Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

Mitigation of serotonin-caused suppression of osteoblast function by extracts of the psychoactive indigenous plant Sceletium tortuosum

Abstract Background Sceletium tortuosum is an endemic plant in Southern Africa, traditionally used as kanna by the indigenous people and also exploited commercially due to its mood-elevating properties. Mesembrine, a major alkaloid from this plant, acts as a selective serotonin r...

Impact of South American biomass burning emissions on elevated South Atlantic upper tropospheric ozone

Abstract. During the SOUTHTRAC mission in autumn 2019 elevated mixing ratios of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide CO2, nitrogen oxide (NO) and total reactive nitrogen NOy were observed during a flight at the beginning of October. The potential plume extended over more than 100...

Structure of astacin and the discovery of metzincins

Abstract The X-ray crystal structure of astacin from the freshwater crayfish Astacus astacus published in 1992 was the second structural prototype of a zinc metalloendopeptidase solved after thermolysin from Bacillus thermoproteolyticus 20 years earlier. Astacin became the foundi...

(Re-)Novelizing Poetry: A Bakhtinian Perspective on Parenthesis

In this essay, we assume that the “novelization” of poetry envisaged by Mikhail M. Bakhtin as a general tendency to liberate poetry from its ideologically unified monophony and outlived stylization is in fact a re-novelization leading poetry back to its polyphonic origins, reinst...

(Re-)Novelizing Poetry: A Bakhtinian Perspective on Parenthesis

In this essay, we assume that the “novelization” of poetry envisaged by Mikhail M. Bakhtin as a general tendency to liberate poetry from its ideologically unified monophony and outlived stylization is in fact a re-novelization leading poetry back to its polyphonic origins, reinst...

CD8+ effector memory and regulatory T cell dynamics predict subclinical atherosclerotic plaque formation in healthy aging

<title>Abstract</title> Background Subclinical atherosclerotic plaque (SAP) develops silently in older adults. Early biological changes that predict plaque formation are not well defined. We examined whether immunological, and metabolic or functional measures identify vascular vu...

Conserving Mass, Momentum, and Energy for the Benjamin–Bona–Mahony, Korteweg–de Vries, and Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations

Abstract. We propose and study a class of arbitrarily high-order numerical discretizations that preserve multiple invariants and are essentially explicit (they do not require the solution of any large systems of algebraic equations). In space, we use Fourier Galerkin methods, whi...

An airborne in-situ dataset of cloud microphysical properties in supercooled large droplet icing conditions

Abstract. Detailed and comprehensive data sets on microphysical cloud properties in icing conditions are rare. In April 2023, fifteen research flights were performed with the SAFIRE ATR 42 research aircraft during the SENS4ICE-EU airborne measurement campaign over France and adja...

Flavin Hydroperoxideand Semiquinone: Structures andBiomimetic Activity

Abstract Flavins are unique natural redox cofactors that can switch between an oxidized, a radical half-reduced, and a fully reduced state. In nature, the interplay between these redox states is orchestrated by the surrounding flavoenzymes and unlocks a myriad of unique chemical...

Oxygen-UnaffectedTemperature Sensing in Air-SaturatedAqueous Dispersion with Oxygen-Sensitive Luminescent Metal ComplexesEncapsulated in l -Arginine-Type Silica Networks

Abstract Bioimaging, sensing, and photonic applications of oxygen-sensitive luminophores such as near-infrared (NIR) emissive spin-flip complexes of earth-abundant chromium (CrIII) and triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer complexes like ruthenium (RuII), osmium (OsII) or iridi...

Time-resolved imaging of antiferromagnetic skyrmion interactions

Abstract Quantifying particle interactions is central to understanding and controlling collective dynamics in particle-based devices such as those comprising skyrmion ensembles. Here we directly visualize, in real time, the nanosecond current-driven dynamics of an antiferromagnet...

Caregiver-reported experience of integrated care for children with special health care needs and its sociodemographic, health- and network-related correlates in Germany: Cross-sectional results from the PART-CHILD cohort

Abstract Background Children with special health care needs (CSHCN) often rely on cross-sectoral care networks involving medical, therapeutic, educational, and social services. However, key dimensions of integrated care, including cross-sectoral communication and attention to fam...

Two-year efficacy and safety outcomes of the Paul Glaucoma Implant compared to the Ahmed Glaucoma Valve

PURPOSE: To compare efficacy and safety profiles of the Paul Glaucoma Implant (PGI) and Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) in the treatment of adults with glaucoma over a 2-year of follow-up period. METHODS: This retrospective, single-center, comparative study included adult patients who...

The Plasmodium heme detoxification protein functions in mitochondrial protein synthesis

Abstract Malaria blood-stage parasites digest ~80% of host cell hemoglobin within a degradative vacuole, releasing heme that is detoxified by sequestration into hemozoin crystals. Although essential for survival and a validated drug target, the mechanisms of heme biomineralizatio...

Global stability and uniform persistence in an epidemic model with saturating fomite-mediated transmission

Abstract We analyse the global dynamics of a Susceptible–Vaccinated–Exposed–Infected–Recovered (SVEIR) epidemic model with demographic turnover, imperfect vaccination, and two transmission routes: direct host-to-host contagion and indirect transmission via contaminated fomites. I...

Calr-mediated calcium buffering: a molecular barrier to in vivo cardiac reprogramming

In a recent publication in Cell Stem Cell , Cai et al. 1 employed an in vivo Perturb-seq strategy to systematically identify molecular barriers that limit direct cardiac reprogramming following myocardial infarction (MI). This study provides a conceptual and technological framewo...

Queen loss fails to elicit physiological and transcriptional responses in workers of the invasive garden ant Lasius neglectus.

Colonies of insects with morphologically distinct castes have been called superorganisms because the function of their queens and workers is analogous to the germline and soma in metazoan bodies. In the case of formicoid ants, workers typically have lost the sperm storage organ,...

Review of Particle Physics *

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,200 new measurements from 903 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and b...

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Six-Minute Walk Distance in Children with Obesity

Background: The six-minute walk test (6MWT) assesses functional exercise capacity, but existing reference equations for children with obesity rely on traditional linear regression, potentially overlooking complex, non-linear relationships between anthropometric characteristics an...

Real-world walking and activity patterns in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the SMART-AGE trial

Abstract Background Digital mobility outcomes (DMOs) measured under real-world conditions allow for differentiated insights into mobility patterns of older adults. This study provides an advanced description of real-world walking in community-dwelling older adults and identifies...