University of Maryland, College Park

Estimating the Number of Components in Finite Mixture Models via Variational Approximation

This work introduces a new method for selecting the number of components in finite mixture models (FMMs) using variational Bayes, inspired by the large-sample properties of the Evidence Lower Bound (ELBO) derived from mean-field (MF) variational approximation. Specifically, we es...

Adult Attachment Predicts Parental Empathy: Evidence Across Four Samples of Parents of Children From Preschool Through Middle Childhood

Extensive research points to the importance of adult attachment in predicting empathy, but little research has examined the role of attachment in shaping adults’ empathy specifically for their children. This paper examines how adult attachment avoidance (discomfort with emotional...

Moiré Phase Mapping in Twisted Bilayer Liquid Crystals with Reconfigurable Light Polarization States

ABSTRACT Liquid crystals are crystalline materials with only orientational orders without long‐range positional orders, which have been broadly used in optical devices due to their capability in modulating light polarization. In developing practical optical devices, photolithogra...

Locating Moonquakes With Single‐Station Seismology

Abstract Renewed international interest in lunar seismometer deployments requires robust single‐station location approach for the highly scattering Moon's crust. We present an event‐location strategy using major lunar event types recorded by the Apollo seismic network. Frequency‐...

A Physics‐Guided Feature Selection Machine Learning Approach for Cloud Probability Retrieval and Detection From TEMPO Imagery

Abstract Accurate cloud detection is critical for reliable retrievals of aerosols and trace gases from remote‐sensing measurements. TEMPO provides unprecedented hourly observations over North America, but radiometric calibration biases, thousands of spectral channels, and limited...

Differentiable Forward Modeling for Efficient and Accurate Shear Inference

Forthcoming Stage-IV dark energy optical surveys, such as LSST, have the ambitious goal of measuring cosmological parameters at sub-percent precision. Realizing their full scientific potential requires very precise measurement of the cosmic shear signal and control of correspondi...

Excess glutamine rewires endothelial cell metabolism

Abstract Introduction Glutamine, the most abundant amino acid in the body, is a key metabolic substrate for endothelial cells. Glutamine supplementation protects against cardiovascular disease in animal models and in humans; however, glutamine in vitro has inconsistent effects on...

“My heart is at peace because I know that I am protected:” understanding the factors that facilitate adolescent girls and young women’s uptake of long-acting injectable PrEP in Zambia

Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in EASTERN AND SOUTHERN Africa face a disproportionate risk of HIV acquisition. While effective, uptake of daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention among this population has remained inadequate. Hypothetical preference...

Leveraging the private sector for health system development in sub-Saharan Africa

Development assistance has historically supported major gains in health and health-system development in sub-Saharan Africa, but recent reductions in development assistance have intensified financing and service-delivery pressures across the region. As governments seek more durab...

AutoEDA: Enabling EDA Flow Automation through Microservice-Based LLM Agents

Electronic Design Automation (EDA) remains heavily reliant on tool command language (Tcl) scripting to drive complex RTL-to-GDSII flows. This scripting-based paradigm is labor-intensive, error-prone, and difficult to scale across large design projects. Recent advances in large la...

Resolving circumarctic zero-curtain phenomena with AI-integrated earth observations

<title>Abstract</title> Across the circumarctic, permafrost landscapes store approximately 1700 billion metric tons of organic carbon - nearly twice atmospheric levels - yet reservoir stability depends on the zero-curtain, a subsurface thermal plateau that emerges when latent hea...

Efficient quantum implementation of dynamical mean field theory for correlated materials

The accurate theoretical description of materials with strongly correlated electrons is a formidable challenge in condensed matter physics and computational chemistry. Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT) is a successful approach that predicts behaviors of such systems by incorpora...

Mechanical and durability properties of concrete mixed and cured in hypersaline water

Abstract This study investigates the influence of hypersaline water on the compressive strength, bleeding, and water absorption of concrete, comparing freshwater and saltwater curing environments. Mixes were prepared using 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 30% saltwater by weight of mixing...

Programmable Property-Based Testing

Property-based testing (PBT) is a popular technique for establishing confidence in software, where users write properties---i.e. executable specifications--that can be checked many times in a loop by a testing framework. In modern PBT frameworks, properties are usually written in...

Fathers, Mothers, Sons, and Daughters: Parent–Child Relationships and the Intergenerational Transmission of Divorce

ABSTRACT Objective This study examines whether and how post‐divorce mother–son, mother–daughter, father–son, and father–daughter relationships buffer or amplify the intergenerational transmission of divorce (ITD). Background Children who experience parental divorce are more likel...

Airborne eddy covariance measurements of ocean-air VOC fluxes: Distinguishing signal from noise

Abstract. Ocean-atmosphere exchange plays an important but uncertain role for many volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Airborne eddy covariance (EC) enables direct flux quantification over large areas, but VOC applications have largely been performed over land. Here we combine the...

Investigación etnográfica de los espacios globales: Interrogantes metodológicos Para el estudio de poblaciones virtuales

Al igual que otros Estados-nación, la población de los Estados Unidos está compuesta por personas que viven tanto dentro como fuera de sus fronteras geográficas. El estudio de ciudadanos estadounidenses residentes en el extranjero presenta interesantes desafíos metodológicos: por...

Testing electron–photon exchange–correlation functional performance for many-electron systems under weak and strong light–matter coupling

We present results for a photon-free exchange–correlation functional within the local density approximation (pxcLDA) for quantum electrodynamics density functional theory (QEDFT), which efficiently describes the electron density of many-electron systems across weak to strong ligh...

Association Between Changes in Perceived Neighborhood and Cognitive Performance Within Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Life Span (HANDLS) Black Adults

Perceived neighborhood characteristics are related to cognitive performance. However, limited studies have examined how changes in neighborhood characteristics relate to cognitive performance, particularly among Black adults who are likely to experience changes in their residenti...

Failures to maintain CpG-methylation of CoRSIVs in bovine sperm are associated with low sire conception

CoRSIVs are genomic regions with CpG-methylation patterns that differ between individuals, yet are consistent between tissues, within the same individual; therefore, their methylation can be profiled in bodily fluids that are easily obtained, like blood and semen. Bearing in mind...