University of Maryland, College Park

A qualitative investigation of tobacco use and cessation experiences among people living with HIV in Botswana

Abstract Background Tobacco use is a leading cause of premature mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH), especially in Botswana, where high smoking rates coincide with successful HIV control. There is a need for evidence-based interventions to support smoking cessation amon...

Significance of perinatal trauma screening and care coordination to improve infant health outcomes

This commentary addresses the need for trauma-informed screening and coordinated mental health care across obstetric (OB) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) settings. Perinatal post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related mental health conditions are common yet under-re...

MOF/polymer synergistic hybrid materials transforming the farm-to-table chain: chemical construction, performance regulation, and applications

Abstract Modern agriculture and food systems require materials combining controlled porosity, well-defined active sites, and scalable processability. MOF/polymer hybrids meet this need by integrating the film-forming ability, mechanical flexibility, and environmental protection o...

Reallocating fossil subsidies via social assistance reduces poverty and preserves emissions cuts

Fossil fuel subsidies are widespread, regressive, and environmentally costly, yet abrupt removal can raise poverty. To identify a practical reform pathway, we evaluate the effectiveness of compensatory policies grounded in existing national social protection systems. We develop a...

Ten rules to increase the usability of earth observation mission datasets

Abstract Publicly-funded Earth Observation (EO) missions present unprecedented challenges and opportunities for observing our changing planet and applying the knowledge gained to benefit society. As EO mission data continue to grow in volume and complexity, a paradigm shift in ho...

Poleward Redistribution of Tropical Cyclone Hazards over East Asia

Abstract Tropical cyclones (TCs) in the western North Pacific have undergone notable changes over recent decades alongside ocean warming and large-scale atmospheric circulation variability. Using TC best-track data from 1980 to 2025, we identify a pronounced poleward redistributi...

The Curious Case of Centaurus A II: On the Subject of the Quenched satellites

The satellite system of Centaurus A presents a curious cosmological puzzle: while the global population is consistent with theoretical expectations, its inner regions (d<150 kpc) exhibit a deficit of luminous satellite galaxies. Using the Galacticus semi-analytic model applied to...

Electrochemical Phase Engineering of Li–Ti–P–O Nanocomposite Thin Films

Abstract Nanoscale materials processing advancements have enabled on-chip ionic devices like microbatteries, super capacitors, ion-gated transistors, etc. using standard semiconductor processes (such as atomic layer deposition — ALD) to develop electrochemically active thin films...

Hospital Artificial Intelligence Tools and Inpatient Utilization and Costs in Older Adults with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias

BACKGROUND: Hospitals are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) tools to support clinical decision making and care management. However, evidence on how hospital AI/ML adoption relates to inpatient utilization and spending among clinically comp...

Optimizing multi-tier supply chain ordering with LNN+XGBoost: mitigating the bullwhip effect

Purpose Supply chain ordering must balance profit, customer service and upstream order variability (the bullwhip effect). This study evaluates whether a two-stage pipeline–a Liquid Neural Network (LNN) encoder with an adaptive-leak recurrent cell followed by an XGBoost readout–of...

Rapid Eco-AI CE–MS Enables Sub-7 Min Low-Input Proteome Profiling with Quantitative Validation

Abstract Low-input and single-cell proteomics by mass spectrometry (MS) have advanced rapidly, but balancing analytical speed and sensitivity remains challenging, especially for small, protein-scarce primary cells such as neutrophils. Here, we report Rapid Eco–AI, an optimized el...

The Python simulations of chemistry framework: 10 years of an open-source quantum chemistry project

Over the past decade, the Python-based Simulations of Chemistry Framework (PySCF) has developed into a widely used open-source platform for electronic-structure theory and quantum chemical method development. This article reviews the major advances since the previous overview in...

The parent bodies of Ryugu and Ivuna formed before those of other carbonaceous chondrites

Most carbonaceous chondrite (CC) meteorites contain abundant chondrules, millimeter-scale spherical inclusions of previously molten material. Ivuna-type carbonaceous chondrites (CIs) do not contain chondrules, nor do samples of the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu. CIs and Ryugu share...

Exploring the Possibility of Extrinsic Anion Vacancies in Li6PS5Cl

Abstract The search for superionic conductors requires a deep understanding of the underlying crystal structure and local dynamic processes. Therefore, cationic and anionic substitutions are typically performed to monitor the resulting changes in the structure and ionic transport...

Early-Enrichment Hit Discovery via Reversible-Work c(t) Estimation in Metadynamics (CTMD)

Abstract Virtual screening for small-molecule binders is often limited by false positives from approximate scoring functions and rigid-receptor assumptions. These can be addressed downstream through accurate but expensive free-energy calculations. At the same time, recent artific...

Where’s the fun in that? On thrill and liability in extreme sports

Abstract Extreme sports like solo rock climbing and BASE jumping are experiencing a boom in popularity, yet we are only starting to understand why they attract people. Individuals’ decisions to engage in these risky activities has long posed a challenge for utility theory. Contra...

Bacteria synthesize a bacteriocin within the cell membrane

ABSTRACT Bacteria use bacteriocins to kill competitors and shape microbial communities. Many bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), a diverse class of natural products and a source of new antimicrobials. The diversity of bacte...

Pulsed Infrared Emission from Magnetar 4U 0142+61 Detected by JWST

Abstract We report on a JWST observation of the magnetar 4U 0142+61 on 2024 August 18 with the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam). NIRCam observed the magnetar for 33 minutes in timing mode, providing a time resolution of 2.5 s. In the F410M filter (pivot wavelength 4.08 μ m), we meas...

FM-GPT: Bayesian fine mapping for phenome-wide transcriptome-wide association studies

Abstract Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) integrate genome wide association studies with expression quantitative trait locus reference panels to identify genes associated with traits of interest. However, linkage disequilibrium and correlated gene expression can indu...

Effect of oxygen ion irradiation on the visible, infrared, and Raman spectra of Phobos candidate materials: implications on the space weathering by Martian atmosphere-derived ions

Abstract The origin of Martian satellites is still under debate. Nevertheless, such information could give insights into the evolution of the Martian system and planetary formation processes. To address these questions, MMX (Martian Moons eXploration) will conduct spectroscopy (v...