The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Hyperoxia and neurologic complications in pediatric veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a retrospective ELSO registry study

Hyperoxia can contribute to neurologic injury through oxidative injury and platelet activation leading to microvascular thrombosis in critical illness. We aimed to determine if hyperoxia exposure during ECMO is associated with increased neurologic complications. Secondarily, we a...

Multiparametric Whole-Body MRI Protocols in Contemporary Clinical Practice: Indications, Technical Considerations, and Emerging Applications

Multiparametric whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) is an advanced cross-sectional imaging technique that integrates anatomic sequences into functional modalities, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping and Dixon-based imaging. WB-MRI can...

Red Eyes Refractory to Corticosteroids

A 57-year-old man with bilateral red eyes and irritation refractory to topical corticosteroids presents with symmetric yellow conjunctival lesions and progressive systemic nodules and joint pain. What would you do next?

Impact of post‐chemotherapy classification on outcomes in stage III and IV unilateral favorable histology Wilms tumor: Pooled data from Children’s Oncology Group AREN0532, AREN0533, and AREN03B2 studies

Abstract Background Improvements in therapy for patients with favorable histology Wilms tumor (FHWT) have relied on refinement of risk stratification for therapeutic assignment through identification of favorable and unfavorable prognostic factors. Although well established in In...

An Fc receptor and IgA functional signature identifies TB disease in children living with HIV

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children living with HIV (CLHIV). TB disease is difficult to detect with current clinical microbiological, immunological, and radiographic tools. Serological assays that determine levels of...

Clinical Outcomes of Systemic Steroid Use in Children Under 2 with Bronchiolitis and BPD

OBJECTIVES: No guidelines exist for managing children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis. This study evaluated clinical practice and outcomes associated with systemic steroid use in children with BPD and acute bronchiolitis. We hypothesize...

Contemporary therapy for small node-negative triple-negative breast cancer: a retrospective cohort study

Introduction Multi-agent neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) with immune checkpoint blockade is standard treatment for Stage II–III triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), though its role in smaller node-negative tumors remains unclear. Methods We performed a retrospective multi-institutiona...

Assessment of Sleep Architecture in Obese Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate sleep in obese children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to determine the impact of OSA severity on their sleep architecture. Methods Records of children with OSA seen in the pediatric otolaryngology clinic were reviewed to collect informatio...

Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli pduB drives vitamin B 12 -dependent colitis in mice

ABSTRACT Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) are strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease, but the virulence factors driving their invasive and pro-inflammatory behavior remain incompletely defined. Here, we demonstrate that vitamin B 12 availability modul...

High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features: a clinical and genomic analysis of prognostic factors using a large cohort

BACKGROUND: High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently defined tumor type that is not well-understood. Prognostic factors of clinical outcomes are not well-established. METHODS: Methylation profiling was performed on tumor samples, many at the National Cance...

The factory enters the fray: how mitochondrial protein trafficking shapes the host response to infection

Beyond textbook functions in homeostatic metabolism, mitochondria are now recognized as central coordinators of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic immune responses to infection. Directed trafficking of proteins and other molecules between mitochondria and the rest of the cell unde...

Structure and function of TM6SF1 reveals role in mTORC1 signaling

The transmembrane 6 superfamily (TM6SF) comprises two members: TM6SF1, a ubiquitously expressed lysosomal membrane protein of unknown function, and TM6SF2, an endoplasmic reticulum protein required for bulk lipidation of Apolipoprotein B–containing lipoproteins. Here, we used cry...

Racial and ethnic survival disparities in primary liver cancer in the United States: a National Cancer Database propensity score-matched study

:Introduction Primary liver cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. We evaluated whether racial and ethnic survival disparities among US patients with primary liver cancer persist after adjustment for clinical, treatment, socioeconomic, and access-related factors...

Tumor-targeted IL-10 synergizes with IL-2 to enhance antitumor immunity while minimizing immune-related adverse events

Tumor-targeting cytokines have emerged as a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy, although their mechanisms of action often remain complex. In this study, we develop an approach by combining tumor-targeted IL-10 (CmAb-(IL10)2) with IL-2 (CmAb-IL2) to enhance antitumor immu...

FOG1

Currently, there is no sensitive and specific diagnostic immunohistochemistry (IHC) marker to identify gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas (GEAs). CDX2 is the most widely used tumor marker to determine gastrointestinal (GI) origin and has been shown to be an excellent marker f...

Impact of Age on Success of 3D-Printed Cranial Remolding Orthoses for Deformational Head Shapes

Background/Objectives: Previous studies regarding the efficacy of cranial remolding orthoses (CROs) have shown that earlier treatment initiation is associated with more favorable outcomes, but there are few studies utilizing 3D-printed CROs. This study evaluated the impact of tre...

Comparative analysis of intraoperative and postoperative outcomes in primary vs. revision meningioma surgery: A propensity score-matched study

PURPOSE: Surgical resection is a critical intervention for meningiomas, but revision surgeries are challenging due to scar tissue, altered anatomy, and increased physiological stress. Our study evaluates differences in intraoperative and short-term postoperative outcomes between...

Culinary Medicine and Medical Nutrition Therapy Interventions to Improve Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: A Pragmatic Trial During the COVID-19 Pandemic

OBJECTIVE To conduct a pragmatic, randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the effectiveness of six registered dietitian–led medical nutrition therapy (MNT) sessions compared with six virtual, hands-on culinary medicine (CM) sessions for improving glycemic control among patients with...

SMURF2 inhibits autophagic control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages

Abstract Autophagy is a critical host defense mechanism that restricts intracellular pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). A key step in this process is the ubiquitination of Mtb or Mtb-associated structures. The E3 ligase SMURF1 catalyzes K48-linked ubiquitination,...

Management strategies in endogenous fungal endophthalmitis: a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study

Background/aims Standardised treatment guidelines for endogenous fungal endophthalmitis (EFE) are lacking. The purpose of this study is to describe treatment strategies and clinical outcomes of eyes with EFE. Methods Retrospective cohort study performed at eight academic institut...