National University of Singapore

Transcriptomic analysis defines gestation-specific programs of fetal liver maturation in premature sheep

Abstract Background: Fetal liver maturation is essential for postnatal metabolic, synthetic, detoxification, and immune function. Disruption of this process by preterm birth contributes to hypoglycemia, impaired detoxification, and immune immaturity. However, the transcriptional...

Protocols on X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Measurement and Interpretation

Abstract Understanding the local electronic and atomic structure of materials is central to modern physics, chemistry, materials science, and nanotechnology. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provides element-specific insight into these local environments through core-level X-r...

Ligand Recognition Directs Functional Ionic Layer Construction on Metal Nanoclusters for Electrocatalysis

Abstract Cation effects are central to electrocatalytic CO2 reduction, but freely dissolved cations lack positional control, defined function and persistent coupling to surface motifs. Precise regulation of such ionic microenvironments remains difficult in ligand-stabilized metal...

Advances in Confined Catalysts for Methane Dry Reforming: From Design Strategies to Reaction Mechanisms

Abstract Dry reforming of methane (DRM) converts two major greenhouse gases, CH4 and CO2, into syngas. The products (CO and H2) can be directly utilized as feedstock for chemical processes such as Fischer–Tropsch synthesis and methanol production. Transition metal-based catalysts...

Flow-driven lumen remodeling and valve opening in the vas deferens

ABSTRACT Biological ducts must transport fluids while preserving structural integrity, yet how mechano-signaling coordinates wall deformation with luminal flow in vivo remains unclear. Here we combine intravital two-photon excitation microscopy, light-sheet imaging and FRET-based...

Telomere variant sequences encode the genetic blueprint for allele-specific telomere length

The ends of human chromosomes are capped by specialized nucleoprotein structures, termed telomeres, which are essential for genome stability. Recent advances in long-read sequencing have enabled allele-specific telomere length measurements at nucleotide resolution, uncovering ext...

Effects of Reaction Conditions on the Oxidation Behavior of Soot Particles: A Molecular Dynamics Study Based on Realistic Particle Structures

Abstract Soot is widely present in combustion systems, yet its oxidation mechanisms remain unclear due to complex internal structures. Core–shell soot models with different maturity levels are constructed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the ef...

Transition of children with chronic gastrointestinal and liver disease to adult care: A multicentre Asian survey of paediatric gastroenterologists

OBJECTIVES: The rising incidence of chronic gastrointestinal conditions and better survival of children with life-limiting diseases have resulted in the need for continuity of care into adulthood. This study aimed to detail transition practices in paediatric gastroenterology and...

Deterministic Switching‐Path Engineering of CMOS‐Integrated 2D Memristors for Neuromorphic Computing

ABSTRACT Two‐dimensional (2D) memristors are promising for low‐power and high‐speed neuromorphic hardware. However, their performance under circuit‐level constraints remains limited because resistive switching relies on native defects, hindering precise control of filament format...

Two problems in comparative prime number theory: the five-way race modulo 11, and the sign of the integrated prime counting error

We resolve two problems of Hamieh, Kadiri, Martin and Ng in comparative prime number theory. Under GRH and the usual linear-independence hypothesis, we compute all 120 logarithmic densities in the five-way prime number race among the quadratic residues modulo 11, prove that they...

Two problems in comparative prime number theory: the five-way race modulo 11, and the sign of the integrated prime counting error

We resolve two problems of Hamieh, Kadiri, Martin and Ng in comparative prime number theory. Under GRH and the usual linear-independence hypothesis, we compute all 120 logarithmic densities in the five-way prime number race among the quadratic residues modulo 11, prove that they...

An Arithmetic Defect beyond the Symplectic Trace Wall

We study the fixed-distance range beyond the symplectic trace wall for quadratic L-functions over function fields. Using Wang's ratios theorem and a four-swap calculation, we identify an arithmetic Euler factor in the limiting second moment. For distance three, the first correcti...

Diabetes and Driving: How Predictive Technologies Will Alter Ethical and Legal Responsibilities

In 2023, a 67-year-old man with long-standing type 1 diabetes experienced a severe hypoglycemic episode and drove into an outdoor dining area in Victoria, Australia, killing 5 people and injuring several others. Although the charges against the driver were dismissed, future cases...

Aging beyond older adults: Transdisciplinary perspectives on demographic change in Japan

Population aging is increasingly recognized not merely as a demographic phenomenon, but as a broader societal transformation reshaping care systems, labor structures, infrastructure, communication, governance, and everyday social relations. Using Japan as an example of an advance...

Apocalyptic Visions and Ecofeminist Narratives in Three Southeast Asian Women's Fiction

ABSTRACT Apocalypse that describes ‘end‐of‐world’ scenarios have been especially prolific in the past few decades since the climate crisis has prophesied the imminent destruction of natural and human habitats. Apocalyptic literatures present insights into the various problems tha...

Artificial intelligence–driven decision-making after endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer

Early gastric cancer (EGC) is increasingly managed by endoscopic resection (ER); however, lymph node metastasis (LNM), which occurs in approximately 5%-10% of cases, remains the key determinant for recommending additional gastrectomy. Current guideline-based strategies, including...

Dual‐Site Covalent Targeting Enables BD2‐Selective BET Inhibition With Potent Antitumor Activity in Mice

ABSTRACT Bromodomain and extra‐terminal (BET) proteins are validated therapeutic targets for cancer, but clinical translation of pan‐BET inhibitors is limited by dose‐limiting toxicities from non‐selective inhibition of BD1/BD2 domains. Herein, we report the first‐ever domain‐sel...

Defeating Mechanical-Thermoelectric Performance Conflict in Hydrogel Thermocells via Mechanical Orientation Boost: A Universal Strategy

Abstract The advancement of high-performance hydrogel thermocells is constrained by a fundamental trade-off: strategies to enhance mechanical robustness, such as densifying polymer network or strengthening intermolecular interactions, often compromise thermoelectric performance d...

A cellular automaton model of tropical oceanic rain clusters with criticality

Abstract. The distributions of the cluster area, A, and total rain rate, R, for tropical oceanic rain clusters from a cellular automaton (CA) are analysed for their scaling exponent ζA, ζR, and β where f(s)~s-ζS; S∈{A,R}; f(s) the probability distribution of S. The CA only includ...

Synergic Regulation of Active Site Electron Polarization and Interlayer Electron Coupling in COFs for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Synthesis

ABSTRACT Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising photocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), yet reconciling the different electronic requirements in different elementary steps remains challenging. Herein, guided by the Sabatier principle and Marcus–Hush elec...