University of Maryland, College Park

Three-Dimensional Nanopore γ′-V2O5 Architectures Enabling Stable, Long-Life, High-Power Sodium-Ion Microbatteries

Abstract A three-dimensional nanoscale architecture originating from semiconductor manufacturing offers a powerful route to overcome ion-transport limitations in microscale electrochemical systems. Here, we report a sodium-ion microbattery array based on a coaxial γ’-V2O5/Pt nano...

Zero-shot personalized camera motion control for image-to-video synthesis

Specifying nuanced and compelling camera motion remains a significant hurdle for non-expert creators using generative tools, creating an “expressive gap” where generic text prompts fail to capture cinematic vision. This barrier limits individual creativity and restricts the acces...

Lysosomal Expansion Compartments Mediate Zinc and Copper Homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract Zinc is an essential transition metal that participates in many biological processes. In C. elegans, excess zinc is stored in lysosomes in intestinal cells; this process involves increasing the expression of the zinc transporter CDF-2 and remodeling of lysosomes characte...

Adsorption energies and decomposition barrier heights for ethylene carbonate on the surface of lithium from cluster-based quantum chemistry

For ethylene carbonate on the (100) surface of lithium, we calculate the adsorption energy in two binding motifs and the barrier height for a ring-opening decomposition reaction. We validate a scheme for producing results in the thermodynamic limit by correcting results obtained...

HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy Influence Tumor Microenvironment Architecture, Subclonal Evolution, and Immune Evasion Strategies in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and tumor heterogeneity shape prognosis and therapeutic response in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), but HIV-associated (HIV+) DLBCL remains poorly understood. To characterize the TIME and tumor-intrinsic features of DLBCL across a s...

Investigating the thermal degradation of multi-board decking materials ignited by firebrand piles

Background Firebrand piles are a major contributor to structural losses during wildland–urban interface fires. Among potential recipient fuels, decking materials exhibit ignition susceptibility that is strongly dependent on material type. However, experiments on representative mu...

Quantum Algorithm Performance Under Noise: A Qiskit Aer Simulation Study and IBM Quantum Hardware Comparative Analysis

This study examines how noise affects the reliability of quantum circuits through two complementary approaches: a controlled simulation using Qiskit Aer and an execution study on real IBM Quantum hardware. In simulation, five noise models (bit-flip, phase-flip, depolarizing, read...

Quantum Algorithm Performance Under Noise: A Qiskit Aer Simulation Study and IBM Quantum Hardware Comparative Analysis

This study examines how noise affects the reliability of quantum circuits through two complementary approaches: a controlled simulation using Qiskit Aer and an execution study on real IBM Quantum hardware. In simulation, five noise models (bit-flip, phase-flip, depolarizing, read...

Towards continental-scale SWOT-based modeling of reservoir operations

The advent of reservoir models has enabled the monitoring and prediction of reservoir operations (inflow, storage, and release); however, the in situ operation data used for model parameterization is spatially scarce. In this study, we evaluate reservoir monitoring capabilities b...

A refinement of the McCreight-Meyer union theorem

Abstract Using properties of Blum complexity measures and certain complexity class operators, we exhibit a total computable and non-decreasing function $$t_\textsf{poly}$$ t poly such that for all k , $$\Sigma _k\textsf{P}= \Sigma _k\textsf{TIME}(t_\textsf{poly})$$ Σ k P = Σ k TI...

Genetic Basis of Social Structure in the Pastoral Nomads of Central Eurasia

Abstract Although the social structure of Central Eurasian pastoral nomads has been described as fluid and ad hoc by historians and anthropologists, its potential genetic basis remains poorly understood. To evaluate whether kinship based social organization has biological foundat...

Moving from expanding access to ensuring quality: lessons from the high-quality health systems framework in Ethiopia

Abstract Background Over the past two decades, Ethiopia has substantially improved access to care. However, inadequate progress towards achieving the SDG targets in maternal and child mortality and stalled declines in neonatal mortality signal the need to consider quality of care...

Cognitive and institutional barriers to effective natural resource management under global change

Abstract Many of the most challenging decisions facing natural resource managers today can be understood as time dependent. The concept of time‐dependent decisions is useful when considering natural resource management decisions that are characterized by nonstationarity in the un...

Generalized Nonlinear Bayesian Pulsar Timing with ENTERPRISE

Abstract We use the Bayesian methods in the ENTERPRISE package to examine the fully general parameterization of pulsar timing models in tandem with noise. We investigate four pulsars, PSRs J1600–3053, J2043+1711, J0740+6620, and J1640+2224, through the lens of Bayesian timing. We...

Granger sensori-behavioral functional taxonomy of neuronal ensemble activity from two-photon calcium imaging data

Understanding how neuronal populations interact to encode and transform sensory information is a fundamental challenge in computational neuroscience. Most existing studies, however, study neural encoding, behavioral readout, and functional connectivity as disjoint problems. Two-p...

Effect of relative humidity on the desiccation behavior of bentonite buffer blocks for geological repositories

This study evaluated the hygrothermal desiccation behavior of compacted sodium bentonite buffer blocks, which are critical components of Engineered Barrier Systems (EBS) for high-level radioactive waste repositories. To address the risks associated with moisture loss during stora...

Multiband topological heterojunctions on the surface nanoscale axial photonics platform

Abstract Analogue Hamiltonian simulation (AHS) in photonic systems can be an enticing alternative to direct experimental study of complex Hamiltonian systems, leading to the emergence of the field of topological photonics. In this work, we leverage the ultra-low loss operation an...

OptimAI: Optimization from Natural Language Using LLM-Powered AI Agents

Optimization plays a vital role in scientific research and practical applications. However, translating a concrete optimization problem described in natural language into a mathematical formulation and selecting a suitable solver require substantial domain expertise. We introduce...

Social determinants and health-related social needs associated with physical and mental distress among U.S. adults with COPD

Objectives This study investigated the prevalence of adverse social determinants of health (SDOH) and health-related social needs (HRSN) and their associations with physical and mental distress among U.S. adults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Data from...

Interconnected soil properties modulate compound hurricane-dust events that impact the Americas

Abstract In 2024, several Atlantic tropical cyclones encountered trans-Atlantic African dust, altering weather, air quality, and deposition across the Americas. Using state-of-the-art Earth system modeling, this study highlights that interconnected basic (mineralogy, texture) and...