Instituto de Salud Carlos III

B7-H6 orchestrates oncogenic signaling and represents a therapeutic vulnerability in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma

B7-H6 (NCR3LG1) is an immune checkpoint protein belonging to the B7 family of immunomodulatory proteins and serves as a ligand for the natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor NKp30 (NCR3) expressed on natural killer (NK) cells. In addition to its extracellular immunomodulatory d...

Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Organising Pneumonia Secondary to COVID-19: A 2-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study

Background: Organising pneumonia secondary to COVID-19 (OP-COVID-19) is a recognised inflammatory complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We assessed the 2-year clinical, radiological, and functional evolution of patients hospitalised with OP-COVID-19 and identified factors indepen...

Lignans as a Potential Metabolomic Biomarker for Nut Consumption and EAT-Lancet Diet Score Adherence

Abstract Metabolomic biomarkers may represent reliable objective measurements and can be useful for assessing dietary intake and avoiding biases. The objective of this study is to identify novel metabolomic indicators of dietary patterns. Dietary, anthropometric, blood biomarkers...

Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 predicts longitudinal amyloid pathology and clinical progression in amyloid-PET negative individuals with subjective cognitive decline

Early detection of amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology is critical for timely intervention in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Changes in plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 levels appear early in the AD continuum, but whether they precede amyloid deposition detected by Aβ-PET requires further research. Data from 16...

Sero-epidemiological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) across upper and lower Egypt

Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii ) is a globally prevalent protozoan parasite affecting warm-blooded species, including humans. In Egypt, serological surveys have been conducted in several livestock; however, studies on species such as buffalo and pigs remain scarce. This study aime...

Quality standards for preclinical research in cardio-oncology

Preclinical research in cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity (CTR-CVT) is a major domain of cardio-oncology and has provided biological explanation for the cardiovascular adverse effects of many cancer therapies. However, the choice of the experimental models to investi...

A cluster-randomized controlled trial of a family-based psychosocial intervention to prevent childhood obesity from preschool ages: the PRESAFALIN study protocol

Abstract Background: Childhood obesity is a major global concern, and Spain's high obesity rates highlight the urgent need for effective and innovative interventions in early age. The PRESAFALIN study aims to promote parental competence, self-efficacy, and resilience to improve c...

From feasibility to neuroanatomic validity of remote cognitive smartphone assessments in early Alzheimer’s disease

ABSTRACT Digital health technologies (DHT) offer a promising solution to the timely identification of early Alzheimer’s disease (eAD) to enable early treatment. This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, adherence, reliability, and preliminary clinical and content valid...

Longitudinal associations of objectively measured sedentary behaviour and physical activity intensities with urinary incontinence among middle-aged women: a cohort study

Abstract Background Urinary incontinence is a prevalent condition among middle-aged women, yet its relationship with activity behaviours remains underexplored. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal associations between objectively measured sedentary behaviour and physical...

Astrocytic PI3Kα controls synaptic plasticity and cognitive function via serine metabolism

Astrocytes modulate neuronal activity by gliotransmission and through metabolic regulation, yet the relationship between these functions remains poorly understood. Here we show that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling in astrocytes controls synaptic plasticity and memo...

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) in Cardiovascular Risk of Obesity-Associated Diabetes

The dysregulation of immune homeostasis and the persistence of chronic, low-grade inflammation represent core pathophysiological drivers governing the onset and progression of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) comprise a highly heter...

Mental Health and Psychological Constructs Related to Performance in Professional, Semi-Professional, and Competitive Adolescent Women’s Soccer Players: A Scoping Review

Background: Mental health has become a fundamental component of the sports world. Although previous studies have addressed psychological aspects of women’s soccer, no comprehensive review has mapped both mental health symptoms and adaptive psychological resources and psychophysio...

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Academic Performance in University Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background/Objectives: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been associated with numerous health benefits, yet it is often suboptimal among university students. Its relationship with academic performance (AP), an outcome with potential long-term implications, has not...

Presence of Dolosigranulum pigrum in the nasopharynx and its relationship with respiratory health status in paediatric population

ABSTRACT Background Respiratory tract infections range from asymptomatic colonisation to an invasive disease. Recent studies suggest that nasopharyngeal microbiota may influence this variability. Emerging evidence points to Dolosigranulum pigrum, a nasopharyngeal commensal, as a...

Acute Effects of Contract–Relax PNF With and Without Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Hamstring Flexibility and Jump Performance in Adolescent Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background The additional value of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) during contract–relax proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF-CR) stretching remains unclear, particularly in adolescent athletes. It is also unknown whether combining PNF-CR with motor-threshol...

INPP5E interactome reveals novel connections to growth factor signaling

Abstract Primary cilia are sensory cell membrane protrusions whose malfunction causes diseases known as ciliopathies. Joubert syndrome (JBTS) is a rare recessive ciliopathy causing brain malformations and kidney cysts, among other manifestations. A key player in JBTS is INPP5E, a...

Machine learning provides individualized prediction of outcomes after first complete remission without allo‐HSCT consolidation in adult acute myeloid leukemia—A HARMONY study

Abstract Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is a curative treatment option for a significant proportion of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and it is generally recommended when the relapse risk without allo‐HSCT outweighs the estimated non‐r...

Bivalent RSV Prefusion F Vaccine to Prevent Hospitalizations in Adults

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of severe respiratory disease in adults, with the highest burden among older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions. The bivalent RSV prefusion F (RSVpreF) vaccine has been shown to prevent RSV-ass...

Cognitive vergence and pupillary responses as functional oculomotor signatures to differentiate AT(N) biological profiles in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

Abstract The locus coeruleus (LC), the earliest site of tau accumulation in Alzheimer’s disease, directly influences pupillary and vergence oculomotor systems. Whether task-evoked oculomotor dynamics can non-invasively differentiate AT(N) profiles, A+T+ (biological Alzheimer’s di...

Clinical Variability and Genotype‐Driven Outcomes in CHRND ‐Related Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) caused by pathogenic variants in CHRND, encoding the δ-subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR), are rare, and data on genotype-phenotype correlations and long-term outcomes are limited. METHODS: We performed a retro...