Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Enhancing geriatric perioperative care competencies through structured, geriatric-focused clinical rounds for operating room nursing students: a quasi-experimental study

The growing number of older adults undergoing surgery highlights the need for strengthened geriatric competencies among operating room (OR) nursing students. Despite this demand, geriatric-focused perioperative training remains limited in OR curricula. This study examined the eff...

The effects of royal jelly consumption on glycemia indices, lipid profile, and blood pressure in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a randomized, triple-blind trial

Abstract Aims The effects of royal jelly (RJ) on cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with acute ischemic stroke have not been previously reported from this trial. Therefore, we conducted a secondary analysis to investigate the effects of RJ consumption on glycemic indices, l...

Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on atrial fibrillation and biomarkers of myocardial injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery: study protocol of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background</bold> : Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is associated with several postoperative complications, notably atrial fibrillation (AF), which may arise due to myocardial reperfusion following ischemia and the resulting inflammatory respo...

Chronic traumatic popliteal arteriovenous fistula presenting twenty years after shotgun injury: a case report and critical literature review

Traumatic arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) account for only 2.5–4% of penetrating vascular injuries, yet their natural history is insidious: most remain hemodynamically compensated for years before clinical decompensation. Delayed popliteal AVF poses unique diagnostic and therapeuti...

Fatal invasive pulmonary aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus texensis: first documented human infection

<title>Abstract</title> Background Invasive Aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening infection in immunocompromised patients. Although <italic>Aspergillus fumigatus</italic> predominates, rare and cryptic species are increasingly recognized due to advances in molecular diagnostic...

Development, implementation, and evaluation of web-based decision support application for developmental care of preterm infants: a multi-phase study

Developmental care is a critical component of high-quality neonatal services for preterm infants. However, variability in gestational age assessment and inconsistencies in translating assessment findings into care practices can compromise developmental outcomes. Digital clinical...

The effect of reduced carbohydrate diet on cardiometabolic risk factors and gut microbiota in children and adolescents with obesity: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Objective To compare the effects of a reduced-carbohydrate diet (RCD) with a standard diet (STD) on cardiometabolic risk factors and gut microbiota composition in children and adolescents with obesity. Methods In this randomized controlled trial, 84 children and adolesce...

A brucellosis-associated vasculopathy presenting with focal neurological deficit: a case report in a pediatric patient with unique imaging

Brucellosis is the most prevalent bacterial zoonosis worldwide. While neurobrucellosis occurs in 5–7% of the affected adults, it is a rare pediatric complication, with an estimated incidence of 0.8%. Limited knowledge of its presentations, diagnosis, and management leads to a sig...

Towards clinical implementation of artificial intelligence in cancer care: concept mapping analysis of provincial workshop findings

Abstract Background Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly garnered interest in healthcare. Cancer care’s multidisciplinary nature and high coordination demands are well positioned to benefit from AI. While attitudes toward implementation of AI in medicine have been explored ge...

“When teaching turns turbulent: a mixed-methods study on prioritizing critical incidents of health sciences teachers”

Critical incidents significantly impact teacher identity, either constructively or disruptively. However, without knowing which incidents are most impactful, interventions and long-term plans cannot be designed. This study aimed to identify and prioritize critical incidents from...

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum secondary to profound weight loss and malnutrition: a case report and review of malnutrition as a primary etiology

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a rare but significant complication of anorexia nervosa (AN). While historically linked to Valsalva maneuvers, a growing body of evidence implicates severe malnutrition as an associated risk factor, challenging traditional etiologic models....

Awake craniotomy for drug-resistant non-oncological epilepsy: a systematic review of feasibility, reported safety, and seizure outcomes

Abstract Introduction Complete resection of the epileptogenic zone offers the best chance of seizure control in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. However, surgical management remains challenging when the epileptogenic zone is located within or adjacent to eloquent brain regi...

Antileishmanial effects of extract, fractions and essential oil from aerial parts of Zataria multiflora Boiss

Leishmaniasis, an endemic disease in approximately 100 countries, has different manifestations from skin lesions to visceral infections leading to death. There is currently no effective vaccine for leishmaniasis and the common drugs are expensive and have adverse side effects; al...

Impact of carotenoids on body composition and adipokine hormones: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Carotenoids, a class of antioxidant phytochemicals, have been proposed to influence adiposity and metabolic regulation through modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and adipokine secretion. However, clinical evidence remains inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-a...

CONRep: Uncertainty-Aware Vision-Language Report Drafting Using Conformal Prediction

The objective of this study is to quantify uncertainty in vision-language model (VLM)-based automated radiology report drafting (ARRD) to support trustworthy clinical deployment. In this study, we developed CONRep in two settings: label-based and sentence-based. In the label-base...

A comprehensive look at Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): from pathogenesis to prevention

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a formidable respiratory pathogen that particularly affects infants and children. RSV presents with diverse clinical severity, most often causing mild upper airway symptoms but sometimes progressing to severe and potentially fatal lower respir...

A rare presentation of metastatic thymic carcinoma mimicking pheochromocytoma and Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome: a case report

Metastatic thymic carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignancy that may present with atypical clinical and biochemical features, posing significant diagnostic challenges. We report the first documented case of metastatic thymic carcinoma mimicking both pheochromocytoma and Von H...

Effectiveness of tele-occupational performance coaching in improving occupational performance and executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a pilot randomised controlled trial

Background/Aims Occupational performance coaching is a family-centred intervention to enhance occupational performance in children. The remote variant, tele-occupational performance coaching, has become a viable option, especially for children with attention deficit hyperactivity...

Body Composition, Nutritional Status, and Dietary Intake in the First 100 Days After Stem Cell Transplantation and Their Link to One-Year Mortality in Leukemia Patients

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potentially curative treatment for acute leukemia; however, the first year after transplantation is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate changes in nutritiona...

Stress Evaluation of Indirect Composite Superstructure on Different Copings in CAD-on Technique for Restoration of Titanium Dental Implants—3D Finite Element Analysis

Abstract The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the stress distribution and total deformation of indirect composite veneered superstructures fabricated using different coping materials—zirconia, biocompatible high-performance polymer (BioHPP), and polyetherketoneketone (...