized. We conducted an HCI-centered scoping review of 84 studies examining mental health tasks, stakeholders, interaction parad...

Epigenetic insights into extreme longevity in the world’s oldest terrestrial animal, Jonathan

Aldabra giant tortoises ( Aldabrachelys gigantea ) are exceptionally long-lived. We sequenced the genome and methylome of Jonathan, a 194-year-old Aldabra, to explore the molecular basis of his longevity. Relative to other giant tortoises ( A. gigantea and Chelonoidis abingdonii...

Crisis, segmentation, and immigrant labor market incorporation: COVID-19 in the U.S. restaurant industry

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic generated an unprecedented labor market shock that disproportionately affected face-to-face service sectors central to immigrant employment. This study examines whether the pandemic reaffirmed or revealed limits to the narrative of immigrant resilie...

En masse scanning and semi-automated surfacing of small objects using micro-CT

Modern archaeological studies increasingly utilize three-dimensional virtual representations of objects, high resolution scanning, large datasets, computationally intensive analyses, and machine learning. With higher resolution scans, challenges surrounding computational power, m...

Barriers to Reducing Subthreshold Phototherapy for Neonatal Jaundice

OBJECTIVE: In a national, multicenter quality improvement (QI) collaborative to reduce subthreshold inpatient phototherapy, the proportion of subthreshold encounters was high at baseline and remained high after the intervention period. This study aimed to assess why clinicians st...

State of Stress in Subduction Zone Forearcs: Influence of the Mantle Wedge Corner and Serpentinization

Abstract We investigate the role of the elasticity and density of the forearc mantle wedge corner on the stress distribution in the forearc region of subduction zones, using numerical quasi‐2D lithospheric deformation models for the Cascadia, Nankai, NE Japan, and Costa Rica subd...

Anticoagulation Treatment Response Among Phenotypic ESUS Clusters: Evidence From CASPR

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate treatment effect heterogeneity across phenotypic clusters of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke using causal inference methods. Methods From a retrospective, multicenter cohort of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke, we estimated the trea...

Ideathons as anti-oppressive social work pedagogy: a case study with counternarrative

Anti-oppressive practice is central to social work, yet social work education offers limited opportunities for students to negotiate power and practice collective responses to structural oppression. This qualitative case study examined participants’ experiences of the Digital Jus...

Aridity regulates scale-dependent effects of multiple resource additions on productivity stability in Eurasian grasslands

Increasing the supply of multiple limiting resources generally reduces biodiversity and community stability in grasslands. Aridity is known to modify biodiversity-stability relationships, yet it remains unclear whether the effects of multiple resource supply on biodiversity and s...

Quantitative Digital Image Analysis Detects Differences in Nuclear Features Between CK20-Negative and CK20-Positive Merkel Cell Carcinomas

Abstract: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive neuroendocrine cutaneous malignancy that can arise through 2 oncogenic pathways: a Merkel cell polyomavirus–positive pathway and a virus-negative pathway driven by ultraviolet exposure. Cytokeratin 20 (CK20), expressed i...

A First-Order Method for Nonconvex-Nonconcave Minimax Problems under a Local Kurdyka–Łojasiewicz Condition

Abstract. We study a class of nonconvex-nonconcave minimax problems in which the inner maximization problem satisfies a local Kurdyka–Łojasiewicz (KL) condition that may vary with the outer minimization variable. In contrast to the global KL or Polyak–Łojasiewicz conditions commo...