University of California, Irvine

Mixed electoral systems: The best of both worlds or the worst of both?

Abstract Mixed electoral systems combine majoritarian and proportional rules within a single institutional framework, promising what Shugart and Wattenberg (2001) called "the best of both worlds": local accountability alongside representational fairness. This article surveys the...

Pregnancy Ambivalence, History of Pregnancy, Condom Use, and Contraceptive Use Among U.S. Youth Experiencing Homelessness

Youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) are 5–8 times more likely than housed peers to become pregnant. A more nuanced examination of YEH pregnancy desire may better inform pregnancy and pregnancy prevention guidance. This study examined pregnancy ambivalence, pregnancy history, co...

Case-cohort designs to improve efficiency for detecting effect modification

Abstract In analyses of time-to-event outcomes, we may utilize efficient sampling designs to save effort, cost, and valuable specimens. The originally proposed case-cohort design is one such design, and performs analysis on a random sample selected from the full cohort supplement...

Behavioural impact of microplastics on zebrafish development

Microplastic (MP) pollution in aquatic environments is ubiquitous and characterized by particles of highly irregular shapes. Yet, most laboratory studies examining MPs impacts on aquatic species rely on pristine polymer spheres, which poorly reflect the diversity and complexity o...

Maternal sensitivity supports infant sleep: evidence from two longitudinal prospective cohorts on maternal childhood maltreatment, maternal sensitivity, and infant sleep

Maternal childhood maltreatment (CM) has been linked to adverse outcomes in the next generation, including infant sleep, which is crucial for healthy development. This study examined whether maternal sensitivity buffered these effects in 101 German and 117 U.S. mother-infant dyad...

Decolonization vs Enhanced Cleaning for Multidrug-Resistant Organism Reduction in Nursing Homes

Importance Universal decolonization and enhanced cleaning are strategies to prevent multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) transmission. Whether their associations with MDRO burden are overlapping, additive, or synergistic remains unknown. Objective To evaluate independent and combi...

Groundwater Variability Is Strongly Linked to Soil Temperature Across Global Aquifers

Abstract Groundwater plays a critical role in land‐atmosphere interactions by regulating soil moisture and surface energy fluxes, yet its contribution to land‐surface processes and heat extremes remains poorly quantified globally. Here, we combine observation‐based aquifer record...

Vertical Coherence Dominates Decadal Land Water Storage Change Despite Hydroclimatic Extremes and Groundwater Pumping

Abstract Whether surface and deeper water storage trends move in the same direction underpins assessments of freshwater availability. Theory predicts vertical coherence, yet it is untested globally and questioned under climate extremes and human management. Using depth‐sensitive...

Enhanced differentiation potential of pigmented human epidermal equivalents

Abstract Melanocyte-keratinocyte interactions are vital for regulating melanogenesis and maintaining epidermal homeostasis. However, most 3D human skin equivalents lack melanocytes, limiting their relevance for pigmentation studies. To address this, we utilized a pigmented human...

Image Inpainting in 30 Years: A Survey

ABSTRACT As a fundamental task in restoring continuous visual signals, image inpainting plays a critical role in autonomous driving perception, medical imaging, video editing and digital heritage preservation. Driven by deep learning and large‐scale generative models, the field h...

A Gap Analysis of Deep Brain Stimulation for Childhood‐Onset Movement Disorders

BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established and increasingly utilized therapy for childhood-onset movement disorders. However, pediatric DBS poses unique challenges that are not adequately addressed by adult-derived paradigms. OBJECTIVE: To identify key gaps in the...

Anopheles larval ecology and physicochemical characterization of larval habitats in Dire Dawa: an area colonized by Anopheles stephensi in Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract Background Understanding mosquito larval ecology is crucial for effective vector control strategies. While much is known about Anopheles larval habitat distribution, the impact of landscape (urban vs. rural) on Anopheles stephensi larval distribution and population dynam...

The establishment of prostate-specific, SKP2 humanized mice by CRISPR knock-in method reveals neoplastic initiation and microenvironmental reprogramming

Abstract A recent study has shown that SKP2 inactivation can prevent cancer initiation by extension of total cell cycle duration without perturbing normal division, which suggests a new strategy for cancer prevention. However, direct in vivo evidence for human SKP2 on cancer init...