Stanford University

Immunotherapy for Glioma: A compartmental framework for resistance and rational combination design

Diffuse gliomas remain among the least responsive solid tumors to immunotherapy despite a compelling rationale for immune surveillance of infiltrative disease. The clinical record—negative phase III checkpoint blockade trials, limited durability of single-antigen vaccines, and im...

Disordered Gibbs measures and Gaussian conditioning

Abstract We study the law of a random field $$f_N(\varvec{\sigma })$$ f N ( σ ) evaluated at a random sample from the Gibbs measure associated to a Gaussian field $$H_N(\varvec{\sigma })$$ H N ( σ ) . In the high-temperature regime, we show that bounds on the probability that $$f...

Social media use and depression across 11 years of U.S. adult data

Controversy surrounds the relationship between social media use and depression. Prior research has relied on single datasets, narrower age groups or broad measures of screen time, leaving uncertainty about whether associations of social media use and depression were stable across...

Model systems, element inputs, and nutrient limitation

A good model system for understanding biogeochemistry and ecosystem function is one in which all or most of the processes found in the world’s ecosystems occur in a relatively simple way that makes them readily understandable. As I discuss in this paper, the Hawaiian Islands prov...

P1.095. International Collaborative Study on the Relationship Between ALDH2 Gene Polymorphism and Changes in Salivary Acetaldehyde Concentration by L8020 Lactobacillus

Abstract Topic Esophageal Cancer: Esophageal Carcinogenesis Background Seventy-five percent of the world's esophageal cancer cases occur in Asia. The primary cause is the presence of the flasher (ALDH2 non-inactivating type). The ALDH2 gene polymorphism (rs671 G>A) is believed to...

Highlights of the 2025 American Joint Replacement Registry Annual Report

The 2025 American Joint Replacement Registry Annual Report includes 4.6 million hip and knee arthroplasty procedures, with 4,434,668 validated cases, representing a 20% increase from the prior report. Registry participation continues to expand, with contributions from over 5000 s...

Identifying active surfaces for C2 decomposition relevant to the FC-CVD CNT synthesis process

Selecting for high quality carbon nanotube (CNT) growth during the floating catalyst vapour deposition (FC-CVD) synthesis process remains a challenge due to the coupling of physical and chemical phenomena inside the reactor. While there is evidence implicating C2 species as the p...

Effects of human mobility on tuberculosis incidence in mainland China, 2010–2023: an ecological analysis and metapopulation modeling study

Human mobility plays an important role in the transmission of infectious diseases, yet its contribution to tuberculosis (TB) dynamics in China remains insufficiently quantified. We compiled a province-year panel for mainland China (2010–2023) to describe spatiotemporal trends usi...

Quantifying the Acute Toxicity of Alpha-Synuclein Membrane-Accumulation in a Cell-Based Assay

Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects over 12 million people worldwide. A central pathological feature is the accumulation of aggregated alpha-synuclein (αS) in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. Engineered αS variants such as 3K (...

Telemedicine-guided management of iodinated contrast media-associated anaphylaxis: A case report

Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to iodinated contrast media (ICM) are uncommon, and ICM-associated anaphylaxis with airway compromise is rare, but time critical. In recent years, radiology has increasingly incorporated telemedicine-enabled workflows, including forms of virtu...

Matrix stress relaxation drives glioblastoma cell response in viscoelastic biomaterials

The extracellular matrix (ECM) of glioblastoma (GBM) is known to modulate cell behavior, yet the specific contributions of matrix biochemical and biomechanical signaling remain poorly understood. To address this, we engineer a tunable hyaluronan-elastin-like protein (HELP) hydrog...

Empiric MRSA Coverage for Children with Osteoarticular Infections: 2015 to 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Staphylococcus aureus is the most common causative pathogen for children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) and acute bacterial arthritis (ABA). National guidelines recommend empiric coverage for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) at hospita...

Optimizing culture-free approaches to recover high-quality Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomic variation

Background. Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) genomic epidemiology often relies on culturing patient sputum, a time- and labour-intensive process. Hybrid capture approaches have been successfully used to enrich Mtb DNA from complex clinical samples, yet the accuracy of variant i...

HarnessingDiamond Surface Features for Dense andAligned NV Ensembles

Abstract Controlling nitrogen doping in diamond is key to advancing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center devices. We harness the hillock, a typically undesirable surface feature, to incorporate high densities of grown-in, aligned NV centers on a (001)-oriented substrate. Enhanced cathodo...

Clinicians’ practices and attitudes toward depression assessment: a cross-sectional survey study

<title>Abstract</title> Accurate psychological evaluation is crucial for early detection, intervention and evaluation of mental health disorders. The validity and reliability of psychological evaluation methods have been systematically researched for many decades. However, assess...

Structural rearrangements underlying the activation of STIM1 by ER calcium depletion

ABSTRACT In resting cells, STIM1, the dimeric ER Ca 2+ sensor that controls store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE), is held in a Ca 2+ -bound inactive state by multiple intramolecular restraints, or brakes. Receptor-evoked release of Ca 2+ from the ER causes a large conformational cha...

The effects of CO2-rock interaction on the failure mode of clay-rich sandstone

Understanding how rock formations respond to CO₂ injection is critical for geological carbon storage. This study examines the impact of CO₂-rock interaction on the failure mode of clay-rich Tuscaloosa sandstone. To simulate CO₂-rock interaction in the subsurface, we conducted CO...

Therapeutic remodeling of the tuberculosis granuloma with 1-methyl-D-tryptophan enhances CD8+ T cell-macrophage interactions.

T cell infiltration and reduces T cell activation and proliferation; and iii) therapeutic strategies, including D-1MT, that improve intragranulomatous killing hold strong translational potential.

Retail Electricity Costs and Emissions Incentives Are Misaligned for Commercial and Industrial Power Consumers

Abstract Electrification is contributing to substantial growth in U.S. commercial and industrial loads, but the cost and Scope 2 carbon emission implications of this load growth are opaque for both power consumers and utilities. We present a comprehensive spatiotemporal data set...

Macrocyclization of Broad-Spectrum Kinase Inhibitor Bosutinib Leads to Potent and Selective Quinoline-Based HIPK4 Inhibitor AZ137

ABSTRACT Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 4 (HIPK4) remains an understudied member of the dark kinome. While genetic knockout studies suggest roles for HIPK4 in spermiogenesis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, whether these cellular functions can be recapitulated by ph...