University of Bonn

Discovery of an intrinsic non-Hermitian phase transition in a bulk condensed-matter system

Across regular phase transitions, systems remain in thermal equilibrium. However, when a system is driven far from equilibrium, non-Hermitian phase transitions may arise where the dynamical behavior—rather than steady properties—undergoes a qualitative change at a critical, so-ca...

Caffeine pollution changes anti-predator behaviour in Gammarus pulex similarly to manipulative parasites

Caffeine is an emerging environmental contaminant in freshwater ecosystems that is primarily introduced through wastewater. Even at low concentrations, caffeine can affect the physiology and behaviour of aquatic organisms. Still, its ecological significance remains little underst...

Clinical outcomes of the PAUL ® glaucoma implant for secondary glaucoma

Abstract Purpose Secondary glaucoma encompasses a broad spectrum of disease entities arising from diverse ocular pathologies and is often refractory to conventional treatment. Glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs) have therefore become an important surgical option. This study evaluate...

Optimizing genotype and nitrogen management for improved yield and agronomic efficiency in dry direct seeded rice under temperate ecology

Rice production through conventional transplanting is becoming increasingly difficult because of limited water resources and labor shortages. Dry direct-seeded rice (DSR) offers a practical alternative with lower water and labor requirements. However, the success of DSR depends o...

Linking microbial community composition of three rootstock genotypes to apple replant disease susceptibility

Abstract Background Apple replant disease (ARD) is a worldwide issue of complex biotic origin. The exact aetiology has yet to be fully elucidated and environmentally friendly and economically feasible countermeasures are sparse. The breeding of tolerant apple rootstock genotypes...

Exploring the functions of NKG7 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells during malaria

Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, is a significant global health issue. CD4 + and CD8 + T cells are important for immunity against Plasmodium infections, but the specific roles of many immune-related effector molecules in T cells remain poorly defined. Here, we investigate...

From Inhibitor to Reporter: Nirmatrelvir-Derived Fluorogenic Substrates for the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease

The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is a key antiviral drug target due to its essential role in the pathogen's replication cycle. The development of potent next-generation Mpro inhibitors is of great importance to ensure the availability of safe and effective COVID-19 therapeutic...

Vorbeugende Sozialpolitik für Kinder: Lösungsbeiträge aus Gesundheitswesen und Jugendhilfe

Zusammenfassung Kinderarmut hat langfristige negative Auswirkungen auf Bildungschancen, Arbeitsmarktintegration und gesellschaftliche Teilhabe. Vor diesem Hintergrund bedarf es einer vorbeugenden Sozialpolitik für Kinder, die präventive Lösungsbeiträge aus unterschiedlichen Polit...

Effect of a sodium fluoride rinse on the composition of early oral biofilms formed in situ on enamel and dentine

OBJECTIVES: Dental caries results from dysbiotic shifts in the microbial community, so modulating biofilm composition represents a valid preventive strategy. The aim of this double-blind randomized crossover in situ study was to investigate how a fluoride rinse can modify the com...

The role of corticothalamic circuits in avoidance learning

Avoidance learning entails linking a threat-predictive stimulus (CS) to aversive outcomes (US) and developing a behavioural strategy (shuttling) to forestall harm. This multifactorial process necessitates neural circuits capable of prioritising relevant sensory cues and promoting...

The role of MCH/MCHR1 signaling in controlling adipogenesis via the primary cilium

The primary cilium functions as a cellular antenna, detecting extracellular stimuli that are important in maintaining tissue function and homeostasis. A prime example of a tissue reacting dynamically to changes in energy homeostasis is the white adipose tissue (WAT). WAT expansio...

Almost 200 years of anthocyanin research: What we know, what we assume and what remains unknown

Flavonoids are frequently presented as health-beneficial plant metabolites, and their subclass anthocyanins is best known for striking flower colours. The biosynthesis of flavonoids has been studied for decades and has developed into a model system in plant biology. Despite thous...

Co‐Ligand‐Induced Electronic Modulation Controls Substrate Adsorption and Selectivity in Biomass Electrooxidation

ABSTRACT The electrooxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is often limited by competitive adsorption between HMF and surface‐bound hydroxyl species (OH ads ), which governs both activity and selectivity, yet independent control over these...

Automated segmentation and length measurement of metacarpal and phalangeal bones for hand radiograph evaluation

Abstract Evaluating hand and wrist radiographs is essential in pediatric endocrinology and clinical genetics, particularly for the assessment of suspected skeletal anomalies. In this study, we present Auto-Bone-Caliper, an automated system for the segmentation and length measurem...

Multiscale characterization of cortical signatures in positive and negative schizotypy:a worldwide ENIGMA study

Positive and negative schizotypy reflect distinct patterns of subclinical traits in the general population associated with neurodevelopmental and schizophrenia-spectrum pathologies. Yet, a comprehensive characterization of the unique and shared neuroanatomical signatures of these...

Field-validated imaging of decadal and seasonal changes in permafrost bedrock using quantitative electrical resistivity tomography (Zugspitze, Germany/Austria)

Abstract. Ongoing permafrost degradation in alpine regions requires monitoring methods that accurately decipher spatial and temporal dynamics. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is widely applied in bedrock permafrost, yet its outputs are often interpreted only qualitatively...

Stress‐induced trained immunity—A key mechanism linking psychosocial stress, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease

Although chronic psychosocial stress is a well-established independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the underlying mechanisms linking stress to CVD remain incompletely understood. Here, we review clinical and preclinical research documenting how stress can activa...

From frameworks to futures: health adaptation pathways across the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways

Abstract Effectively managing the rising health risks of climate change requires consideration of plausible adaptation pathways under a range of scenarios of changes in greenhouse gas emissions and socioeconomic development to systematically explore the solution space for climate...

Court rulings on medication errors in Germany: focus on heparin, acetylsalicylic acid, and oxytocin

Abstract Medication errors remain a challenge in the pharmacological treatment of patients. To improve the safety of drug therapy, 197 publicly accessible court rulings from Germany were systemically analyzed in various dimensions according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. Particula...

Iron‐Photocatalyzed Alkene Chloroaminoxylation: A Platform for Orthogonally Activatable Building Blocks

ABSTRACT We report the development of an iron‐photocatalyzed 1,2‐chloroaminoxylation of alkenes that installs two orthogonal and independently activatable synthetic handles, a chlorine atom and an alkoxyamino group, across a diverse range of alkene substrates. The reaction is dri...