Tsinghua University

Holographic entropy inequalities pass the majorization test

Quantities computed by minimal cuts, such as entanglement entropies achievable by the Ryu-Takayanagi proposal in the AdS/CFT correspondence, are constrained by linear inequalities. We prove a previously conjectured property of all such constraints: Any k k systems on the “greater...

Machine-learning-assisted physicochemical optimization of an RP-3 surrogate fuel model

To improve the physicochemical fidelity of RP-3 surrogate fuels, this study proposes a machine-learning-assisted multi-objective optimization framework that jointly considers conventional physical properties and combustion-related characteristics. A four-component surrogate consi...

Collaborative Inference and Learning between Edge SLMs and Cloud LLMs: A Survey of Algorithms, Execution, and Open Challenges

As large language models (LLMs) evolve, deploying them solely in the cloud or compressing them for edge devices is increasingly inadequate due to latency, privacy, cost, and personalization concerns. This survey examines a collaborative paradigm in which cloud-based LLMs and edge...

Loose interfacial water molecule induced low friction on ice

Abstract Reducing the ice surface friction coefficient is crucial for improving the performance of winter sports equipment and enhancing the energy efficiency of icebreakers. The existence of a lubricating layer on the ice surface is the fundamental reason for the slippery ice su...

Applications of Substrate Materials for Interdigital Transducers (IDTs): A Review

Structural health monitoring (SHM) based on ultrasonic-guided waves has been widely investigated for aerospace, transportation, marine engineering, petrochemical equipment and large-scale civil infrastructure. As the core component for guided-wave excitation and signal reception,...

A Chloroplast-Inspired Theranostic Nanoplatform for Self-Sustaining Oxygen-Elevating Photodynamic Therapy and Glutathione-Triggered Carbon-Centered Radical Synergistic Therapy

Achieving precise drug delivery to the tumor site can minimize systemic side effects caused by off-target effects. As a therapy that depends on oxygen content, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is significantly constrained by the hypoxic nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Compa...

Serial transthoracic echocardiography for hemodynamic monitoring and early warning of hypotension during elective cesarean delivery: a prospective observational study

Abstract BACKGROUND : Spinal anesthesia during cesarean delivery frequently causes maternal hypotension. Early detection of hemodynamic compromise before blood pressure decline could enable timely intervention. This study evaluates the use of serial transthoracic echocardiography...

The ER–Golgi intermediate compartment: a central hub integrating membrane trafficking and stress responses

Abstract The endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) is a dynamic membrane system at the ER–Golgi interface, traditionally viewed as a transient station for COPII- and COPI-dependent trafficking. Emerging evidence redefines the ERGIC as a stress-responsive re...

Optimizing plasma-derived small extracellular vesicle purification to enhance downstream applications

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are functional carriers of biomolecules from host cells, making them highly suitable for early disease diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. However, the purification of sEVs from plasma is complicated by the presence of high levels of...

Achieving simultaneous strength-ductility-corrosion optimization of solid-state additive friction stir deposited superlight Mg-Li alloy by a hybrid high flow rate Argon/CO₂ shielding atmosphere

High-performance Mg–Li alloys were fabricated via solid-state additive friction stir deposition under a mixed Ar/liquid CO₂ atmosphere, which addresses severe oxidation and unfavorable thermal cycling issues during additive manufacturing. Benefiting from optimized microstructures...

Effects of human mobility on tuberculosis incidence in mainland China, 2010–2023: an ecological analysis and metapopulation modeling study

Human mobility plays an important role in the transmission of infectious diseases, yet its contribution to tuberculosis (TB) dynamics in China remains insufficiently quantified. We compiled a province-year panel for mainland China (2010–2023) to describe spatiotemporal trends usi...

Nickel-catalyzed enantioselective reductive vinyl-alkynylation of unactivated alkenes with bromoalkynes

Alkynyl groups are highly valuable functionalities, prompting chemists to continually seek efficient alkynylation reactions. Traditional asymmetric alkynylation strategies using terminal alkynes often rely on complex chiral phosphine ligands, stoichiometric amounts of silver reag...

Survival of the Flattest: Teams with Low (But Not High) Status Differentiation Turn Failure into Success by Adding High-Status Members

Most prior research on teams’ responses to failure treats teams as closed systems. However, after failures, teams may seek to improve performance by bringing in new members. Adopting a teams-as-open-systems perspective, we test which teams are more willing to add high-status memb...

Strategic design of methane observation networks to improve emission estimates: A case study in Africa

Abstract. Ground-based and satellite atmospheric observations are essential for reducing uncertainties in methane (CH4) emissions by atmospheric inversion, particularly in data-sparse regions such as Africa. However, adding new observation sites does not yield linear improvements...

Automated CT segmentation of diffuse pseudomyxoma peritonei lesions using a hybrid deep learning model

Abstract Purpose To develop and externally validate DATUnet—a hybrid deep learning framework integrating DenseBlock encoding, atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP), and a lightweight Transformer bottleneck—for automated segmentation of diffuse pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) lesions...

Deciphering EcoFitness of marine ecosystems through eDNA cross-trophic interactions

Abstract Effective assessment of marine ecosystems increasingly requires approaches that go beyond static biodiversity indices to capture cross-trophic organization and dynamic stability based on network topology. In this study, we applied a multi-marker (12S, 18S, COI) eDNA meta...

Optimal canopy light-use strategy shapes global greenness dynamics

“Greenness” is a key indicator of the functional state of vegetation. However, the physiological processes behind seasonal patterns in greenness are diverse and incompletely understood, hindering the predictability of climate-driven shifts in global foliage phenology. Optimality...

Valorization of Wastewater Phosphorus into Battery-Grade FePO4 via In-Situ Anodic Precipitation in an Electro-Driven Membrane System

Abstract The exponential growth of the new energy vehicle market has precipitated an urgent demand for sustainable lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) precursors. While recovering iron phosphate (FePO4) from phosphorus-rich wastewater presents a viable supply chain solution, convent...

Desire, Ruin, and Ecological Resistance: Reading Sanduk Through Eco-socialism and Eco-feminism

This study examines Siddhartha Chanakya’s SandukFootnote1 (2025), an independent Indian film that transforms the imagery of war into a radical ecological allegory of life at the limits of the Anthropocene. Set in a post-nuclear wasteland stripped of history and national identity,...

Facilitating megacity electricity decarbonization via grid-interactive demand-side resource management

City power systems face intensified mismatches between generation and dynamic demand under rising zero-carbon energy penetration levels. Although demand-side resource management offers mismatch mitigation potential by regulating load patterns, its city-level capability remains un...