Oregon Health & Science University

Convergent validity of measures of daily functioning in older adults

INTRODUCTION: Although information on daily functioning is needed for accurate diagnoses of neurocognitive disorders, little has been published on the psychometric properties of measures of daily functioning. Convergent validity is one such psychometric property that examines the...

The VA HEARS Model for Predicting Audiogram Changes in Adults Undergoing Cisplatin Chemoradiotherapy

Objective: Develop and validate a model for predicting complete audiograms of individual patients that also supports cisplatin-ototoxicity forecasting and early identification using any existing diagnostic and classification criteria. Study design: Prospective observational study...

Synthesising Generative Artificial Intelligence Competency Domains for Medical Education Faculty

ABSTRACT Background Artificial intelligence (AI), including generative AI (GenAI), is reshaping clinical care and medical education, requiring medical education faculty to develop new competencies. As GenAI becomes integrated into clinical and teaching workflows, faculty must gui...

IFNγ-dependent tumor-cell MHC-II is restrained by MAPK signaling and associated with immunotherapy responsiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and poor prognosis. Although major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) is typically expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells, its regulation a...

Pooled prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Purpose Anxiety and depressive symptoms are highly prevalent among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), yet they remain underdiagnosed despite their substantial impact on health outcomes. In addition to impairing treatment adherence, these conditions may con...

Carbon starvation of Mycobacterium abscessus induces a non-replicating state with extensive proteomic remodeling

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium abscessus ( Mab ) is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause chronic, debilitating lung disease. Mab is intrinsically resistant to most antibiotics, making Mab infections challenging to manage and frequently incurable. During infection, Mab adapts to survi...

Performance and safety of a multi-cancer early detection test: the PATHFINDER 2 study

Abstract Early cancer detection improves survival; however, most cancer types do not have guideline-recommended screening. We previously reported the first PATHFINDER study that established feasibility of cancer screening with a blood-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tes...

The PancreaSure Multianalyte Blood Test Performs Well at Distinguishing Early-Stage Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma from High-Risk Controls: A Retrospective Secondary Analysis

Background/Objectives: Biomarkers that can facilitate early detection of pancreatic cancer and extend patient survival are a significant unmet need. PancreaSure is a serum biomarker signature that performed well at distinguishing Stage I and II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (P...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, gut microbiome composition, impulsivity, and attention covary in a human cohort

ABSTRACT Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pervasive environmental pollutants linked to adverse neurobehavioral outcomes, yet the biological pathways coupling exposure to behavior are poorly defined. The gut microbiome is both sensitive to PAH exposure and a modulator o...

Mifepristone versus other interventions for the prevention of pregnancy in reproductive-age women using emergency contraception

RATIONALE: Emergency contraception uses drugs or intrauterine devices to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. Understanding the effectiveness, safety, and acceptability of the various methods available is critical for reproductive healthcare providers and their patien...

Fundamentals of Arthroscopic Surgery Training Program Shows Transfer Validity Through Enhanced Operative Arthroscopic Performance

PURPOSE: To evaluate the content, construct, concurrent, and transfer validity of the Fundamentals of Arthroscopic Surgery Training (FAST) program and to determine whether FAST testing performance correlated with arthroscopic performance in the operating room. METHODS: Participan...

Ferritin Normalization Is Not Disease Control in HFE ‐Related Hemochromatosis: Residual Risk, Transferrin Saturation, and the Hepcidin–Ferroportin Axis

ABSTRACT HFE ‐related hemochromatosis is conventionally managed as a disorder of iron excess, with therapeutic phlebotomy as effective, inexpensive, first‐line therapy. Ferritin normalization, however, may not fully capture clinical burden. Delphi consensus data identify the lack...

Anxiety and mood disorders are associated with greater healthcare and procedural utilization in idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Background and purpose Anxiety and mood disorders (AMD) are common in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), but their association with procedural treatment and healthcare utilization is unclear. We evaluated utilization among patients with AMD documented before or shortly a...

Consensus-Based Definitions for Vocal Biomarkers: The International VOCAL Initiative.

Introduction: Voice-based health technologies are growing rapidly, but they lack standardized terminology, which hinders interdisciplinary collaboration, research quality, and clinical translation. The objective of this work was to develop universally accepted definitions in the...

Prekallikrein: the catalytic crossroads of inflammation and thrombosis

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The contact activation pathway, historically considered dispensable for hemostasis, has re-emerged as a critical mediator of thromboinflammation. Plasma prekallikrein, through its activation to kallikrein, links coagulation, inflammation, and vascular biology....

Optimizing post-space drying: insights from an in vitro study using standardized three-dimensional-printed models

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of four post-space drying methods using standardized three-dimensional (3D)-printed resin tooth specimens, with emphasis on clinical implications for adhesive post retention. Methods: Maxillary central incisor models with po...

Proximity biotinylation at the host-Shigella interface reveals UFMylation as an antibacterial pathway

Abstract Host cells contest invasion by intracellular bacterial pathogens with multiple strategies that recognise and/or damage the bacterial surface. To identify host defence factors targeted to intracellular bacteria, we developed a proximity biotinylation approach coupled to q...

A medically grounded LLM agent–based tool to detect patient safety events in medical records

Large language models (LLMs) have shown incredible promise in medicine. While LLMs may be particularly useful in areas requiring extensive review of clinical records, their use remains limited due to their tendency to hallucinate and fabricate information. Hallucination issues, a...

Effects of time-restricted eating in early-stage Huntington’s disease: a pilot study

Time-restricted eating (TRE) has shown neuroprotective potential in preclinical models of Huntington’s disease (HD) but has not been tested clinically. Here, we report the results of a 12-week open-label pilot trial ( NCT06490367 ) of 8-h TRE, alongside standard-of-care diet and...

Beyond Cys65: Redox Effector Factor-1 CRISPR-Engineered Cys93 and Cys99 Mutants Reveal Cooperative and Secondary Roles of Redox Signaling and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression

Aims: Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox effector factor 1 (APE1/Ref-1) is a multifunctional protein implicated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) through its redox regulation of oncogenic transcription factors (TFs) such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, nucle...