The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

RiboTRAP-seq identifies spatially distinct functions for the anterior and posterior intestine in immune and metabolic regulation in Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract The intestine integrates food-derived cues to coordinate organismal physiology, yet the molecular specialization of discrete regions along the intestinal epithelium remains unclear. Here, we generate cell type-specific translatomes of the Caenorhabditis elegans intestine...

Meta-Analysis of ALS Post-Mortem Cerebral Cortex Transcriptome Studies Identifies Robust Shifts in Gene Expression Despite Significant Between-Study Heterogeneity

Background: ALS is characterized by motor neuron failure with potential neurocognitive comorbidity. Cortical neurons, and their support cells, exhibit pathologic features, some of which have been identified in post-mortem transcriptome studies of the cortex from ALS patients and...

Nucleic Acid Therapeutics in an Age of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming how scientific hypotheses are formulated, tested, and applied. Nucleic acid therapeutics can benefit from emerging opportunities but will also face new challenges. AI lowers the barrier to hypothesis generation, increasing the emphasis...

Dose-Escalated Focal Salvage High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy and Genomic Classifier Risk Stratification in Radiorecurrent Prostate Cancer: The F-SHARP Phase I/II Clinical Trial

Purpose Prospective data on the management of intraprostatic radiorecurrence (IPR) after definitive radiotherapy (RT) and use of genomic classifiers (GC) in this setting are limited. We hypothesized that dose-escalated focal salvage high-dose-rate brachytherapy (DE-fsHDR) would b...

Association of Irreversible Electroporation Treatment with Overall Survival in Stage III Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: DIRECT Registry Results

Abstract Background Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is used in selected patients with Stage III pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but its association with survival relative to standard-of-care (SOC) therapy remains uncertain. Methods This multicenter observational study...

Postoperative Wound Care in Mohs Micrographic Surgery: Tradition, Variation, and the Evidence

ABSTRACT Postoperative wound care following Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) has high variability and surprisingly limited real‐world evidence. Despite over one million MMS procedures performed annually in the United States, recommendations for topical agents, pressure dressings,...

Cardiovascular Complications of Chronic Liver Disease

Chronic liver disease is an increasingly prevalent and heterogeneous syndrome with important consequences for cardiovascular function. As the global burdens of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis continue to rise, cardiovascular disease has emerged as a major driver of overall mo...

Development and Validation of a Coronary Artery Calcium Volume and Density Score

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring is a useful tool for coronary heart disease (CHD) risk prediction. The current standard method, the Agatston score, weights plaque area upward by density. However, higher density is inversely associated with CHD. We aimed to devel...

Adapting Segment Anything Model 3 for concept-driven lesion segmentation in medical images: an experimental study

Abstract Accurate segmentation of lesions is fundamental for medical image analysis. However, most existing approaches are designed for specific anatomical sites and imaging modalities, limiting their applicability in heterogeneous clinical environments. Recent vision-language fo...

AI advancements can advance environmental inequities and health harms

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) is progressively being utilized in many industries. In order to meet the increasingly computational AI demands, more data centers are being developed. Unfortunately, health concerns related to climate change, energy consumption, air p...

Care of the Sexual or Gender Minority Community Living with Cystic Fibrosis: A Survey of United States and Canadian Multidisciplinary Health Care Providers

PURPOSE: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, or another sexual or gender minority (LGBTQIA+) people face health inequities and commonly report health care avoidance. We examined how multidisciplinary subspecialist providers care for LGBTQIA+ people with...

Acute Appendicitis: A Contemporary Review for Surgeons

Management of acute appendicitis has undergone a fundamental transformation the past two decades, with discussions focusing on operative versus nonoperative management. This review seeks to synthesize the most current evidence from the past decade across several key domains curre...

The Power of Two: Harnessing Dual Glucagon and Incretin Signaling for Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatohepatitis—A Narrative Review with a Translational Focus

ABSTRACT A resurgence in glucagon research has repositioned this pancreatic hormone as a promising target in the treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders. Glucagon is classically known for contributing to glucose homeostasis, but emerging evidence points to a much wid...

Integrated differential transcript usage and transcript abundance analyses reveal isoform-level remodeling in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by transcriptional reprogramming driven by hypoxia signaling, metabolic rewiring, and immune modulation. While gene-level analyses have defined key features of ccRCC biology, they do not capture isoform-level variation aris...

Associations of Mild or Trace Valvular Abnormalities With Cardiac Remodeling in Older Adults: The ARIC Study

Background The impact of mild/trace valvular abnormalities on cardiac remodeling is not well understood, despite their association with poor cardiovascular outcomes. Methods Using data from 4684 participants in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) Study (2011–2013), age...

High Prevalence and Clinical Burden of Bleeding Disorder of Unknown Cause in Adolescents With Heavy Menstrual Bleeding: Application of New Definition by the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis

BACKGROUND: Bleeding disorder of unknown cause (BDUC) is increasingly recognized in patients with clinically significant bleeding despite normal haemostatic testing. The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) recently proposed a standardized definition incorpo...

Managing growth and puberty concerns in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Updated guidance and future directions

Long-term glucocorticoid therapy is standard of care for individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) but often results in impaired growth and delayed or incomplete puberty, impacting their physical and psychosocial health. Although DMD endocrine care has evolved, leading t...

Tobacco use moderates associations between cannabis use, psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive performance in psychosis spectrum disorders

Tobacco and cannabis use are highly prevalent among individuals with psychotic disorders. Tobacco use has been consistently linked to poorer clinical and cognitive outcomes, whereas findings regarding cannabis use remain mixed. The present study was a secondary analysis of cross-...

MR Neurography of Fine-Caliber Nerves: Technical Considerations and Practical Applications

With the advent of high-resolution imaging techniques, advanced fat and vascular suppression methods, and three-dimensional isotropic acquisitions, MR neurography of fine-caliber nerves has become an indispensable tool in assessment of peripheral neuropathies, but successful imag...

Drug-specific resistance mechanisms to RET inhibitors in RET fusion-positive NSCLC

Abstract Purpose: Ret proto-oncogene (RET) fusions are highly heterogeneous oncogenic drivers occurring in approximately 1-2% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While selpercatinib and pralsetinib have dramatically improved clinical outcomes of patients, acquired resistance i...